Effect of epithalon on the incidence of chromosome aberrations in senescence-accelerated mice.

The incidence of chromosome aberrations in bone marrow cells of 12-month-old SAMP-1 female mice characterized by accelerated aging was 1.8 times higher than in wild-type SAMR-1 females and 2.2 times higher than in SHR females of the same age. Treatment with Epithalon (Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly) starting from the age of 2 months decreased the incidence of chromosome aberrations in SAMP-1, SAMR-1, and SHR mice by 20%, 30.1%, and 17.9%, respectively, compared to age-matched controls (p<0.05). Treatment with melatonin (given with drinking water in a dose of 20 mg/liter in night hours) had no effect on the incidence of chromosome aberrations in SHR mice. These data indicate antimutagenic effect of Epithalon, which probably underlies the geroprotective effect of this peptide.

Dynamics of chromosomal aberrations in male mice of various strains during aging.

We studied the incidence of chromosome aberrations in bone marrow cells and primary spermatocytes in various mouse strains. Experiments were performed on SAMP mice (accelerated aging), control SAMR mice, and long-living CBA and SHR mice. Experiments revealed a positive correlation between the age and the incidence of mutations in their somatic cells and gametes.

[The influence of melatonin on mutagenicity and antitumor action of cytostatic drugs in mice]. / Vliianie melatonina na mutagennost' i protivoopukholevyi éffekt tsitostatikov u myshei.

SHR mice received single injections of N-nitrosomethylurea (NMU, 50 mg/kg, i.p.), cyclophosphamide (CP, 200 mg/kg, i.p.) or 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH, 15 mg/kg, s.c.) alone or in combination with melatonin (5 mg/kg, s.c.). For mutagenic study chromosome aberrations tests (ChA) in bone marrow cells and sperm head anomaly test (SHA) were used. Melatonin did not appear mutagenic in either of the tests and significantly reduced the level of ChA (%) from 16.9 +/- 1.6 (NMU), 13.7 +/- 3.5 (CP) and 8.7 +/- 0.3 (DMH) to 4.5 +/- 0.6, 4.3 +/- 0.9 and 5.6 +/- 0.2, respectively, (p < 0.05). Similarly, SHA frequency (%) under the melatonin influence was reduced from 18.6 +/- 0.4 (NMU), 17.7 +/- 0.4 (CP) and 10.0 +/- 0.5 (DVH) to 9.9 +/- 0.5, 6.1 +/- 0.3 and 7.5 +/- 0.2, respectively, (p < 0.05). Unlike in controls, exposure to melatonin in drinking water (20 mg/l, at night) or in injections (5 mg/kg, s.c.) alone or in combination with NMU or CP failed to influence subcutaneously-transplanted Ehrlich carcinoma growth. These findings suggest that melatonin reduced the mutagenicity of the cytostatic drugs without affecting their anti-tumor action.

[Modification of the mutagenicity of drugs by their immobilization. Effect of immobilization of analgin in starch in mice]. / Modifikatsiia mutagennosti lekarstvennykh preparatov putem ikh immobilizatsii. Effekt immobilizatsii anal'gina v krakhmale u myshei.

The mutagenic effect of analgin was studied in germ and somatic cells of male mice Mus musculus. It was found that injection of analgin (20 and 40 mg per mouse) significantly increased the frequency of sperm head anomalies and chromosome aberrations in bone marrow cells. Immobilization of analgin in starch led to decrease in the drug immobilization.

[Effect of immobilization of analgin in polyvinyl alcohol on its mutagenicity in mice]. / Effekt immobilizatsii anal'gina v polivinilovom spirte na mutagennost' umyshei.

Mutagenicity of analgin in the tests for sperm head anomalies (SHA) and chromosome aberrations (CA) in bone marrow cells was studied in male mice Mus musculus. Analgin (40 micrograms) was injected intraperitoneally in 0.2 ml of aqueous solution or 0.01-5% solution of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). Analgin was found to increase both SHA and CA frequencies. The drug immobilized in PVA also increased SHA and CA frequencies, though in less degree than non-immobilized one.