RESUMO
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Although excess white sugar intake imposes various health burdens, brown sugar is high in minerals, polyphenols, and polycosanol. However, few epidemiological studies have assessed brown sugar intake for health benefit. People in the Amami islands region, with a relatively high proportion of individuals with longevity, consume brown sugar as a type of refreshment. This cohort study was conducted in Amami to clarify the association of brown sugar intake with mortality risk and cancer incidence. METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN: Participants were recruited from the general population of Amami as part of the Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort Study. The number of eligible participants was 5004 (2057 men and 2947 women). During the median follow-up period of 13.4 years, 274 deaths and 338 cases of cancer were observed. HRs and 95% CIs were estimated using the Cox proportional hazard model, after adjusting for sugar-related and other variables. RESULTS: After adjusting for their related confounding factors, brown sugar intake was associated with decreased HRs and a decreasing trend for all-site and stomach cancer incidence (p = 0.001 and 0.017, respectively) in women and men, and for breast cancer incidence (p = 0.034) in women. Additionally, a decreasing trend in the HRs for lung cancer incidence was observed among never and ex-smokers (p = 0.039). Decreased HRs for overall death, cancer, and cardiovascular disease were not apparent. CONCLUSIONS: Brown sugar intake was associated with decreased risk of all-site, stomach, and breast cancer incidences in the Amami population.
Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama , Masculino , Humanos , Feminino , Estudos de Coortes , Fatores de Risco , Japão/epidemiologia , Estudos Prospectivos , Neoplasias da Mama/epidemiologia , Açúcares/efeitos adversosRESUMO
AIM: In this study, we aim to analyze the correlation between brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and Suita score or Framingham risk score and obtain the cutoff value of baPWV by sex and age for cardiovascular risk, as assessed by these scores in the large Japanese annual health checkup data. METHODS: In total, 25,602 participants (14,539 men and 11,063 women), who had their annual health checkups, were included in this study. Cutoff values of baPWV for the moderate- and high-risk groups stratified by sex and age were obtained using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. RESULTS: As per our findings, the Suita score demonstrated better correlations with baPWV than the Framingham risk score in both sexes (men, Suita score R2=0.41 and Framingham risk score R2=0.37; women, Suita score R2=0.54 and Framingham risk score R2=0.33). The ROC curve analysis demonstrated the cutoff values of baPWV for moderate- and high-risk groups estimated using the Suita score, and they are as follows: in men, the baPWV cutoff values were 1,350 cm/s in the 40s, 1,430 cm/s in the 50s, 1,520 cm/s in the 60s, and 1,880 cm/s in the 70s. In women, the baPWV cutoff values were 1,350 cm/s in the 40s, 1,430 cm/s in the 50s, 1,570 cm/s in the 60s, and 1,800 cm/s in the 70s. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated that baPWV significantly correlated with the Suita score or Framingham risk score in both men and women, with the former presenting a stronger correlation than the latter. We propose the cutoff values of baPWV for moderate- and high-risk groups estimated using the Suita score.