Is There an Advantage in Enriching Parenteral Lipid Emulsions Containing Fatty Acids From Fish Oil With Medium-Chain Triglycerides? A Study on Body Pool Concentrations of ω-3 Fatty Acids in Lewis Rats.

BACKGROUND: The addition of medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) into parenteral lipid emulsions rich in fatty acids from fish oil (FOLEs) has been shown to improve their clearance and extrahepatic uptake. We assessed whether this effect could favor the leukocyte uptake of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) for immunomodulatory purposes METHODS: Following 5-day adaptation in metabolic cages, 42 male Lewis rats fed with AIN-93M chow were killed (baseline control group [BC]) or submitted to central venous catheterization and distributed into (1) surgical control group without parenteral infusion (chow group), (2) test emulsion (MCT/LCT/FO) group with the parenteral infusion of a FOLE containing 40% MCT, and (3) control emulsion group (LCT/FO) with the parenteral infusion of an FOLE without MCT. The 2 FOLEs had similar ω-3 PUFA contents and ω-6/ω-3 PUFA ratios and were infused during 48 and 72 hours. Concentrations of ω-3 and ω-6 PUFAs in plasma, liver, and blood mononuclear and polymorphonuclear leukocytes were assessed by gas chromatography RESULTS: In both FOLE groups, leukocyte concentrations of ω-3 PUFAs peaked after 48 hours' infusion (vs BC). At this time point, plasma concentrations of ω-3 PUFAs were higher in MCT/LCT/FO group than in LCT/FO group and the opposite was found in the liver (P<.05), but no differences in PUFA concentrations were observed between these groups in leukocytes (P>.05) CONCLUSION: The ω-3 PUFAs provided by FOLEs rich in MCT were less incorporated by liver and remained more available for extrahepatic cell delivery, but this did not result in a clear benefit in increasing their incorporation by peripheral leukocytes.

Adaptaçäo intestinal com uso do hormônio de crescimento e da glutamina após ressecçäo extensa do intestino delgado em ratos / Small bowel adaptation with growth hormone and glutamine after massive resection of rat's intestinal small bowel

O uso de glutamina (GLM) e hormônio de crescimento (GH) pode auxiliar a adaptaçäo intestinal em síndrome do intestino curto(SIC). O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a atuaçäo de uma dieta rica em GLN associada ao uso de GH sobre a adaptaçäo intestinal em SIC grave em ratos. 80 ratos Wistar(240g) foram randomizados em seis grupos: 1-RGLN (20) - ressecçäo intestinal de 95 porcento do intestino delgado (R) e dieta com glutamina; 2- RGLNGH (20) - RGLN com ministraçäo de GH; 3- RC (10) - R e dieta controle pobre em glutamina; 4- RCGH (10) - R com dieta controle e ministraçäo de GH; 5- TAGLN - transecçäo intestinal na transiçäo jejuno-ileal(TA) seguida de anastomose e dieta rica em glutamina; TAGLNGH - TAGLN e ministraçäo de GH. O GH foi ministrado na dose de 0,14 mg/kg/dia por via subcutânea. Diáriamente foram obtidos o peso corpóreo e o balanço nitrogenado. Após 15 dias os ratos foram sacrificados e a proliferaçäo celular da mucosa intestinal foi estudada com o anticorpo policlonal PC10. Análise estatística apropriada foi efetuada. Em relaçäo ao peso inicial, todos os animais com ressecçäo intestinal perderam peso (8 a 13,9 porcento). O GH favoreceu o ganho de peso nos ratos com transecçäo intestinal. O uso da dieta com GLN e GH promoveu balanço nitrogenado positivo nos ratos com ressecçäo intestinal em relaçäo à diete controle. O uso de GLN e GH potencializou o crescimento do intestino delgado (37,5 porcento), mas näo favoreceu a proliferaçäo celular intestinal. Em conclusäo, a utilizaçäo de dieta enriquecida com glutamina e a ministraçäo de GH favorecem a adaptaçäo intestinal em ratos com ressecçäo maciça do intestino delgado.(au)