Colossal Barocaloric Effect near Ambient Temperature in 1-Dodecanol under a Low Pressure.

Solid-state refrigeration based on the barocaloric effect is an effective alternative to traditional vapor compression refrigeration. Here 1-dodecanol has been studied due to its large latent heat at a solid-liquid phase transition point around room temperature. The transition temperature will vary with the applied hydrostatic pressure, exhibiting with a sensitivity of 0.14 K MPa-1, which indicates its potential for refrigeration. A pressure of 40 MPa can result in a large isothermal entropy change of 520 J kg-1 K-1 (equivalent to that obtained in vapor compression refrigeration) at 297 K. A large adiabatic temperature change of >20 K in 1-dodecanol was acquired by direct measurement. A wide temperature window of ∼50 K (288-337 K) can be obtained in 1-dodecanol, which demonstrates broad application prospects. These discoveries offer promising prospects for barocaloric cooling and high-efficiency refrigeration technologies relying on solid-liquid phase transitions.

Magneto-electrochemistry driven ultralong-life Zn-VS2 aqueous zinc-ion batteries.

The development of high energy density and long cycle lifespan aqueous zinc ion batteries is hindered by the limited cathode materials and serious zinc dendrite growth. In this work, a defect-rich VS2 cathode material is manufactured by in situ electrochemical defect engineering under high charge cut-off voltage. Owing to the rich abundant vacancies and lattice distortion in the ab plane, the tailored VS2 can unlock the transport path of Zn2+ along the c-axis, enabling 3D Zn2+ transport along both the ab plane and c-axis, and reduce the electrostatic interaction between VS2 and zinc ions, thus achieving excellent rate capability (332 mA h g-1 and 227.8 mA h g-1 at 1 A g-1 and 20 A g-1, respectively). The thermally favorable intercalation and 3D rapid transport of Zn2+ in the defect-rich VS2 are verified by multiple ex situ characterizations and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. However, the long cycling stability of the Zn-VS2 battery is still unsatisfactory due to the Zn dendrite issue. It can be found that the introduction of an external magnetic field enables changing the movement of Zn2+, suppressing the growth of zinc dendrites, and resulting in enhanced cycling stability from about 90 to 600 h in the Zn||Zn symmetric cell. As a result, a high-performance Zn-VS2 full cell is realized by operating under a weak magnetic field, which shows an ultralong cycle lifespan with a capacity of 126 mA h g-1 after 7400 cycles at 5 A g-1, and delivers the highest energy density of 304.7 W h kg-1 and maximum power density of 17.8 kW kg-1.

LOC101929709 promotes gastric cancer progression by aiding LIN28B to stabilize c-MYC mRNA.

BACKGROUND: LIN28B plays a critical role in the Warburg effect. However, its underlying mechanism remains elusive. Recently, it has been reported that LIN28B could collaborate with IGF2BP3, which can bind to m6A-modified c-MYC transcripts. Therefore, this study investigated if LIN28B recognises methylated c-MYC mRNA to promote the Warburg effect in gastric cancer. METHODS: Effects of LIN28B on gastric cancer were confirmed in vitro and in vivo. On the basis of bioinformatics analysis, the association between LIN28B and c-MYC mRNA was shown using RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and luciferase reporter assays. The role of m6A was identified by RNA pull-down assays. We further performed RIP-seq to search for long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) participating in the LIN28B binding process. Chromatin immunoprecipitation was used to show the impact of c-MYC on transcription of LIN28B and lncRNAs. RESULTS: LIN28B was identified to stabilize c-MYC mRNA by recognizing m6A. Furthermore, the interaction between c-MYC mRNA and LIN28B is speculated to be supported by LOC101929709, which binds to both LIN28B and IGF2BP3. Functional experiments revealed that LOC101929709 promotes the proliferation, migration and glycolysis of gastric cancer. Mechanistically, LOC101929709 enriched in the cytoplasm helps LIN28B stabilize c-MYC mRNA. Moreover, c-MYC promoted the transcription of both LOC101929709 and LIN28B. Additionally, LOC101929709 also activated the PI3K/AKT pathway. CONCLUSIONS: The c-MYC/LOC101929709/LIN28B axis promotes aerobic glycolysis and tumour progression. Thus, LOC101929709 can be a novel potential target for gastric cancer treatment.

Quenching and Electrical Current Poling Effect on Improved Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric Properties in BiFeO3-Based High-Temperature Piezoceramics.

The effects of quenching on the structural, electrical, dielectric, ferroelectric (FE), and piezoelectric properties are investigated systematically in the 0.85BiFe1-xCrxO3-0.15BaTi1-xMnxO3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.03) ceramics. Optimal piezoelectricity and FE Curie temperature are obtained through optimized quenching rate and temperature. Quenching effect on piezoelectricity is especially significant for the samples near morphotropic phase boundaries (MPB), which can be ascribed to quenching-induced changes in phase ratio (rhombohedral and tetragonal phase) and domain structure/defect dipole orientation. Moreover, a new poling method, that is, cooling the sample at a constant dc current across FE TC, is established to improve the piezoelectricity. This work not only reveals the possible mechanism of quenching effect on the improved piezoelectricity in the BFO-based piezoceramics (especially near the MPB) but also suggests an electric current poling strategy for improving piezoelectricity by suppressing the defect dipole effects in BFO-based and even other piezoelectrics.

Diuretic Resistance Prediction and Risk Factor Analysis of Patients with Heart Failure During Hospitalization.

Objectives: This study performed a prediction and risk factor analysis of diuretic resistance (DR) in patients with decompensated heart failure during hospitalization. Methods: The data of patients with decompensated heart failure treated in 2010-2018 with DR (n = 3,383) or without DR (n = 15,444) were retrospectively collected from Chinese PLA General Hospital medical records. Statistical analysis of baseline was performed on two groups of people, and the risk factor of DR was analyzed through logic regression. Six machine learning models were built accordingly, and the adjustment of model super parameters was performed by using Bayesian optimization method. Finally, the optimal algorithm was selected according to prediction efficiency. Results: The preliminary analysis of variance showed significant differences in the incidence of DR among patients with lung infection, hyperlipidemia, type 2 diabetes, and kidney disease. There were significant differences in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (P < 0.001). In addition, some physical indicators like BMI were different, the laboratory results like mean red blood cell volume or C-reactive protein assay were also significantly different. The optimal classification model indicated that the best cutoff points for risk factors were vein carbon dioxide, 21 mmol/L and 29 mmol/L; total protein, 64 g/L; pro-brain natriuretic peptide (pro-BNP), 7,600 pg/mL; eGFR, 50 mL/(min ∙ 1.73 m2); serum albumin, 33 g/L; hematocrit, 0.32% and 0.56%; red blood cell volume distribution width, 13; and age, 59 years. The optimal area under the curve was 0.9512. The ranked features derived from the model were age, abnormal sodium level, pro-BNP level, serum albumin level, D-dimer level, direct bilirubin level, and eGFR. Conclusions: The DR risk prediction model based on a gradient boosting decision tree created here identified its important risk factors. The model made very accurate predictions using simple indicators and simultaneously calculated cutoff values to help doctors predict the occurrence of DR.

Colossal and reversible barocaloric effect in liquid-solid-transition materials n-alkanes.

Emerging caloric cooling technology provides a green alternative to conventional vapor-compression technology which brings about serious environmental problems. However, the reported caloric materials are much inferior to their traditional counterparts in cooling capability. Here we report the barocaloric (BC) effect associated with the liquid-solid-transition (L-S-T) in n-alkanes. A low-pressure of ~50 MPa reversibly triggers an entropy change of ~700 J kg-1 K-1, comparable to those of the commercial refrigerants in vapor-based compression systems. The Raman study and theoretical calculations reveal that applying pressure to the liquid state suppresses the twisting and random thermal motions of molecular chains, resulting in a lower configurational entropy. When the pressure is strong enough to drive the L-S-T, the configurational entropy will be fully suppressed and induce the colossal BC effect. This work could open a new avenue for exploring the colossal BC effect by evoking L-S-T materials.

Effect of Two Kinds of Compound Rhizosphere Growth-promoting Bacteria on Growth，Physiological Characteristics and Pharmacodynamic Components of Angelicae Sinensis Radix / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo study the effects of foliar spraying of two kinds of compound rhizosphere growth-promoting agents on the growth and physiological characteristics of Angelicae Sinensis Radix （ASR）， as well as the pharmacodynamic components， in order to lay a foundation for providing functional microbial agents for ecological cultivation of ASR. MethodThe compound growth-promoting agents T1 （Pseudomonas CBS5， CBS7 and CBSB） and T2 （Bacillus 5C1， 5C5 and 5C7） with the concentration of 1×108 CFU·mL-1 were sprayed on the leaf surface of the field， and the sterile potato glucose broth medium was used as the control （CK）. The plant growth indexes of ASR were measured by conventional methods， the photosynthetic physiological indexes of ASR were measured by portable photosynthetic measurement system， the enzyme activities of plants and microorganisms were measured by kit method， and the endogenous hormone levels were analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. The contents of ferulic acid， senkyunolide I， coniferyl ferulate， senkyunolide A and Z-ligustilide were determined by high performance liquid chromatography. ResultCompared with CK， the two compound inoculants could promote the growth of ASR and increase the biomass， increase the leaf net photosynthetic rate， stomatal conductance， intercellular CO2 concentration， transpiration rate， increase catalase， peroxidase， superoxide dismutase， polyamine oxidase， diamine oxidase and polyphenol oxidase enzyme activities， increase endogenous jasmonic acid， cytokinin and gibberellin levels in plants， increase the contents of ferulic acid， senkyunolide A and Z-ligustilide， reduce the contents of malondialdehyde and abscisic acid， and reduce the incidence of root rot. ConclusionFoliar spraying of two kinds of rhizosphere compound growth-promoting agents can promote the growth， photosynthesis and stress resistance of ASR， and can improve the quality of ASR in different degrees. Comprehensive analysis shows that T1 treatment is better than T2 treatment in the growth-promoting and quality-enhancing of ASR.

Chemical Solution Route for High-Quality Multiferroic BiFeO3 Thin Films.

Bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3 ) has recently become interesting as a room-temperature multiferroic material, and a variety of prototype devices have been designed based on its thin films. A low-cost and simple processing technique for large-area and high-quality BiFeO3 thin films that is compatible with current semiconductor technologies is therefore urgently needed. Development of BiFeO3 thin films is summarized with a specific focus on the chemical solution route. By a systematic analysis of the recent progress in chemical-route-derived BiFeO3 thin films, the challenges of these films are highlighted. An all-solution chemical-solution deposition (AS-CSD) for BiFeO3 thin films with different orientation epitaxial on various oxide bottom electrodes is introduced and a comprehensive study of the growth, structure, and ferroelectric properties of these films is provided. A facile low-cost route to prepare large-area high-quality epitaxial BFO thin films with a comprehensive understanding of the film thickness, stoichiometry, crystal orientation, ferroelectric properties, and bottom electrode effects on evolutions of microstructures is provided. This work paves the way for the fabrication of devices based on BiFeO3 thin films.

Current status of organophosphorus pesticide residues in root and rhizome medicinal materials and research progress of rapid detection methods / 中国中药杂志

The medicinal plants with roots and rhizomes as the medicinal parts account for about 1/3 of Chinese medicinal herbs. Root and rhizome medicinal materials are widely used in clinical practice, whereas their wild resource reserves are insufficient to meet the market demand. With the expansion of planting areas, the formation of large-scale production areas, and the increase in planting years, diseases and insect pests of these medicinal plants, which are diverse and have broad transmission routes, strong concealment, and heavy damage, have become more and more serious. The prevention and control of these diseases and insect pests is characterized by multiple ways of pesticide application, large consumption of pesticides, susceptibility to soil barrier, difficulty in the control, and unstable control efficiency. Organophosphorus pesticides(OPPs) are widely used in the cultivation of Chinese medicinal plants because of their diverse varieties, broad-spectrum, good efficacy, and low residues, and have a positive effect on the yield and quality of Chinese medicinal materials. However, the abuse of OPPs not only increases the planting cost, but also affects the quality and safety of Chinese medicinal plants, the safety of clinical use of Chinese medicine, and the ecological safety of production areas. This paper reviewed the research and development progress of OPPs, the registration status of OPPs used in root and rhizome medicinal materials, residue limit standards, residue status, and rapid detection technology progress of OPPs. This review aims to provide research ideas and references for standardizing the use of OPPs in root and rhizome medicinal materials, reducing OPP residues, and establishing a fast, efficient, accurate, and reliable method for the detection of OPP residues in Chinese herbal medicine.

Navigation Doppler lidar sensor for precision landing of China's Chang'E-5 lunar lander.

Lidar technology is playing an important role in the application of autonomous navigation and hazard avoidance for the landing and cruising exploration on planetary bodies, such as landing on the moon, Mars, and asteroids. We report a Doppler lidar developed for Chang'E-5 mission in this paper. To meet high reliability and resource constraints, time-sharing measuring and in-phase and quadrature processing in this Doppler lidar system was provided and tested. Compared with the traditional linear frequency modulated systems, this lidar system provides excellent detection probabilities of false alarms, especially for the determination of velocity directions. Flight and vibration tests and plume experiments were carried out to further demonstrate the performance and feasibility during the landing mission in late 2020.

Facile C-N coupling of coordinated ammonia and labile carbonyl or acetonitrile promoted by a thiolate-bridged dicobalt reaction scaffold.

At low temperature, interaction of the thiolate-bridged dicobalt carbonyl complex [Cp*Co(i)(µ-SEt)2(CO)CoCp*][I] (Cp* = η5-C5Me5) (1) with NH3 resulted in the C-N coupling of the coordinated CO and amido group that originate from ammonia activation to afford a dicobalt formylamino complex [Cp*Co(µ-SEt)2(µ-η1:η1-O[double bond, length as m-dash]CNH2)CoCp*][I] (2). Interestingly, at relatively high temperatures, the labile CO ligand was replaced by NH3 to give a thiolate-bridged dicobalt ammonia complex [Cp*Co(i)(µ-SEt)2(NH3)CoCp*][I] (3). Subsequently, in the presence of the dehalogenation reagent AgPF6, the Co2S2 scaffold can simultaneously activate NH3 and MeCN to produce the complex [Cp*Co(MeCN)(µ-SEt)2(NH3)CoCp*][PF6]2 (4). Furthermore, in the presence of NaOEt, the facile occurrence of the intramolecular cyclization led to the formation of acetamidino-bridged dicobalt complex [Cp*Co(µ-SEt)2(µ-η1:η1-NH(CCH3)NH)CoCp*][PF6] (5), which may proceed through the nucleophilic attack of amido from NH3 to coordinated MeCN followed by the hydrogen atom transfer process. In the presence of MeCN, treatment of 5 with HBF4 released the corresponding [MeC(NH2)NH2]BF4; meanwhile, the [Co2S2] core structural scaffold remained. In this Co2S2 reaction system, the cooperative activation effect between the two cobalt centers plays an important role for NH3 activation and functionalization.

Thiolate-Bridged Dicobalt Complexes Bearing Hydrazine, Hydrazido, and Diazenido Ligands: Synthesis, Structural Characterization, and Interconversion.

Synthetic di- or multimetallic complexes bearing NxHy nitrogenous ligands in a sulfur-rich coordination environment have attracted considerable attention due to their importance in evaluating the complex mechanism of biological nitrogen fixation. Herein, we report a series of thiolate-bridged dicobalt NxHy species obtained by treatment of CoIIICoIII precursor with hydrazine and its substituted derivatives at ambient temperature. Remarkably, when the substituent is the cyclohexyl group, the resulting species can interconvert through different pathways. This Co2S2 skeleton provides a new model system for obtaining valuable information about the early N2Hx-bound intermediate species during the catalytic cycle of nitrogenase.

Metabonomics Analysis on Different Varieties of Angelica sinensis Based on UPLC-Q-TOF-MS / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective::To establish differential metabolites between different varieties of Angelica sinensis, and provide reference for breeding, introduction, regional cultivation and ecological cultivation of new varieties of A. sinensis. Method::Comprehensive non-target metabonomics analysis was conducted for five new varieties of A. sinensis collected at the same time from the same origin: Mingui No. 1 (MG1), Mingui No. 2 (MG2), Mingui No. 4 (MG4), Mingui No. 5 (MG5), and Mingui No. 6 (MG6). The 50% methanol extract of each variety was taken, and then the differential metabolites among varieties were found by using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS), software Progenesis QI, principal component analysis (PCA), partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), and non-targeted metabonomics analysis. Differential metabolites were identified based on precise molecular weight, secondary fragments, KEGG database, HMDE database and related literature information. Result::The results of UPLC-Q-TOF-MS and multivariate statistical analysis showed that there were significant differences in the metabolites of five Angelica varieties. As compared with MG1, the contents of chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid, tryptophan and ferulic aldehyde were significantly lower in MG2, MG4, MG5 and MG6, while the contents of ligustilide, coumarin, bovine keratin, palmitin, protocatechualdehyde and linolenic acid were significantly higher (P<0.05). The results of multivariate statistical analysis showed that the metabolites of MG2 and MG5 were similar with those of MG6, but were significantly different from those of MG4.In addition, 38 distinct metabolites were identified, involving 7 potential targeted metabolic pathways. Different varieties of A. sinensis could regulate the synthesis of their metabolites through phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and sesquiterpene-like compounds metabolism, lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, nucleotide metabolism, carotenoids, linolenic acid, linoleic acid and some other metabolic pathways. Conclusion::UPLC-Q-TOF-MS and Progenesis QI metabonomics techniques were used to compare the chemical constituents of different varieties of A. sinensis from the overall level. The differences and their regularities were found, which could provide reference for quality control, variety sorting, identification, breeding and ecological planting of A. sinensis.

Soil ecological effect of attapulgite and its application prospect in ecological planting of Chinese materia medica / 中国中药杂志

The long-term and extensive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in the cultivation of Chinese materia medica has resulted in serious soil ecological and environmental problems such as secondary salinization, soil consolidation, soil acidification, continuous cropping obstacles, micro-ecological imbalance, and serious soil pests and diseases in the production areas of Chinese materia medica. Therefore, promoting the ecological planting of Chinese materia medica is the only way for the production of Chinese materia medica. Attapulgite(ATP) is a kind of water-rich magnesium-rich aluminosilicate clay mineral with layered and chain structure. It has abundant reserves in China, possesses nano-material properties, strong adsorption and ion exchange properties, and has huge high value utilization space. ATP and its functional products have the potential of water and fertilizer conservation, regulating soil structure and micro-ecology, and are widely used in ecological planting of Chinese materia medica. This paper reviews the resource distribution, structural characteristics, the research and application progress in soil ecological effects of ATP, and prospects the application prospects of it in the ecological planting of Chinese materia medica.

Low Thermal Expansion Modulated by Off-Stoichiometric Effect in Nonstoichiometric Laves Phase Hf0.87Ta0.13Fe2+x Compounds.

Materials with a low coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) are extremely demanded in many fields, varying from microelectronics to space technology. Here we report a novel method to achieve low CTE, which differs essentially from the conventional way that uses additives with negative thermal expansion (NTE) to compensate for the positive CTE of the matrix. The stoichiometric Hf0.87Ta0.13Fe2+x (x = 0) shows a giant NTE, which is gradually suppressed with increasing x and finally changed to near-zero thermal expansion (ZTE) at x ≈ 0.4. The excess Fe was suggested to form anti-site defects by occupying the 4f sites. As revealed by electron spin resonance (ESR) spectra, the weakened NTE is closely related to a slower ferromagnetic (FM) ordering process than observed at x = 0. In addition, the CTE can be further tuned by introducing an extra α-Fe phase to achieve a low CTE (e.g., 3.3 ppm/K for x = 1.0) with markedly enhanced mechanical properties, beneficial to applications.

Strong Electron-Phonon Coupling in the Excitonic Insulator Ta2NiSe5.

An excitonic insulating (EI) state is a fantastic correlated electron phase in condensed matter physics, driven by screened electron-hole interaction. Ta2NiSe5 is an excitonic insulator with a critical temperature (TC) of 328 K. In the current study, temperature-dependent Raman spectroscopy is used to investigate the phonon vibrations in Ta2NiSe5. The following observations were made: (1) an abnormal blue shift around TC is observed, which originates from the monoclinic to orthorhombic structural phase transition; (2) the splitting of a mode and two new Raman modes at 147 and 235 cm-1 have been observed with the formation of an EI state. With the help of first-principles calculations and temperature-dependent X-ray diffraction (XRD) experiments, it is found that the TaSe6 octahedra are "frozen" and the NiSe4 tetrahedra are greatly distorted below TC. Thus, it seems that the distortion of NiSe4 tetrahedra plays an important role in the strong electron-phonon coupling (EPC) in Ta2NiSe5, while the strong EPC, coupled with electron-hole interaction, opens the energy gap to form the EI state in Ta2NiSe5.

KLF5 and MYC modulated LINC00346 contributes to gastric cancer progression through acting as a competing endogeous RNA and indicates poor outcome.

It was found in this study that long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 346 (LINC00346) was an lncRNA aberrantly expressed in gastric cancer (GC) based on multiple Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases of GC cohorts. The LINC00346 gene was recurrently amplified and upregulated in GC, and its expression was positively correlated with poor pathologic stage, large tumor size, and poor prognosis. In addition, the oncogenic transcription factors KLF5 and MYC could bind to the LINC00346 promoter and enhance its expression. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) in the GEO datasets revealed that cell cycle and focal adhesion genes were enriched in patients with high LINC00346 expression. In vitro and in vivo assays of LINC00346 alterations revealed a complex integrated phenotype affecting cell growth, migration and invasion. Strikingly, high-throughput sequencing analysis after LINC00346 alterations highlighted alterations in cell cycle and focal adhesion pathways in GC cells. Mechanistically, argonaute 2 (Ago2) was recruited by LINC00346, which functioned as a molecular sponge for miR-34a-5p by antagonizing its ability to repress CD44, NOTCH1, and AXL protein translation. Taken together, our findings support a model in which the KLF5, MYC/LINC00346/miR-34a-5p cross-talk served as critical effectors in GC tumorigenesis and progression, suggesting a new therapeutic direction in the treatment of GC.

EZH2-mediated epigenetic suppression of EphB3 inhibits gastric cancer proliferation and metastasis by affecting E-cadherin and vimentin expression.

EphB3 is a member of the EPH family of receptors and has been found to play a role in the carcinogenesis of some human cancers. However, its expression and clinical significance in gastric cancer (GC) have not been well documented. In the present study, we detected the expression of EphB3 in GC and adjacent noncancerous tissues and explored its relationships with the clinicopathological features and prognosis of GC patients. It was found that EphB3 silenced GC cells epigenetically by direct transcriptional repression of GC cells via polycomb group protein EZH2 mediation. EphB3 was downregulated in GC cells and tissues, and EphB3 depletion promoted GC cell growth and invasion, while ectopic overexpression of EphB3 produced a significant anti-tumor effect. EphB3 was found to be involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transition by regulating E-cadherin and vimentin expression. In addition, patients with reduced EphB3 expression had shorter disease-free survival (DFS), indicating that EphB3 may prove to be a biomarker for prognosis of GC. These results demonstrated that EphB3 functioned as a tumor-suppressor and prognostic biomarker in GC.

Isotropic Low Thermal Expansion over a Wide Temperature Range in Ti1- xZr xF3+ x (0.1 ≤ x ≤ 0.5) Solid Solutions.

TiF3 exhibits a rhombohedral to ReO3-type cubic phase transformation at ∼340 K. Here we report that, by introducing ZrF4 into TiF3, the cubic phase is stabilized at least down to 123 K in the Ti1- xZr xF3+ x compounds. All compounds exhibit low thermal expansion (LTE) between 123 and 623 K, and a nearly zero thermal expansion (ZTE) was obtained in Ti0.7Zr0.3F3.3 (αL = 0.91 ppm/K). The analysis of pair distribution function reveals that the cation-centered octahedra are partially changed to pentagonal bipyramids in Ti1- xZr xF3+ x due to the excess fluorines relative to the case of TiF3. Therefore, the cooperative rotation of the polyhedra tends to be restricted, and the cubic phase is thus stabilized. The restrained polyhedral rotations compete against the lattice softening caused by the introduction of Zr4+, giving rise to the LTE. Our present strategy is applicable to other rhombohedral metal trifluorides for the design of new isotropic ZTE materials.

Upregulation of the long noncoding RNA FOXD2-AS1 promotes carcinogenesis by epigenetically silencing EphB3 through EZH2 and LSD1, and predicts poor prognosis in gastric cancer.

Accumulating data indicate that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) serve as important modulators in biological processes and are dysregulated in diverse tumors. The function of FOXD2-AS1 in gastric cancer (GC) progression and related biological mechanisms remain undefined. A comprehensive analysis identified that FOXD2-AS1 enrichment was upregulated markedly in GC and positively correlated with a large tumor size, a later pathologic stage, and a poor prognosis. Gene-set enrichment analysis (GSEA) in GEO datasets uncovered that cell cycle and DNA replication associated genes were enriched in patients with high FOXD2-AS1 expression. Loss of FOXD2-AS1 function inhibited cell growth via inhibiting the cell cycle in GC, whereas upregulation of FOXD2-AS1 expression promoted cancer progression. The enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) and lysine (K)-specific demethylase 1A (LSD1) proteins were found to serve as binding partners of FOXD2-AS1 and mediators of FOXD2-AS1 function. Mechanically, FOXD2-AS1 promoted GC tumorigenesis partly through EZH2 and LSD1 mediated EphB3 downregulation. The present results revealed that FOXD2-AS1 acted as a tumor inducer in GC partly through EphB3 inhibition by direct interaction with EZH2 and LSD1, and may prove to be a potential biomarker of carcinogenesis.