RESUMO
Objectives: Instruments used to measure resilience have typically been developed in European or Anglosphere countries and emphasize personal factors of resilience. In addition to being a quickly growing ethnic minority group in the United States, Latinx individuals face unique stressors and protective factors that may contribute to resilience. This review sought to determine the extent to which instruments measuring resilience have been validated in U.S. Latinx populations and what domains of resilience those scales capture. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) standards and included studies describing psychometric properties of resilience scales for Latinx individuals living in the United States. Articles were assessed for quality of psychometric validation; scales used in the final studies were assessed for representation of domains of the social ecological resilience model. Results: Nine studies were included in the final review examining eight separate resilience measures. The populations of these studies were heterogeneous geographically and demographically; more than half the studies only included Latinx populations as a subgroup. The breadth and quality of psychometric validation were variable across studies. The domains represented by the scales in the review most heavily assessed individual domains of resilience. Conclusion: The literature to date on psychometric validation of resilience measures in Latinx populations in the United States is limited and does not robustly capture aspects of resilience that may be particularly meaningful for Latinx populations, such as community or cultural factors. Instruments that are developed with and for Latinx populations are necessary to better understand and measure resilience in this population.
RESUMO
Objetivo: Analisar a antropometria e somatotipo de atletas do voleibol brasileiro. Metodologia: a amostra foi composta por 54 atletas convocadas para as seleções nacionais, sendo 16 da adulta (25,6±5,3anos), 17 da juvenil (17,89±0,32 anos) e 21 da infanto-juvenil (15,86±0,36 anos). Para o somatotipo utilizou-se o método de Heath e Carter. O tratamento estatístico utilizado foi o descritivo com valores de tendência central e seus derivados, e o inferencial ANOVA e post hoc de Tukey. Para o somatotipo recorreu-se ao cálculo da distância espacial entre os somatótipos (DES). Resultados: A variável estatura não apresenta diferença significativa entre as seleções, somente entre as posições de jogo. O somatotipo da seleção infanto-juvenil foi diferente das demais. A seleção adulta classificou-se como ectomorfo-mesomorfo (2,24/3,16/3,58), juvenil como central (3,12/3,40/3,30) e infanto-juvenil como ecto-endomorfico (3,07/2,25/3,81). Conclusão: a estatura e linearidade são variáveis importantes na seleção de atletas para o alto rendimento.
Objective: analyze the anthropometry and somatotype of Brazilian volleyball athletes. Methods: The sample was composed of 54 athletes convened for the national selections, 16 of the adult (25.6 ± 5, 3anos), 17 of juvenile (17.89 ± 0,32anos) and 21 under 17 (15.86 ± 0, 36anos). Heath and Carter Somatotype Method was used to collect somatotype. The statistical treatment used was descriptive with values of central tendency and derivates and the inferential ANOVA one-way and post hoc of Tukey. The spatial distance between the somatotypes (DES) was used to calculate the somatotype. Results: the height variable wasn't different between the selections, however, this difference is evident between the positions of the game. The somatotype of under 17 selection was different from the others.The adult selection was classified as ectomorphic-mesomorph (2.24 / 3,16 / 3.58), the juvenile as central (3.12 / 3.40 / 3.30) and under 17 as ecto-endomorphic (3.07 /2.25 / 3.81). Conclusion: the height and linearity are important variables in the selecions of athletes for high performance.
Objetivo: analizar la antropometría y el somatotipo de atletas del voleibol brasileño. Métodos: la muestra fue composta de 54 atletas convocadas a las selecciones nacionales, com 16 de la adulta (25,6±5,3anos) 17 de la juvenil (17,89±0,32anos) y 21 de la infanto-juvenil (15,86±0,36anos). Para el somatotipo se ha utilizado el método de Heath y Carter. El análisis estadístico utilizado fue el de los valores descriptivos de tendencia central y de sus derivados, inferencial y ANOVA one-way y post hoc de Tukey. Para el somatotipo se utiliza para calcular la distancia espacial entre el somatotipo (DES). Resultados: la variable de la altura no es significativamente diferente entre los equipos, sólo entre las posiciones del juego. El somatotipo de la selección infanto-juvenil fue distinto a las demás selecciones. La selecione adulta se clasificó como ectomorfo-mesomorfo (2,24/3,16/3,58), juvenil como central (3,12/3,40/3,30) e infanto-juvenil como ecto-endomorfico (3,07/2,25/3,81). Conclusíon: La estatura y linearidade son variables importantes en la selección de atletas para el alto rendimiento.
