Cultivation and breeding of Chinese medicinal plants in Germany.

Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) is increasingly used in Germany and Europe. Due to the need for herbal drugs of consistent quality and reliable supply, methods for commercial field cultivation and post-harvest processing under south German conditions have been developed for selected plant species used in CHM since 1999. The project used an interdisciplinary approach covering all aspects from seed sourcing to medicinal application. This paper describes the outcome of the agricultural seed and field experiments, breeding program, botanical and chemical characterization of the experimental material, comparison of experimental and imported herbal material with respect to their pharmaceutical quality, transfer of production methods and plant material to specialized farmers, medicinal application and, finally, information for users along the chain of distribution about the benefits of the locally produced herbal material.

[Evaluating traditional Chinese medicine as applied in the Clinic at Steigerwald. Part 1: Methods of assessment]. / Evaluation von Verfahren der traditionellen chinesischen Medizin in der Klinik am Steigerwald. Teil 1: Erhebungsmethodik.

BACKGROUND: In the 'Klinik am Steigerwald' (Gerolzhofen, Germany), founded in 1996 and providing accommodation for 44 patients, European physicians apply methods of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). OBJECTIVE: To develop an assessment system which is suitable for the evaluation of therapies, can be integrated into daily routine, takes into account the particular therapeutic approach of the hospital, and promotes quality management. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The hospital admits all kinds of patients with chronic and often therapy-resistant diseases. Patients are primarily treated with Chinese phytotherapy and acupuncture. Methods of classical naturopathy and Western medicine complete the therapeutic range. All admitted patients are to be assessed. Exclusions are made according to a previously determined set of criteria. A written consent is mandatory. RESULTS: The assessment system comprises 3 questionnaires; 2 to be filled in by the patients, and 1 to document the physician's evaluation of the therapeutic success, based on his final consultation of the patient. Between January 2000 and December 2004, 2,021 patients were admitted to the hospital and followed-up until 2006. Of these, 1,609 patients met the inclusion criteria; 1,282 of these, again, agreed to participate in the interviewing process. The questionnaires of 1,110 patients were eligible for analysis. The present paper describes the methods of assessment. Its results are to be published in a future paper. CONCLUSION: Over the past 7 years, the assessment system has shown to be effective and appropriate to evaluate the type of therapy in question. It is intended to shorten the questionnaires.