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4.
Sci Total Environ ; 826: 154111, 2022 Jun 20.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35218827

RESUMO

Water availability controls the functioning of dryland ecosystems, driving a patchy vegetation distribution, unequal nutrient availability, soil respiration in pulses, and limited productivity. Groundwater-dependent ecosystems (GDEs) are acknowledged to be decoupled from precipitation, since their vegetation relies on groundwater sources. Despite their relevance to enhance productivity in drylands, our understanding of how different components of GDEs interconnect (i.e., soil, vegetation, water) remains limited. We studied the GDE dominated by the deep-rooted phreatophyte Ziziphus lotus, a winter-deciduous shrub adapted to arid conditions along the Mediterranean basin. We aimed to disentangle whether the groundwater connection established by Z. lotus will foster soil biological activity and therefore soil fertility in drylands. We assessed (1) soil and vegetation dynamics over seasons (soil CO2 efflux and plant activity), (2) the effect of the patchy distribution on soil quality (properties and nutrient availability), and soil biological activity (microbial biomass and mineralization rates) as essential elements of biogeochemical cycles, and (3) the implications for preserving GDEs and their biogeochemical processes under climate change effects. We found that soil and vegetation dynamics respond to water availability. Whereas soil biological activity promptly responded to precipitation events, vegetation functioning relies on less superficial water and responded on different time scales. Soil quality was higher under the vegetation patches, as was soil biological activity. Our findings highlight the importance of groundwater connections and phreatophytic vegetation to increase litter inputs and organic matter into the soils, which in turn enhances soil quality and decomposition processes in drylands. However, biogeochemical processes are jeopardized in GDEs by climate change effects and land degradation due to the dependence of soil activity on: (1) precipitation for activation, and (2) phreatophytic vegetation for substrate accumulation. Therefore, desertification might modify biogeochemical cycles by disrupting key ecosystem processes such as soil microbial activity, organic matter mineralization, and plant productivity.


Assuntos
Ecossistema , Água Subterrânea , Mudança Climática , Plantas/metabolismo , Solo/química , Água/metabolismo
5.
Oecologia ; 196(4): 1179-1193, 2021 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34331567

RESUMO

Water is the main limiting factor for groundwater-dependent ecosystems (GDEs) in drylands. Predicted climate change (precipitation reductions and temperature increases) and anthropogenic activities such as groundwater drawdown jeopardise the functioning of these ecosystems, presenting new challenges for their management. We developed a trait-based analysis to examine the spatiotemporal variability in the ecophysiology of Ziziphus lotus, a long-lived phreatophyte that dominates one of the few terrestrial GDEs of semiarid regions in Europe. We assessed morpho-functional traits and stem water potential along a naturally occurring gradient of depth-to-groundwater (DTGW, 2-25 m) in a coastal aquifer, and throughout the species-growing season. Increasing DTGW and salinity negatively affected photosynthetic and transpiration rates, increasing plant water stress (lower predawn and midday water potential), and positively affected Huber value (sapwood cross-sectional area per leaf area), reducing leaf area and likely, plant hydraulic demand. However, the species showed greater salt-tolerance at shallow depths. Despite groundwater characteristics, higher atmospheric evaporative demand in the study area, which occurred in summer, fostered higher transpiration rates and water stress, and promoted carbon assimilation and water loss more intensively at shallow water tables. This multiple-trait analysis allowed us to identify plant ecophysiological thresholds related to the increase in salinity, but mostly in DTGW (13 m), and in the evaporative demand during the growing season. These findings highlight the existence of tipping points in the functioning of a long-lived phreatophyte in drylands and can contribute to the sustainable management of GDEs in southern Europe, paving the way for further studies on phreatophytic species.


Assuntos
Ecossistema , Água Subterrânea , Mudança Climática , Salinidade , Água
6.
Am J Bot ; 108(2): 236-248, 2021 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33586136

RESUMO

PREMISE: Water is the most limiting factor in dryland ecosystems, and plants are adapted to cope with this constraint. Particularly vulnerable are phreatophytic plants from groundwater-dependent ecosystems (GDEs) in regions that have to face water regime alterations due to the impacts of climate and land-use changes. METHODS: We investigated two aspects related to the water-use strategy of a keystone species that dominates one of the few terrestrial GDEs in European drylands (Ziziphus lotus): where it obtains water and how it regulates its use. We (1) evaluated plants' water sources and use patterns using a multiple-isotope approach (δ2 H, δ18 O, and Δ13 C); (2) assessed the regulation of plant water potential by characterizing the species on an isohydric-anisohydric continuum; and (3) evaluated plants' response to increasing water stress along a depth-to-groundwater (DTGW) gradient by measuring foliar gas exchange and nutrient concentrations. RESULTS: Ziziphus lotus behaves as a facultative or partial phreatophyte with extreme anisohydric stomatal regulation. However, as DTGW increased, Z. lotus (1) reduced the use of groundwater, (2) reduced total water uptake, and (3) limited transpiration water loss while increasing water-use efficiency. We also found a physiological threshold at 14 m depth to groundwater, which could indicate maximum rooting length beyond which optimal plant function could not be sustained. CONCLUSIONS: Species such as Z. lotus survive by squandering water in drylands because of a substantial groundwater uptake. However, the identification of DTGW thresholds indicates that drawdowns in groundwater level would jeopardize the functioning of the GDE.


Assuntos
Água Subterrânea , Lotus , Ziziphus , Ecossistema , Água
7.
Neuroscience ; 223: 429-38, 2012 Oct 25.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22858596

RESUMO

Several studies in rodents have shown that dysfunctions of the thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN) result in deficits of sensory gating and attentional processes, two core features of schizophrenia. TRN receives inputs from the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampal formation, two structures which send excitatory projections to the nucleus accumbens (NAcc) and are interconnected with the basolateral amygdala (BLA). Here we determined whether (and which) changes occurred four weeks after a TRN lesion in the dendritic morphology of pyramidal neurons of layers 3 and 5 of the PFC, neurons of ventral and dorsal hippocampus, BLA, and the medium spiny neurons of the NAcc. Dendritic morphology and characteristics were measured by using Golgi-Cox procedure followed by Sholl analysis. We also evaluated the effects of TRN lesion on exploratory behavior assessed by hole-board test and locomotor activity induced by a novel environment. We found that TRN damage induced a reduction in the exploratory behavior measured by hole-board test with neuronal hypotrophy in PFC (layer 5), CA1 ventral hippocampus and NAcc neurons. Taken together, these data suggest that the behavioral and morphological effects of TRN lesion are, at least partially, mediated by limbic subregions with possible consequences for schizophrenia-related behaviors.


Assuntos
Dendritos/patologia , Neurônios/ultraestrutura , Núcleo Accumbens/patologia , Córtex Pré-Frontal/patologia , Núcleos Talâmicos/lesões , Núcleos Talâmicos/patologia , Animais , Comportamento Exploratório/fisiologia , Hipocampo/patologia , Masculino , Atividade Motora/fisiologia , Neurônios/patologia , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Coloração pela Prata , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Fatores de Tempo
9.
Enferm. univ ; 6(2): 39-45, Abr.-jun. 2009. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, BDENF - Enfermagem | ID: biblio-1028509

RESUMO

Introducción: En unidades de atención médica de tercer nivel existen factores que propician mayor frecuencia de Infecciones Nosocomiales (IN). Por lo anterior; es fundamental; evaluar periódicamente la sensibilidad de los sistemas de vigilancia epidemiológica; para comprobar su funcionamiento y el logro de objetivos. Objetivo: Conocer la prevalencia puntual de IN de una Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad; como indicador de las acciones implementadas por la Unidad de Vigilancia Epidemiológica Hospitalaria (UVEH). Así como conocer los factores de riesgo asociados a la prevalencia de IN. Metodología: Es un estudio observacional de tipo transversal. La población estuvo conformada por 383 pacientes hospitalizados. Resultados: Se encontró que el 73.9% tenían procedimientos invasivos terapéuticos. Se identificaron 68 casos con infección nosocomial; lo que corresponde a una prevalecía puntual de 17.8%. Los sitios de IN más frecuentes fueron las bacteremias (38.2%) y neumonías (20.6%). Los microorganismos identificados con mayor frecuencia fueron pseudomona sp; enterobacter aglomerans; serratia marcescens y staphylococo coagulasa negativa; así como Escherichia Coli. Además de ser neonato y lactante otros factores asociados a las IN por RM; fueron el estar inmunocomprometido; el tener catéter venoso por disección; diálisis peritoneal; sonda orogástrica; intubación orotraqueal; ventilación mecánica; nutrición parenteral y el tener una cirugía contaminada. Factores que están significativamente asociados (p = 0.05) al riesgo de IN. Conclusiones: El desarrollo del estudio permitió conocer la prevalencia puntual y caracterizar las IN; como un indicador del funcionamiento de la UVEH; para el establecimiento de medidas de control de infecciones.


Objective: The purpose of this research was to analyze the intIntroduction: Within third level medical attention units, there are factors which lead to a higher frequency of Hospital Infections (HI). Because of this, it is fundamental to assess periodically the epidemiologic surveillance systems sensibilities in order to verify their functionalities as well as the objective achievements. Objective: To assess the prevalence of HI in one high Specialty Medical Units, as an indicator of the actions taken by the Hospital Epidemiologic Surveillance Unit (HESU),and also to assess the risk factors associated with the prevalence of HI. Methodology: Basic observational study with a population of 383 hospitalized patients. Results: We found that 73.9% had invasive processes. We identified 68 cases with Hospital Infection (17.8).The most frequent HI were general bacterial invasions (38.2%) and pneumonias (20.6%).The most frequently identified microorganisms were pseudomona sp, enterobacter aglomerans, serratia marcescens, staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli. Besides to be newborn and nursing other factors associated to IN bt RM they were inmunocomprometed to be, having venous catheter by dissection, peritoneal intubation, mechanical ventilation, parenteral nutrition and having a contaminated surgery, factors that are significantly (p ≤ 0.05) to the risk of IN. Conclusions: This study allowed us assesses and characterize the prevalence of HI as an indicator of the HESU functionality in order to establish infection control measurements.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Lactente , Adolescente , Idoso , Enfermagem , Infecção Hospitalar , Prevalência
10.
Prev. tab ; 8(2): 55-60, abr.-jun. 2006. tab, graf
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-050254

RESUMO

Fundamento: El tabaquismo constituye el principal problema de salud pública en los adolescentes. El consumo de cigarrillos depende de muchos factores, como la edad, sexo, educación, raza y nivel socioeconómico, entre otros. Nos hemos propuesto estudiar la posible influencia de algunos de estos factores en la iniciación al consumo de tabaco entre los adolescentes de 12 a 18 años del municipio de Arucas, Gran Canaria, especialmente la posible relación entre el consumo de tabaco y el nivel de estudios de sus padres y el consumo del mismo entre sus familiares, profesores y amigos. Asimismo nos interesa conocer la actitud de los fumadores hacia el abandono de esta adicción. Método: Estudio descriptivo transversal, realizado en la totalidad de los alumnos de secundaria (desde 1º de la ESO hasta 1º de Bachiller, ambos inclusive) de los institutos públicos de Arucas, en el curso 2003-2004. El total de alumnos entrevistados fue de 1.276. Resultados: La prevalencia total de fumadores fue del 22,9%. Con la excepción del primer curso de la ESO, la prevalencia de tabaquismo es mayor entre las mujeres que los varones, llegando a alcanzar el 31,6% en las mujeres de 4º de la ESO. No obtuvimos asociación entre el consumo de tabaco y el nivel de estudios del padre ni de la madre. Por el contrario el tabaquismo se asoció al consumo de tabaco del padre, la madre, los hermanos, los profesores, los compañeros de clase y los amigos, presentando esta última la odds ratio más elevada. El 73,2% de los escolares fumadores se ha planteado dejar de fumar, de una u otra manera.Conclusiones: El consumo de tabaco entre los escolares de enseñanza secundaria de Arucas se asocia al consumo de tabaco en su entorno, principalmente de sus amigos. El nivel de estudios de los padres no parece influir en el tabaquismo. Casi el 75% de los escolares que fuman, habitual o esporádicamente, se han planteado dejar de fumar (AU)


Background: Tobacco consumption is the main public health problem between teenagers. The consumption of tobacco depends on many factors as age, gender, education, race and socio economical level and others. We have studied the posible influence of some of these factors in the initiation of tobacco consumption between teenagers aged 12 to18 years old who lived in Arucas, and specially studied the possible association between tobacco consumption and study levels of their parents and tobacco consumption between their parents, brothers and friends. Method: Cross-sectional descriptive study, performed on the totality of secondary students from the public institutes of Arucas, Gran Canaria, during the course 2003-4. The total of students included in the study was 1276. Results: Total prevalence of smokers was 22.9%. Prevalence of tobacco consumption is greater between women than men in secondary students of Arucas, with the exception of 1st course of ESO where the prevalence is similar in both genders. 31.4% of the women of 4th course of ESO smoke. We did not find statistical association between the consumption of tobacco and the study level of their parents, but in the other hand we found a strong association between tobacco consumption in their parents, brothers, teachers and mainly friends. 73.2% of the secondary students have been thinking about quitting smoking somehow. Conclusions: The consumption of tobacco between secondary students of Arucas is associated to tobacco consumption of their parents, brothers and mainly friends. The levels of the study of their parents are not associated to the consumption of tobacco. Almost 75% of the smokers have been thinking about quitting smoking (AU)


Assuntos
Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Humanos , Abandono do Uso de Tabaco/psicologia , Tabagismo/epidemiologia , Atitude Frente a Saúde , Estudantes/estatística & dados numéricos , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Comportamento do Adolescente
11.
An Med Interna ; 22(10): 469-72, 2005 Oct.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16351477

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Vitamin supplements and minerals consumption (SPM) is increasing in occidental societies due to the growing concern about health by the population. OBJECTIVES: To have a initial approaching to the to SPM consumption in the Province of Las Palmas through 2000 and 2001. To identify SPM proportions that are dispensed as pharmaceutical specialities and those who are sold as parapharmacy products. Finally, to describe the evolution of this consumption throughout a year. METHOD: The information was obtained through the list of the whole pharmaceutical specialities and parapharmacy products through 2000 and 2001 who have at least a vitamin in its composition and/or a mineral. RESULTS: Usually, 297 pharmaceutical specialities and 216 parapharmacy products are currently being sold. Pharmaceutical specialities comprised 65.6% of the whole products sold and within them, vitamins were the most dispensed (41.5%). Regarding parapharmacy products, vitamins and minerals compounds were the products more sold (34.6%). Comparing to 2000, during 2001 there was a statistically significant increase in the consumption of parapharmacy products, remaining without changes the use of pharmaceutical specialities. CONCLUSION: On the basis of sold XX SPM consumption seems to be due mainly by pharmaceutical specialities rather than parapharmacy products. Nevertheless through 2001 there was an increase only in the parapharmacy products.


Assuntos
Suplementos Nutricionais , Uso de Medicamentos , Oligoelementos , Vitaminas , Humanos , Espanha/epidemiologia
12.
An. med. interna (Madr., 1983) ; 22(10): 469-472, oct. 2005. tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-041626

RESUMO

Fundamento: El consumo de suplementos polivitamínicos y minerales (SPM) está aumentado en las sociedades occidentales como consecuencia de la preocupación de la población por la salud. Objetivos: Tener una primera aproximación al consumo de SPM en la provincia de Las Palmas en los 2000 y 2001. Identificar las proporciones de SPM que son dispensados como especialidades farmacéuticas y los que lo hacen como productos de parafarmacia. Describir cual es la tendencia evolutiva en el consumo de estos SPM en el período de un año. Método: La información se obtuvo de los listados de ventas de todas las especialidades farmacéuticas y productos de parafarmacia de los años 2000 y 2001, que contienen en su composición al menos una vitaminay/o un mineral. Resultados: habitualmente se dispensan 297 especialidades farmacéuticas y 216 productos de parafarmacia. Las especialidades farmacéuticas constituyeron el 65,6% de las ventas y entre ellas, las vitaminas resultaron ser las más dispensadas (41,5%). En las especialidades de parafarmacia, las más vendidas fueron los compuestos de vitaminas y minerales (34,6%). Con respecto al año 2000, en el año 2001 se produjo un aumento estadísticamente significativo en el consumo de productos de parafarmacia, permaneciendo estable el de las especialidades farmacéuticas. Conclusión: en base a las ventas realizadas, en la provincia de Las Palmas el consumo de SPM parece realizarse mayoritariamente por medio de especialidades farmacéuticas y en menor grado mediante productos de parafarmacia. Sin embargo, en el período 2000-2001, se observó un incremento del consumo sólo en los productos de parafarmacia


Background: Vitamin supplements and minerals consumption (SPM) is increasing in occidental societies due to the growing concern abouthealth by the population. Objectives: To have a initial approaching to the to SPM consumption in the Province of Las Palmas through 2000 and 2001. To identify SPM proportions that are dispensed as pharmaceutical specialities and those who are sold as parapharmacy products. Finally, to describe the evolution of this consumption throughout a year. Method: The information was obtained through the list of the whole pharmaceutical specialities and parapharmacy products through 200 and 2001 who have at least a vitamin in its composition and/or a mineral. Results: Usually, 297 pharmaceutical specialities and 216 parapharmacy products are currently being sold. Pharmaceutical specialities comprised 65.6% of the whole products sold and within them, vitamins were the most dispensed (41.5%). Regarding parapharmacy products, vitamins and minerals compounds were the products more sold (34.6%). Comparing to 2000, during 2001 there was a statistically significant increase in the consumption of parapharmacy products, remaining without changes the use of pharmaceutical specialities. Conclusion: On the basis of sold XX SPM consumption seems to bedue mainly by pharmaceutical specialities rather than parapharmacy products. Nevertheless through 2001 there was an increase only in theparapharmacy products


Assuntos
Humanos , Suplementos Nutricionais , Uso de Medicamentos , Oligoelementos , Vitaminas , Espanha/epidemiologia
13.
Rev. esp. enferm. metab. óseas (Ed. impr.) ; 13(2): 25-29, 2004. graf, tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-33709

RESUMO

Fundamento. Una adecuada ingesta de calcio es necesaria para la obtención del pico de masa ósea y la prevención de la osteoporosis. La ingesta de calcio varía notablemente dependiendo de factores como la edad, el género, la geografía e incluso factores culturales, entre muchos otros. El objetivo de este estudio ha sido el estimar cuál es la ingestión media de calcio a partir de leche o productos lácteos en la población canaria de ambos géneros de entre 6 y 75 años de edad. Material y métodos. Encuesta Nutricional Canaria (ENCA) efectuada a 1.747 sujetos, 831 varones (47,6 por ciento) y 916 mujeres (52,4 por ciento) canarios. Resultados. La ingestión media de calcio a partir de leche o productos lácteos en la población canaria es de 881,5 ñ 510,9 mg diarios, siendo en el varón de 884,2 ñ 526,9 mg/día y en la mujer de 879,1 ñ 496,1 mg/día. Al analizar la misma por género y grupos de edad se observaron que los segmentos que presentaron una mayor ingestión de calcio fueron en los varones el de 11 a 17 años con una media de 1.064,2 ñ 522,2 mg/día y en las mujeres el de 50-64 años con una media de 924,1 ñ 469,3 mg/día. El consumo de productos desnatados fue superior en las mujeres que en los varones. En la provincia de Las Palmas la ingestión de calcio fue mayor que en la de Sta. Cruz de Tenerife. Conclusiones. De acuerdo con las ingestas dietéticas recomendadas (IDR) para la población española, el aporte de calcio en la población canaria a partir de lácteos es adecuado en general, pero con un aumento del riesgo de ingesta deficiente en el grupo de edad superior a 50 años, en particular en las mujeres. Hasta los 35 años de edad, los varones consumen más calcio que las mujeres (AU)


Assuntos
Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Criança , Humanos , Cálcio da Dieta , Inquéritos Nutricionais , Laticínios/estatística & dados numéricos , Osteoporose/prevenção & controle , Amostragem Aleatória Simples , Leite/estatística & dados numéricos
14.
Rev. senol. patol. mamar. (Ed. impr.) ; 15(2): 64-70, abr. 2002. tab, graf
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-12235

RESUMO

El objetivo de este estudio ha sido revisar los parámetros convencionales predictivos de metástasis ganglionares axilares y los factores pronósticos de supervivencia en el carcinoma mamario invasivo. Fueron revisadas de modo retrospectivo 83 pacientes con carcinoma mamario invasivo a las que se realizó linfadenectomía axilar asociada a mastectomía o bien a tumorectomía amplia, entre enero de 1980 y diciembre de 1989.Se analizaron los parámetros siguientes: edad, localización tumoral, tipo histológico, tipo de intervención, tamaño tumoral, grado histológico, invasión vasculolinfática, número de ganglios con invasión tumoral y estadiaje pTNM. Se correlacionaron de forma significativa con la presencia de metástasis ganglionares axilares el tamaño tumoral, grado histológico y la invasión vasculolinfática. En el análisis de la supervivencia se han relacionado con ésta de forma significativa el tamaño tumoral, grado histológico, invasión vasculolinfática, número de ganglios con invasión tumoral y el estadiaje pTNM. Son factores predictivos de invasión ganglionar axilar y parámetros pronósticos de supervivencia el tamaño tumoral, el grado histológico y la invasión vasculolinfática. El número de ganglios infiltrados y el estadiaje pTNM son parámetros pronósticos de supervivencia (AU)


Assuntos
Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Humanos , Carcinoma/diagnóstico , Invasividade Neoplásica/diagnóstico , Neoplasias da Mama/diagnóstico , Carcinoma/cirurgia , Carcinoma/complicações , Prognóstico , Metástase Linfática/diagnóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Mastectomia , Intervalo Livre de Doença , Neoplasias da Mama/cirurgia , Neoplasias da Mama/complicações
15.
Cir. Esp. (Ed. impr.) ; 67(3): 247-250, mar. 2000. tab, graf
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-3729

RESUMO

Introducción. El cáncer de colon y recto en pacientes menores de 40 años tiene un peor pronóstico que en el resto de la población debido al comportamiento agresivo de estos tumores, variando la supervivencia a los 5 años entre un 7 y un 59 por ciento. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar la supervivencia de dichos tumores en este grupo de edad. Pacientes y método. Entre enero de 1991 y diciembre de 1997, 20 pacientes menores de 40 años fueron diagnosticados de adenocarcinoma de colon o recto (el 2,6 por ciento del total de adenocarcinomas colorrectales diagnosticados en dicho período). El intervalo entre el inicio de los síntomas y el diagnóstico tuvo una media de 4 meses. Se realizó resección tumoral en todos los casos. Anatomopatológicamente, los tumores se clasificaron atendiendo al grado de diferenciación tumoral y según los estadios de Dukes. Resultados. La supervivencia actuarial a los 5 años fue del 45 por ciento (el 66 por ciento en los tumores de colon frente al 26 por ciento en los de recto [p = 0,43]; el 100 por ciento en los estadios A y B de Dukes frente al 25 por ciento en el estadio C y el 0 por ciento en el estadio D [p = 0,002]; el 5 por ciento en el grupo de tumores bien y moderadamente diferenciados frente al 0 por ciento en el de tumores mucinosos y mal diferenciados [p = 0,1]).Conclusiones. El cáncer de colon y recto en pacientes menores de 40 años tiene un mal pronóstico, que está influido por la localización tumoral, el estadio de Dukes y el tipo histológico (AU)


Assuntos
Adulto , Feminino , Masculino , Humanos , Adenocarcinoma/cirurgia , Adenocarcinoma/mortalidade , Adenocarcinoma/sangue , Análise de Sobrevida , Diferenciação Celular , Neoplasias do Colo/diagnóstico , Neoplasias do Colo/mortalidade , Neoplasias do Colo/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Retais/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Retais/cirurgia , Neoplasias Retais/mortalidade , Neoplasias Retais/tratamento farmacológico , Prognóstico , Biomarcadores Tumorais/análise , Colonoscopia , Biópsia
16.
Zentralbl Bakteriol ; 284(1): 58-66, 1996 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8837369

RESUMO

Recently we have found several strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis, which in spite of containing aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes (AMEs) remained susceptible to antibiotics such as netilmicin (NET) and amikacin (AN). Assuming an interest in this agent from a clinical point of view, the aim of this study was to determine if these strains became resistant after prolonged contact with such antibiotics. We found that minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the bacterial strains not only increased when using these two agents, but also when using other aminoglycosides such as gentamicin (GM), tobramycin (TM), amikacin (AN) and isepamicin (ISE). In order to see the effect of prolonged use of NET on enzyme production, three strains containing AMEs were selected and we could observe an increase in the enzyme levels after successive passages through media containing NET.


Assuntos
Amicacina/farmacologia , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Resistência Microbiana a Medicamentos/fisiologia , Resistência a Múltiplos Medicamentos/fisiologia , Gentamicinas/farmacologia , Resistência a Canamicina/fisiologia , Netilmicina/farmacologia , Staphylococcus aureus/efeitos dos fármacos , Staphylococcus epidermidis/efeitos dos fármacos , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Staphylococcus aureus/metabolismo , Staphylococcus epidermidis/metabolismo
17.
Rev. latinoam. microbiol ; 25(2): 117-23, 1983.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-16184

RESUMO

Mediante la aplicacion de diversas tecnicas micrograficas se efectuo una discripcion histologica integral de Fasciola hepatica, destacando la localizacion, morfologia y disposicion de los tejidos: epitelial, conectivo, muscular y nervioso en los diferentes organos del parasito, mencionandose en cada caso, los organoides observados y sus medidas promedio. Se discuten posibles funciones de algunas estructuras y ciertas particularidades como el hecho de presentar fibras musculares anucleadas, musculatura intestinal reticular sin formacion de estratos y union de las celulas subcuticulares con la membrana basal del tegumento.El epitelio plano simple se describe por primera vez como revestimiento de los ductos excretores, al igual que las neuronas bipolares parenquimaticas que no habian sido mencionadas con anterioridad. Se describen tambien nuevas localizaciones para el epitelio cubico en el aparato reproductor femenino


Assuntos
Animais , Fasciola hepatica
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