[Vigilance in application of law 125/2001 concerning alcohol and alcohol-related risk assessment in workplaces]. / Vigilanza sull'applicazione della legge 125/2001. Indicazioni per la gestione nei luoghi di lavoro dei rischi alcol correlati.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The prohibition of using, dispensing or distributing alcoholic drinks at workplaces involving an elevated risk of accidents (Art. 15 - Law 125/2001 "General policy concerning alcohol and alcohol- related problems") is consistent with the duties of employers and employees regulated by Decree 626/94. The purpose of this rule of law is the health protection of workers and of any third party in the workplace. Alcohol-addiction in workers has to be considered as part of the risk assessment and, in the case of the hazardous activities identified in the law, the increase in risk due to alcohol consumption must also be considered RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Along with the prohibition of dispensing or distributing alcoholic drinks at the workplace, companies can launch training and information campaigns on the adverse health effects resulting from by harmful and hazardous alcohol consumption in workplaces, which will be all the more effective if addressed to all workers and not only to the more exposed employees. In developing this activity, the company occupational health physician has a central role to play by giving assistance to employees, involving the management and cooperating with public institutions. The controlling body will promote, support and supervise this process. In particular, the local authorities for Occupational Health and Safety (PSAL), together with social partners, will encourage companies to start up projects for health protection, will facilitate cooperation with the Pathological Addiction Services (Ser. T), and will encourage the implementation of a network to facilitate occupational health physicians in analyzing accident risks and solving health problems related to alcohol abuse.

[Plastic industry and exposure to carcinogenic chemical agents: an Italian Multicentric Study in Lombardy]. / Stampaggio della plastica ed agenti chimici cancerogeni: l'esperienza dello studio PPTP-Plastica.

The potential carcinogenic risk at the workplaces is a primary interest of occupational health, but some questions are also controversially discussed. Particularly, in the plastic forming industry a great attention was directed to the hot processing and their possible exposure to monomers, some of which were classified as carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and/or the European Union (EU). In Lombardy, a study on occupational exposure to chemical carcinogens in the plastic forming industry was planned during last years. The aim was to recognize and promote preventive technical and medical solutions, basing on efficacy. By an investigation at workplace supported with standardized questionnaires, the presence of chemical carcinogens was registered in 59% of a representative sample of firms; but an effective possibility of exposure was found only for 34% of cases. The evaluation of exposure to monomers by air monitoring (acrylonitrile, 1,3-butadiene, styrene, formaldehyde), involving a representative sample of factory with ABS and formaldehydic resins processing, showed low level exposure, because the common hygienic prevention measures were applied; some particular occupation shoved greater exposure to formaldehyde.

[Lombardy regional project: prevention of occupational tumors]. / Progetto regione lombardia: prevenzione dei tumori professionali.

In Lombardy, the regional project "Prevention of occupational cancers" is ongoing. The main objectives of this project are to identify work environments in which there might be a possible exposure to carcinogenic substances and to elaborate preventive measures. A casual sample of 250 working settings representing the different economic activities has been selected and evaluated. The 10% of the examined workplaces showed a possible exposure to chemical carcinogens. The most common carcinogens were trichloroethylene, preparation of plastics materials containing acrylonitrile-butadiene-stirene, formaldehyde, wood dust, hexavalent chromium, silica and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Galvanic industries, Bitumen production and placing companies and Plastics processing plants will be studied for environmental and biological monitoring and for the development of preventive measures.