RESUMO
The effects of anacardic acids and cardols isolated from the cashew nut and apple Anacardium occidentale (Anacardiaceae) on murine B16-F10 melanoma cells were tested. Although anacardic acids and cardols were found to inhibit tyrosinase, a key enzyme in melanin synthesis, melanogenesis in melanocytes was not suppressed in cultured cells but rather enhanced. Both anacardic acids and cardols exhibited moderate cytotoxicity.
Assuntos
Ácidos Anacárdicos/farmacologia , Anacardium/química , Citotoxinas/farmacologia , Melanócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Resorcinóis/farmacologia , Ácidos Anacárdicos/química , Ácidos Anacárdicos/isolamento & purificação , Animais , Citotoxinas/química , Citotoxinas/isolamento & purificação , Melaninas/biossíntese , Melanoma/patologia , Camundongos , Monofenol Mono-Oxigenase/antagonistas & inibidores , Resorcinóis/química , Resorcinóis/isolamento & purificação , Células Tumorais CultivadasRESUMO
6-Alkylsalicylic acids inhibit the linoleic acid peroxidation catalyzed by soybean lipoxygenase-1 (EC 1.13.11.12, type 1) competitively and without pro-oxidant effects. This activity is largely dependent on the nature of their alkyl side chains. Inhibitory activities of anacardic acids, viz. 6-pentadec(en)ylsalicylic acids, isolated from the cashew Anacardium occidentale, were initially used for comparison because their aromatic head portions are the same. Consequently, the data should be interpreted to mean that changes in the hydrophobic side chain tail portions of the molecules evaluated correlate with the specific activity determined.
Assuntos
Ácidos Anacárdicos/farmacologia , Inibidores de Lipoxigenase/farmacologia , Ácidos Anacárdicos/química , Ácidos Anacárdicos/farmacocinética , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos , Sequestradores de Radicais Livres/química , Sequestradores de Radicais Livres/farmacocinética , Sequestradores de Radicais Livres/farmacologia , Inibidores de Lipoxigenase/química , Inibidores de Lipoxigenase/farmacocinética , Espectrometria de Massas por Ionização por ElectrosprayRESUMO
On the basis of antibacterial anacardic acids, 6-pentadecenylsalicylic acids, isolated from the cashew apple, Anacardium occidentale L. (Anacardiaceae), a series of 6-alk(en)ylsalicylic acids were synthesized and tested for their antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175. Among them, 6-(4',8'-dimethylnonyl)salicylic acid was found to exhibit the most potent antibacterial activity against this cariogenic bacterium with the minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) of 0.78 microg/ml.
Assuntos
Ácidos Anacárdicos/síntese química , Ácidos Anacárdicos/farmacologia , Cárie Dentária/prevenção & controle , Desenho de Fármacos , Antibacterianos/síntese química , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de MedicamentosRESUMO
A series of anacardic acid analogues possessing different side chains viz. phenolic, branched, and alicyclic were synthesized and their antibacterial activity tested against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The maximum activity against this bacterium occurred with the branched side-chain analogue, 6-(4',8'-dimethylnonyl)salicylic acid, and the alicyclic side-chain analogue, 6-cyclododecylmethyl salicylic acid, with the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.39 microg/mL, respectively. This activity was superior to that of the most potent antibacterial anacardic acid isolated from the cashew Anacardium occidentale (Anacardiaceae), apple and nut, that is, the 6-[8'(Z),11'(Z),14'-pentadecatrienyl]salicylic acid.
Assuntos
Ácidos Anacárdicos/farmacologia , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Resistência a Meticilina , Staphylococcus aureus/efeitos dos fármacos , Ácidos Anacárdicos/síntese química , Ácidos Anacárdicos/química , Anacardium/química , Antibacterianos/síntese química , Antibacterianos/química , Desenho de Fármacos , Malus/química , Meticilina/farmacologia , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Nozes/química , Relação Estrutura-AtividadeRESUMO
Bhilawanol diene (3) isolated from bhilawan nut shell liquid was found to be a potent inhibitor of both soybean and potato lipoxygenases with IC50 values of 0.85 microM and 1.1 microM, respectively. However, the monoene (2) and saturated (1) bhilawanols exhibited relatively lower inhibitory activity. In addition, inhibition studies with synthetic analogues of salicylic acid (4-8) suggested that the unsaturated lipophilic side chain may be an absolute requirement for inhibitory activity.
