RESUMO
Ecdysteroid agonist and antagonist activities can be detected and quantified with the Drosophila melanogaster B(II) cell bioassay. This bioassay is convenient, sensitive and robust. We report the assessment with this bioassay of the activities of a wide range of compounds representing a number of classes of natural products. Many compounds were inactive over a wide concentration range (10(-8) to 10(-4) or 10(-3) M) or cytotoxic at high concentrations. However, antagonisitic activity was associated with several classes of compounds: cucurbitacins and withanolides (extending previous findings) and phenylalkanoids and certain alkaloids (described for the first time). A withanolide (withaperuvin D) is identified which possesses agonistic activity. Brassinosteroids, which have been ascribed (ant)agonistic properties in the past, were not found to be active in the B(II) bioassay, either as agonists or antagonists. Possible reasons for the prevalence of antagonists and for the low potency of the majority of them are discussed.
Assuntos
Bioensaio/métodos , Produtos Biológicos/farmacologia , Isoflavonas , Esteroides/agonistas , Esteroides/antagonistas & inibidores , Alcaloides/química , Alcaloides/farmacologia , Animais , Ligação Competitiva , Produtos Biológicos/química , Produtos Biológicos/metabolismo , Bufanolídeos/química , Bufanolídeos/farmacologia , Cardenolídeos/química , Cardenolídeos/farmacologia , Linhagem Celular , Cucurbitacinas , Drosophila melanogaster/citologia , Ecdisteroides , Estrogênios não Esteroides/química , Estrogênios não Esteroides/farmacologia , Hormônios de Inseto/química , Hormônios de Inseto/farmacologia , Ligantes , Lignanas/química , Lignanas/farmacologia , Neurotransmissores/química , Neurotransmissores/farmacologia , Fitoestrógenos , Preparações de Plantas , Receptores de Esteroides/efeitos dos fármacos , Receptores de Esteroides/metabolismo , Saponinas/química , Saponinas/farmacologia , Esteroides/química , Esteroides/farmacologia , Triterpenos/química , Triterpenos/farmacologiaRESUMO
Philippine cinema has long afforded spectators constructions of queerness not only deviating from Western queer theory but also from other continentally Asian homosexual traditions. Using as my primary text Lino Brocka's 1978 film My Father, My Mother, I examine how indigenous ideas of transsexuality and transgender are not only constructed by alternatively sexual images manufactured and appropriated by the Marcos regime, but how those sexual images construct and perpetuate class divisions as criteria of an ongoing Philippine sexual economy.
