A study of mandibular ramus anatomy and its significance to sagittal split osteotomy.

A study is presented, which investigates the position of fusion between the buccal and lingual cortical plates. The knowledge of this position will direct the placement of horizontal medial osteotomy in modified sagittal split osteotomy.

Unilateral involvement of kidneys in mice infected with Candida albicans.

Mice injected with 10(3) cells of a virulent isolate of Candida albicans via the lateral tail vein developed frequent unilateral abnormalities of the right but not the left kidneys. Initially the number of colony forming units in the right and left kidneys were similar but the number of colonies became consistently higher in the right kidneys as the infection progressed. The frequency of unilateral involvement decreased when the inoculum size was increased to 5 X 10(3) cells. These observations indicate that when growth of C. albicans in vivo is monitored over a period of time starting with a low inoculum, it is critical to be consistent in culturing kidneys from the same side.

Utilization of indole compounds by Cryptococcus neoformans to produce a melanin-like pigment.

Several indoles served as substrates for the phenoloxidase of Cryptococcus neoformans and resulted in the production of a melanin-like pigment. In general, a higher percentage of C. neoformans var. neoformans (A and D serotypes) isolates could produce pigment from indoles than could those of var. gattii (B and C serotypes). Only compounds with a hydroxyl or an amino group on the phenyl ring produced pigment; methoxy, nitro, methyl, and fluorine substituents on the phenyl ring were inactive, as was a hydroxyl group at the 2 position on the indole ring. The phenoloxidase of C. neoformans thus appears to differ from that found in Mycobacterium leprae, which cannot use a hydroxyindole, desoxyfructo-5-hydroxytryptamine, as a substrate. In addition, C. neoformans differs from M. leprae in that desoxyfructo-5-hydroxytryptamine does not inhibit the uptake of dihydroxyphenylalanine into the cell.

Measurement of serum LH, FSH, progesterone, 17-hydroxy-progesterone and estradiol-17beta levels at 4-hour intervals during the periovulatory phase of the menstrual cycle.

PIP: Measurement of serum luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), progesterone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, and estradiol-17beta in 4 women every 4 hours during the midcycle LH peaks preceded by estradiol peaks and followed by ovulatory levels of serum progesterone (greater than 3 ng/ml). 48 hours was the average length of the LH peak, and 36-62 hours later progesterone rose to ovulatory levels. 17-hydroxyprogesterone rose after the initial onset of the midcycle LH surge in 2 subjects and concomitant with the onset in the other two. The estradiol peak occurred prior to the midcycle rise in 17-hydroxyprogesterone in all subjects. It was postulated that the incr ease in 17-hydroxyprogesterone secretion occurs as a result of the LH surge. In 2 subjects estradiol levels were declining prior to the initiation of the LH surge and in 2 they were not; therefore, it was suggested that estradiol may not be the mechanism for the midcycle release of LH.^ieng