Simplified PI-RADS (S-PI-RADS) for biparametric MRI to detect and manage prostate cancer: What urologists need to know.

Biparametric magnetic resonance imaging (bpMRI) of the prostate has emerged as an alternative to multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) for the detection of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa). However, while the Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) is widely known for mpMRI, a proper PI-RADS for bpMRI has not yet been adopted. In this review, we report the current status and the future directions of bpMRI, and propose a simplified PI-RADS (S-PI-RADS) that could help radiologists and urologists in the detection and management of PCa.

Round table: arguments in supporting abbreviated or biparametric MRI of the prostate protocol.

Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) version 2.1 update, in the attempt to improve clinical guidelines for multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) of the prostate, has clear limitations. The role of dynamic contrast-enhanced sequences is not defined, precise guidance on the clinical management (biopsy or clinical surveillance) for score 3 lesions [equivocal for clinical significant prostate cancer (sPCa)] is not offered and criteria for lesions interpretation remain difficult and subjective. We report criteria and arguments in supporting the use of abbreviated or biparametric prostate MRI protocol in clinical practice for detection and management of PCa.

A Case of Fatal Cerebral Air Embolism After Blunt Lung Trauma: Postmortem Computed Tomography and Autopsy Findings.

Cerebral air embolism is caused by gas bubbles in the vascular system. These bubbles can cause cerebral ischemia by obstructing encephalic blood vessels. It is frequently associated with blunt and penetrating chest trauma as well as iatrogenic interventions. Lung trauma involving laceration of the respiratory tract, lung parenchyma, and blood vessels may result in direct communication of these structures, driving air or gas into the pulmonary venous system. We report a case of a blunt chest trauma that led to massive arterial air embolism that was possible to recognize with the help of postmortem computed tomographic scan examination.

750 GeV Diphoton Excess from the Goldstino Superpartner.

We interpret the diphoton excess recently reported by the ATLAS and CMS Collaborations as a new resonance arising from the sgoldstino scalar, which is the superpartner of the Goldstone mode of spontaneous supersymmetry breaking, the goldstino. The sgoldstino is produced at the LHC via gluon fusion and decays to photons, with interaction strengths proportional to the corresponding gaugino masses over the supersymmetry breaking scale. Fitting the excess, while evading bounds from searches in the dijet, Zγ, ZZ, and WW final states, selects the supersymmetry breaking scale to be a few TeV and particular ranges for the gaugino masses. The two real scalars, corresponding to the CP-even and CP-odd parts of the complex sgoldstino, both have narrow widths, but their masses can be split of the order of 10-30 GeV by electroweak mixing corrections, which could account for the preference of a wider resonance width in the current low-statistics data. In the parameter space under consideration, tree level F-term contributions to the Higgs mass arise, in addition to the standard D-term contribution proportional to the Z-boson mass, which can significantly enhance the tree level Higgs mass.

Composite Heavy Vector Triplet in the ATLAS Diboson Excess.

Vector triplets of the standard model SU(2)_{L} group are a universal prediction of "natural" new physics models involving a new composite sector and are therefore among the most plausible new particles that the LHC could discover. We consider the possibility that one such triplet could account for the ATLAS excess in the boson-tagged jets analysis and we assess the compatibility of this hypothesis with all other relevant searches. We find that the hypothesis is not excluded and that the predicted signal is close to the expected sensitivity of several channels, some of which show an upper fluctuation of the observed limit while others do not. An accurate study of the signal compatibility with these fluctuations could only be performed by the experimental collaborations.

Monojetlike Searches for Top Squarks with a b Tag.

The LHC searches for light compressed top squarks have resulted in considerable bounds in the case where the top squark decays to a neutralino and a charm quark. However, in the case where the top squark decays to a neutralino, a bottom quark, and two fermions via an off-shell W boson, there is currently a significant unconstrained region in the top-squark-neutralino mass plane, still allowing for top squark masses in the range 90-140 GeV. In this Letter we propose a new monojetlike search for light top squarks, optimized for the four-body decay mode, in which at least one b-tagged jet is required. We show that, by using the existing 8 TeV LHC data set, such a search would cover the entire unconstrained region. Moreover, in the process of validating our tools against an ATLAS monojet search, we show that the existing limit can be extended to exclude also top squark masses below 100 GeV.