Hospital care for adolescents with cancer in Spain: Needs, resources and organisational model.

In Spain, adolescents with cancer are treated in Pediatric Onco-Hematology Units or in Adult Oncology Units. For this reason, the Spanish Federation of Parents of Children with Cancer carried out two surveys in 2013 and 2014 to know the differences in provision of psico-social services to the patients and their relatives among both types of Units. Twenty eight Pediatric and 18 Adult Units provided information. The results showed that the Pediatric Units were better adapted to the needs of the adolescent and family patients and to Spanish Health Authorities recommendations: more appropriate environment, resources for education and leisure, facilities to parents and relatives. Specialized Psycosocial care by psychologists and social workers is insufficient in both cases and the compliance with national and international recommendations is weak. However, specific adolescents' Units are starting to be created in Spain, following the experiences in other countries that define the new role of nurse as an essential linchpin in the care team.

Hospital care for adolescents with cancer in Spain: Needs, resources and organisational model. / Atención hospitalaria a adolescentes con cáncer en España: necesidades, recursos y modelo organizativo.

In Spain, adolescents with cancer are treated in paediatric onco-haematology units or in adult oncologyunits. For this reason, the Spanish Federation of Parents of Children with Cancer carried out 2 surveys, one in 2013 and other in 2014, to determine the differences in provision of psycho-social services to the patients and their relatives between the 2 types of units. Twenty-eight paediatric and 18 adult units provided information. The results showed that the paediatric units were better adapted to the needs of the adolescent and family patients and to Spanish health authority recommendations: more appropriate environment, resources for education and leisure, facilities for parents and relatives. Specialised psycho-social care from psychologists and social workers is insufficient in both cases and the compliance with national and international recommendations is weak. However, specific units for adolescents are starting to be created in Spain, following the experiences in other countries that define the new role of the nurse as an essential linchpin in the care team.

Intervención familiar en diagnóstico reciente e inicio de tratamiento del cáncer infantil / No disponible

La oncología pediátrica supone un campo de desarrollo profesional donde la figura del psicólogo desempeña importantes funciones. A lo largo del artículo se describen distintos aspectos psicosociales del abordaje sistémico del cáncer infantil. En primer lugar, se resumen los principales aspectos biológicos del cáncer y se ofrece una revisión de los presupuestos teóricos necesarios para el estudio y comprensión de estas realidades familiares donde se profundiza en el Modelo Psicosocial de Enfermedad (Rolland, 2000). Asimismo, se revisan los principales factores de riesgo y protección en las familias con un hijo con cáncer infantil y se exponen diferentes consideraciones con respecto a la comunicación del diagnóstico y la adaptación a la hospitalización. A partir de nuestra experiencia clínica en la planta de oncología pediátrica del Hospital «Virgen del Rocío» de Sevilla, en este trabajo se presenta un protocolo de actuación profesional que sistematiza la intervención psicológica orientada a ayudar a estas familias. En concreto, este protocolo describe la intervención psicológica llevada a cabo en el diagnóstico reciente y en el inicio del tratamiento del cáncer infantil, estructurando los diferentes objetivos a los que es necesario dar respuesta. Finalmente, se discuten diferentes consideraciones prácticas al hilo del protocolo descrito

Pediatric oncology is an area for professional development where the psychologist performs a crucial role. Different psycho-social aspects of the systemic approach to childhood cancer are described throughout this article. The first part summarizes the main biological aspects of cancer, followed by a review of the theoretical premises required for the study and understanding of these familiar realities, deepening on the Psychosocial Typology of Illness (Rolland, 2000). Furthermore, there is a review of the main risk and protection factors in families with one child with childhood cancer and also the exposition of different considerations related to the communication of the diagnosis and the adaptation to the hospitalization. In this article, a professional action protocol systematizing the psychological intervention intended to help this type of families is presented. This protocol is based on our personal clinical experience in the Paediatric Oncology Unit at Hospital «Virgen del Rocío» in Seville (Spain). Particularly, in this protocol the psychological intervention that take place during the diagnosis and at the beginning of the treatment of patients with childhood cancer is described, according to the proposed objectives. Finally, different practical considerations are discussed related to the described protocol

Orientación y psicoterapia familiar con niños y adolescentes con enfermedad crónica / No disponible

El diagnóstico de una enfermedad crónica en un hijo es un acontecimiento que alterael funcionamiento de la familia. En algunas ocasiones es necesaria la intervención de losprofesionales de la psicología. Estas familias se enfrentan a situaciones estresantes quepueden afectarles a nivel individual, conyugal y/o familiar. Las técnicas de orientacióny terapia familiar son instrumentos muy útiles para abordar estos casos. En el presentetrabajo, nos centraremos en la descripción, explicación y comprensión del funcionamientode una familia con una adolescente que fue diagnosticada de cáncer. Desarrollaremosaspectos de la fase final de la intervención psicoterapeutica en las que se trataron dificultadesrelativas al curso crónico de la enfermedad y a la reincorporación a la vidacotidiana tras la finalización del tratamiento oncológico(AU)

A child chronic illness diagnosis is an event that disturbs the family functioning.Sometimes is necessary an psychologists intervention. These families cope stressfulsituations that may hurt them in an individual, conjugal or family level. Orientation andFamily Therapy techniques are very useful tools to broach these cases. This paper regardto the description, explanation and understanding of a teenager cancer diagnosed on 2004family functioning. We will try to develop some final phase aspects of the psychotherapyintervention where were treat some difficulties that concern to the illness chronic courseand the re-entry in the normal life after the oncological treatment finish(AU)