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1.
Aten Primaria ; 32(8): 475-80, 2003 Nov 15.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14636505

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of an innovative programme to promote physical activity (PEPAF) introduced into the daily consultations of the family doctor. DESIGN: Clinical trial with control, randomised for groups of 100 patients seen by one of the 70 doctors taking part, allocated to two parallel groups and monitored for 24 months.Setting. 13 primary care centres coordinated through the Network of Research into Preventive and Health Promotion Activities conducted in primary care. PARTICIPANTS: Sample with probability of 7000 sedentary patients, selected from among those who consulted for any reason their family doctor during the third quarter of 2003. Patients with cardiovascular disease or other problems meaning that exercise could cause adverse effects will be excluded. INTERVENTIONS: The doctors allocated to the PEPAF will design a plan of physical activity with those patients prepared to make the change. Those not prepared to will be briefly counselled and given material to help them. All will be monitored at random. The control group doctors will postpone any systematic intervention on exercise until after 2005, excepting those patients whose health problem is directly related to a sedentary life-style. MEASUREMENTS: The main measurement of results will be the increase in the level of physical activity from the base measurement to those at 3, 6, 12 and 24 months, using 7-day physical activity recall. Health-related quality of life (SF 36) and physical fitness will also be measured. Variables that might be predictive or confusing, such as sex, age, comorbidity, social class, etc., will be considered. Analysis. The average changes observed in the two groups will be compared, on the basis of intention to treat, through analysis of covariance. We will use mixed-effect models able to cover the intra-patient, intra-doctor and intra-centre correlation.


Assuntos
Exercício Físico , Promoção da Saúde/métodos , Avaliação de Programas e Projetos de Saúde/métodos , Humanos
2.
Aten. prim. (Barc., Ed. impr.) ; 32(8): 475-480, nov. 2003.
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-29768

RESUMO

Objetivos. Evaluar la efectividad de un innovador programa de promoción de la actividad física (PEPAF) implantado en la consulta diaria del médico de familia. Diseño. Ensayo clínico controlado y aleatorizado por conglomerados de 100 pacientes, atendidos por cada uno de los 70 médicos colaboradores, asignados a dos grupos paralelos y seguidos durante 24 meses. Emplazamiento. Trece centros de atención primaria coordinados a través de la Red de Investigación en Actividades Preventivas y de Promoción de la Salud realizadas en Atención Primaria (redIAPP).Participantes. Muestra probabilística de 7.000 pacientes sedentarios, seleccionada entre todos los que consulten por cualquier motivo a su médico de familia durante el tercer trimestre de 2003. Se excluirán los pacientes con enfermedades cardiovasculares u otros problemas en los que el ejercicio pudiera provocar efectos adversos. Intervenciones. Los médicos asignados al PEPAF diseñarán un plan de actividad física con los pacientes preparados para el cambio. A los no preparados les aconsejarán brevemente y les entregarán materiales de ayuda. Todos serán objeto de un seguimiento oportunista. Los médicos del grupo control pospondrán cualquier intervención sistemática sobre el ejercicio hasta después de 2005, excepto con los pacientes cuyo problema de salud esté directamente relacionado con el sedentarismo. Mediciones. La principal medida de resultados será el incremento en el nivel de actividad física, entre la medición basal y la realizada a los 3, 6, 12 y 24 meses, medida con el 7-day Physical Activity Recall. Se medirá también la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (SF-36) y la forma física. Se considerarán las variables predictoras y de confusión, como el sexo, la edad, la comorbilidad, la clase social, etc. Análisis. Se compararán los cambios promedio observados en ambos grupos, según la intención de tratar, mediante análisis de la covarianza. Usaremos modelos de efectos mixtos para tener en cuenta la correlación intrasujeto, intramédico e intracentro (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Exercício Físico , Promoção da Saúde , Avaliação de Programas e Projetos de Saúde
3.
World J Surg ; 25(5): 585-91, 2001 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11369984

RESUMO

The aim of this study was to ascertain postoperative changes in immunoglobulin E (IgE) in patients undergoing different types of surgery and the possible correlation with the duration and type of surgery. Evidence suggests that surgery induces a predominant activation pattern through the T-helper-2 (Th2) cell pathway, increasing interleukins (IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-13), inhibiting Th1 cell activation, and promoting B and Th2 cell activation. IgE production may indicate predominant Th2 pathway activation and may be a more persistent and easily measurable postoperative marker than IL-6 for measuring surgical trauma. Altogether, 180 patients undergoing different types of surgery for nonneoplastic and nonparasitic diseases were studied. All patients received the same type of anesthesia. Before surgery and on the first (1PO) and 7th (7PO) postoperative days we determined in peripheral blood the CD3, CD4, CD8, CD16, and CD19 cell percentages; IL-1, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) levels; and the IgA, IgG, IgM, total IgE, C3, C4, and CIC levels. On 1PO, all variables decreased except IgE, IL-1, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, CIC, and CD19. Only IgE, IL-6, and CD19 increases showed a significantly statistical (ss) difference regarding preoperative values (0.01, 0.05, 0.001, respectively). Relations between the IL-4 and IgE increases (p < 0.01) and between the IgG decrease and IgE increase (p < 0.001) were found. On 7PO, only IgE was increased (p < 0.001). The IgE increase correlated with surgical trauma intensity (p < 0.05). We concluded that IgE increases during the early postoperative period, correlating with surgical injury intensity. The increase in the IgE level may be detected 24 hours after surgery and during the first 7 postoperative days depending on the type of surgery.


Assuntos
Procedimentos Cirúrgicos do Sistema Biliar , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Cardiovasculares , Imunoglobulina E/sangue , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Torácicos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Vasculares , Adulto , Antígenos CD/sangue , Feminino , Humanos , Imunoglobulinas/sangue , Interleucinas/sangue , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Período Pós-Operatório
4.
Prev Med ; 32(1): 13-22, 2001 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11162322

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Primary care physicians have a unique opportunity to deliver preventive services, but a desired level of involvement is not always attained. METHODS: We analyzed self-reported preventive activity in a stratified random sample of 635 primary care physicians to determine how often they deliver effective interventions for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome as well as to assess factors associated with a greater implementation of preventive activity in routine practice. RESULTS: More than 63% reported to ask about tobacco use or alcohol consumption or to check blood pressure to most of their new patients. On the other hand, only 33% asked about intravenous drug use, 14% about sexually transmitted diseases, and 6% about the number of sexual partners and less than 33% reported to have an appropriate criterion for any periodic preventive activity in routine daily practice. Correlates of high preventive activity included group practice, specific register of preventive activities, participation in the Program of Preventive Activities of the Spanish Society of Community and Family Medicine, and specific nursing consultation. CONCLUSIONS: Organizational factors could be used to improve preventive activity which is far from being an adequate component of routine general practice especially with regard to human immunodeficiency virus infection and periodic preventive activity for chronic diseases.


Assuntos
Medicina de Família e Comunidade/estatística & dados numéricos , Padrões de Prática Médica/estatística & dados numéricos , Serviços Preventivos de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Adulto , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Modelos Lineares , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Análise Multivariada , Periodicidade , Espanha
5.
Hepatogastroenterology ; 47(34): 1052-5, 2000.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11020877

RESUMO

BACKGROUNDS/AIMS: The aim of this study was to review the clinical presentation and management of patients with intracystic bacterial infection in liver hydatidosis. METHODOLOGY: The records of 480 patients suffering from liver hydatid disease treated at our institution were reviewed. Only 42 patients fulfilled intracystic bacterial infection criteria. We assessed the incidence, clinical and laboratory findings, diagnostic procedures and surgical approach in these cases. RESULTS: The incidence of intracystic bacterial infection was steady throughout the study period. Clinical and laboratory data are non-specific. Diagnostic procedures for intracystic bacterial infection, including liver computed tomography scan, are of limited value. Although both, radical and non-radical surgical approaches, were used in these patients, mortality was associated with non-radical surgery. The morbidity rate was high regardless of the procedure used. CONCLUSIONS: Our current goal in the management of intracystic bacterial infection, if overall condition of the patient is good, is to carry out a total or subtotal cystectomy in order to avoid mortality and hydatid disease relapses.


Assuntos
Infecções Bacterianas/complicações , Equinococose Hepática/complicações , Equinococose Hepática/cirurgia , Adulto , Idoso , Infecções Bacterianas/diagnóstico por imagem , Infecções Bacterianas/epidemiologia , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , Equinococose Hepática/diagnóstico por imagem , Feminino , Humanos , Incidência , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Radiografia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Resultado do Tratamento
7.
Cir. Esp. (Ed. impr.) ; 68(3): 264-267, sept. 2000. ilus, tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-5591

RESUMO

La hidatidosis por Equinococcus granulossus es una parasitosis que afecta principalmente a hígado y pulmón y que en una mínima proporción implica de forma primaria al músculo. Presentamos el caso de una paciente de 60 años intervenida en tres ocasiones de una masa en la cara interna del muslo derecho y que tras llegar al diagnóstico de hidatidosis fue tratada con antihelmínticos durante un largo período, reapareciendo la tumoración al suspenderlos. En este momento acudió a nuestro servicio donde se diagnosticó hidatosis muscular recidivada con fístula a piel. Se practicó intervención radical resecando en bloque la periquística y el trayecto fistuloso. En el seguimiento postoperatorio se apreciaron imágenes quísticas compatibles con reaparición de la enfermedad siendo necesarias nuevas intervenciones que hasta el momento no han logrado una resolución definitiva de la enfermedad. El tratamiento de elección de la hidatidosis en cualquier localización es la resección quirúrgica radical (quistoperiquistectomía), lo que requiere un diagnóstico previo adecuado. Ante una masa quística muscular no se debe olvidar esta localización de la hidatosis, ya que el primer tratamiento que se realice determinará la evolución de una patología benigna que, como en nuestro caso, puede evolucionar con recurrencias múltiples, muy invalidantes y de difícil resolución (AU)


Assuntos
Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Anti-Helmínticos/uso terapêutico , Equinococose/complicações , Equinococose/diagnóstico , Equinococose/cirurgia , Equinococose/tratamento farmacológico , Mebendazol/uso terapêutico , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Fígado/parasitologia , Pulmão/parasitologia , Tórax , Ultrassonografia/classificação , Ultrassonografia , Diagnóstico por Imagem/métodos , Diagnóstico por Imagem
9.
Cir. Esp. (Ed. impr.) ; 67(1): 64-79, ene. 2000.
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-3697

RESUMO

Las lesiones cardíacas penetrantes representan una de las mayores causas de muerte por motivo de la violencia urbana. La mejora de los sistemas de urgencias en los últimos años, junto con la aplicación del principio Scoop and Run son responsables de que muchos de estos pacientes lleguen in extremis a los centros urbanos de trauma. Se ha acumulado una gran experiencia en el tratamiento de estas lesiones desde los primeros intentos de reparación de heridas cardíacas por parte de Cappelen, Farina, Rehn y Hill. La mejora y el perfeccionamiento de las técnicas originales descritas por Beck han llevado a la aparición de numerosos artículos en la bibliografía que describen el tratamiento de dichas lesiones. El conocimiento de que una intervención rápida mejora los resultados nos conduce a la era de la toracotomía en el departamento de urgencias, la vanguardia en los cuidados del trauma, ofreciendo a muchos de estos pacientes la posibilidad de sobrevivir, algo que de otra manera no ocurriría. Se han descrito distintas técnicas de reparación de heridas auriculares y ventriculares, que están en continua revisión. Cada vez más, el empleo de biomateriales como el Teflón adquiere un papel más relevante en la bibliografía, aun a sabiendas de que no existen pruebas de que estas prótesis mejoren la curación y los resultados de las lesiones cardíacas. En las dos últimas décadas, aproximadamente, en la bibliografía inglesa se han descrito unas 30 series de pacientes con heridas cardíacas penetrantes. El análisis de estas series revela que la mayoría de las mismas se componen de estudios retrospectivos y que algunos datos proceden de centros que tratan unos 15 casos de lesiones cardíacas cada año y, además, muchos de estos datos son recopilatorios. Los altos porcentajes de supervivencia que aparecen en artículos recientes tienden a crear una impresión errónea de que la mortalidad por lesiones cardíacas ha disminuido significativamente, cuando esto no es así. En una revisión reciente de la bibliografía desde 1951 a 1986, la mortalidad media por heridas de arma blanca cardíacas era del 16,3 por ciento y por heridas por arma de fuego, en el mismo período de tiempo, del 36 por ciento. Coincidimos en el porcentaje referido para las heridas de arma blanca, pero creemos que la mortalidad comunicada para las heridas por arma de fuego es significativamente baja. Un porcentaje de mortalidad más aceptable fluctuaría entre el 70 y el 80 por ciento de estas lesiones. Creemos que están apareciendo en el horizonte nuevas áreas de investigación, áreas como el impacto de la resucitación prehospitalaria y el tiempo de transporte, así como la posibilidad de la intubación prehospitalaria, que han mejorado los resultados. El uso de la ventana pericárdica subxifoidea en comparación con la nueva modalidad de ecocardiografía 2-D debe ser investigado científica y prospectivamente antes de su abandono prematuro. El papel de la toracotomía en el departamento de urgencias ha sido recientemente cuestionado por algunos autores que opinan que dicha técnica debería desempeñar un papel menos importante en el tratamiento de las lesiones cardíacas. Estos autores citan la ausencia de signos vitales como una contraindicación absoluta para la realización de dicho procedimiento, por la posibilidad potencial de contagio de enfermedades como el sida, y porque el coste del procedimiento no se corresponde con el porcentaje de vidas salvadas. Quizás el desarrollo de estudios científicos prospectivos, como los llevados a cabo por nuestro grupo, aportaría una mejor definición de cuáles son las formas más adecuadas de tratamiento de estas lesiones para establecer un diagnóstico temprano y un tratamiento correcto. Más importante todavía es el análisis estadístico de los factores que influyen en la resucitación inicial de los pacientes con heridas cardíacas. La inclusión de elementos cardiovasculares y respiratorios en los sistemas de puntuación del trauma puede establecer una mejor predicción y, por tanto, una forma más acertada de selección de pacientes subsidiarios de procedimientos agresivos de resucitación, incluyendo la toracotomía en el departamento de urgencias y la cardiorrafia. La probabilidad de éxito en estos procedimientos de resucitación está significativamente relacionada con el mecanismo del trauma, así como con el estado fisiológico del paciente cuando llega al departamento de urgencias.En resumen, deben investigarse científicamente muchos principios y deben identificarse mejores factores de predicción de resultados para excluir a los pacientes que no se beneficiarían de la utilización de estas medidas de resucitación agresiva y diferenciarlos de otros pacientes cuya supervivencia mejoraría significativamente (AU)


Assuntos
História da Medicina , Tamponamento Cardíaco/história , Tamponamento Cardíaco/mortalidade , Ultrassonografia/tendências , Traumatismos Cardíacos/história , Traumatismos Cardíacos/cirurgia , Traumatismos Cardíacos/mortalidade , Toracotomia/história , Toracotomia/mortalidade
10.
Int J Surg Investig ; 1(5): 365-71, 2000.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11341592

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Homologous blood transfusion is associated with immunosuppressive consequences. Some clinical and experimental studies have suggested an immunostimulating action of autologous blood transfusion. The aim of this paper is to ascertain the effects of either homologous blood transfusion or autologous blood transfusion on the lymphocyte subsets and cytokines in a model of intra-abdominal sepsis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: There were three study groups. Group A: 10 Wistar-Furth (WF) rats underwent cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) aimed at causing an intra-abdomial sepsis; Group B: 10 WF rats underwent CLP plus 1 ml homologous blood perioperative transfusion obtained from Fisher-344 rat while Group C: 10 WF rats underwent CLP plus 1 ml autologous blood perioperative transfusion. Changes of peripheral lymphocyte subsets, percentages of total T-lymphocytes (CD3), Helper T-lymphocytes (CD4), supressor/cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CD8), CD4/CD8 ratio, Interleukin-2 receptor expression (IL-2R) and cytokines IL-1 and TNF-alpha were measured in peripheral blood on the preoperative, 1st, 3rd and 7th postsepsis (PO) days. RESULTS: Rats in homologous transfused group showed a decrease of %CD4 on the 3rd PO (from preoperative to 3rd PO;p < 0.01; and from 1st to 3rd PO; p < 0.05) and on the 7th PO (from preoperative to 7th PO; p < 0.05); %CD8 increased from preoperative to 3rd PO (p < 0.05), from 1st to 3rd PO (p < 0.01) and from 1st to 7th PO (p < 0.05). An initial decrease on day 1 (p < 0.01) followed by an increase on the 3rd PO (p < 0.01) with regard to IL-2R and a significant increase of IL-1 levels within the first 24h (p < 0.01). Rats in autologous transfused group showed an increase of %CD3 from preoperative to 7th PO (p < 0.05), and from 3rd to 7th PO (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: We observed that homologous blood transfusions induce a greater alteration in the cellular immune response and of the cascade of cytokines than autologous transfusions. This modulates the variations of the immune response induced by sepsis.


Assuntos
Infecções Bacterianas/terapia , Transfusão de Sangue Autóloga , Imunização , Animais , Infecções Bacterianas/sangue , Infecções Bacterianas/mortalidade , Contagem de Células Sanguíneas , Interleucina-1/sangue , Masculino , Ratos , Ratos Endogâmicos F344 , Ratos Endogâmicos WF , Receptores de Interleucina-2/sangue , Subpopulações de Linfócitos T/patologia , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/análise
11.
Acta Orthop Belg ; 65(4): 521-4, 1999 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10675950

RESUMO

The authors report a case of primary hydatid disease in the lumbar muscles of a 40-year-old male patient. The rarity of this disease in our regions and the low incidence of this location make primary diagnosis difficult. The tumor had been treated elsewhere five years previously by means of simple excision. Recurrence of the lesion was diagnosed five years after the first surgery. Wide excision of the cyst and pericyst with a 3.5-cm security margin was performed. Six years after the last surgery, no recurrence has been detected.


Assuntos
Equinococose/diagnóstico , Doenças Musculares/parasitologia , Adulto , Dorso , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Equinococose/cirurgia , Seguimentos , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Doenças Musculares/cirurgia , Recidiva , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X
13.
J Surg Res ; 80(2): 295-9, 1998 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9878327

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Intrabdominal sepsis and allogeneic blood transfusion have been associated with a depression of the immune response in patients undergoing surgery. Some authors have considered that an already immunocompromised host is probably primed for a potential detrimental effect of allogeneic blood. The aim of this paper is to ascertain the effects of allogeneic blood transfusion on the lymphocyte subsets and cytokines in septic rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty rats were allotted into three groups: Sham-CLP, anesthesia and laparotomy; CLP, cecal ligation and puncture; CLP+BT, CLP and allogeneic blood transfusion. Preoperatively and on the 1st, 3rd, and 7th postoperative days, the cell percentages of lymphocyte subpopulations, the IL-2 receptor expression, and the IL-1, IL-2, TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma were measured in blood by flow cytometry and ELISA: RESULTS: CLP+BT rats showed on Day 3 a decrease of the CD4+%, an increase of the IL-2R expression directly correlated to the increase of the CD8+% phenotype, a steady increase of IL-1 levels, a decrease of the TNF-alpha levels on the 1st and 3rd days, and a decrease of the IL-2 and IFN-gamma on Day 1. CONCLUSIONS: An accumulative effect of the immunodepression induced by sepsis was observed when allogeneic blood transfusion is added. Blood transfusion + sepsis induces an extensive impairment on cellular immune response and an initial cytokine downregulation, except for IL-1.


Assuntos
Citocinas/sangue , Tolerância Imunológica , Sepse/imunologia , Sepse/terapia , Reação Transfusional , Animais , Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/imunologia , Linfócitos T CD8-Positivos/imunologia , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Humanos , Imunidade Celular , Interferon gama/sangue , Interleucina-1/sangue , Interleucina-2/sangue , Masculino , Ratos , Ratos Endogâmicos F344 , Ratos Endogâmicos WF , Receptores de Interleucina-2/metabolismo , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/metabolismo
14.
Clin Exp Immunol ; 106(2): 317-22, 1996 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8918579

RESUMO

Cytokines play an important role in the human immunological response, but the exact role of cytokines in the human immune response against parasites, especially against Echinococcus granulosus, remains unclear. IL-1, IL-2, IL-4 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF) levels in peripheral blood of 21 patients with liver hydatidosis were evaluated before surgical treatment, and the levels of IgA, IgM, IgG, IgE, specific IgE against E. granulosus, C3, C4 and DF complement fractions and CD20, CD3, CD4, CD8 and CD16 cell percentages were also determined, as was the relationship between these variables and cytokine levels. Data from hydatid patients were compared with data obtained from 21 healthy volunteers. Hydatid patients showed increases of IgG, IgE, IgEs and IL-2 (P < 0.01), and decreases of IL-1 and TNF levels (P < 0.001), but these variables (respectively) increased in patients showing cysts in the central area of the liver or with a wide opening of cysts in the biliary tract. The increase of IL-1, IL-2 and IL-4 showed a close relationship with the number, characteristics and above all the location of cysts within the liver itself. IgG and IL-4 levels and also IgG and IgE levels showed a significant correlation (P < 0.05).


Assuntos
Anticorpos Anti-Helmínticos/biossíntese , Citocinas/sangue , Equinococose Hepática/imunologia , Echinococcus/imunologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Animais , Formação de Anticorpos , Antígenos CD/análise , Antígenos de Helmintos/imunologia , Proteínas do Sistema Complemento/análise , Feminino , Humanos , Imunoglobulinas/análise , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Subpopulações de Linfócitos T/imunologia
15.
Eur J Epidemiol ; 11(2): 157-61, 1995 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7672069

RESUMO

A cross-sectional serological survey was carried out in the Madrid Autonomous Region (Comunidad de Madrid) in order to study and describe canine leishmaniasis epidemiology. The presence of leishmaniasis-specific antibodies was ascertained by immunofluorescence testing, 591 dogs were screened, revealing a prevalence of 5.25% (95% confidence interval 7.4-3.6), with no difference being encountered between rural and periurban areas. Age-specific prevalence exhibits a peak at 2-3 years and another at 7-8 years. Incidence or force of infection by occupation is as follows: pet dogs 0.059 (95% confidence interval 0.009-0.108) and working dogs 0.035 (95% confidence interval 0.012-0.057), there being a ratio between infection rates of 1.7, viz., indicating a 70% greater risk of infection among pet than among working dogs. The basic case reproduction number R0 is 1.06, suggesting that very intense control measures would not be needed for a drop in prevalence and incidence of infection to be achieved.


Assuntos
Doenças do Cão/epidemiologia , Doenças do Cão/parasitologia , Leishmaniose/epidemiologia , Leishmaniose/veterinária , Fatores Etários , Animais , Animais Domésticos , Anticorpos Antiprotozoários/análise , Intervalos de Confiança , Estudos Transversais , Suscetibilidade a Doenças , Doenças do Cão/imunologia , Cães , Feminino , Imunofluorescência , Incidência , Leishmaniose/imunologia , Masculino , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , Espanha/epidemiologia
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