Assuntos
Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Cardíacos/mortalidade , Relações Comunidade-Instituição , Comportamento do Consumidor/estatística & dados numéricos , Mortalidade Hospitalar , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Cardíacos/normas , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , Análise Discriminante , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Qualidade da Assistência à Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Inquéritos e Questionários , Estados Unidos/epidemiologiaRESUMO
A 2 x 2 x 2 factorial study with two levels each of price, quality, and mortality data was undertaken to determine consumers' reactions to hospital advertisements that include mortality statistics. Both as a simple effect and in selected interaction effects, mortality statistics are found to be significant to hospital choice, measured in terms of intentions and attitudes.
Assuntos
Comportamento de Escolha , Hospitais/classificação , Mortalidade , Aceitação pelo Paciente de Cuidados de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Qualidade da Assistência à Saúde , Publicidade/métodos , Análise de Variância , Estudos de Avaliação como Assunto , Análise Fatorial , Humanos , Inquéritos e Questionários , Estados UnidosRESUMO
In a review of 1,092 patients with histologically proved carcinoma of the stomach, it was found that 40 patients (3.8 per cent) had previously undergone surgical treatment of a duodenal ulcer. In 13 patients, truncal vagotomy had been carried out, while 27 patients had a partial gastrectomy. Patients having truncal vagotomy and who subsequently had carcinoma of the stomach develop did so at a significantly earlier age than those having partial gastrectomy (55 years compared with 64 years). Carcinoma of the stomach was diagnosed after an average interval of 8.5 years in the vagotomy group compared with 24.0 years in the nonvagotomy group. Possible explanations for this observation are considered. Patients in the vagotomy group were less likely to have a resectable tumor.
Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma/etiologia , Úlcera Duodenal/cirurgia , Gastrectomia/efeitos adversos , Neoplasias Gástricas/etiologia , Vagotomia/efeitos adversos , Adenocarcinoma/diagnóstico , Adulto , Dispepsia/etiologia , Ácido Gástrico , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias Gástricas/diagnóstico , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Four patients representing four generations of one family suffered from the multiple nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome. These cases are described and the importance of examination and careful supervision of the progeny of such patients is discussed. A unique finding in this series was a large congenital lung cyst occupying the left thoracic cavity of 1 patient.
Assuntos
Síndrome do Nevo Basocelular/genética , Carcinoma Basocelular/genética , Adolescente , Adulto , Síndrome do Nevo Basocelular/diagnóstico por imagem , Síndrome do Nevo Basocelular/patologia , Criança , Cistos/diagnóstico por imagem , Feminino , Humanos , Pneumopatias/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patologia , Masculino , Neoplasias Mandibulares/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Mandibulares/patologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Radiografia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/patologiaRESUMO
The principal features of the Multiple Basal Cell Naevi Syndrome are reviewed and the case of a seven-year-old child is described. The diagnosis and the management of young patients with this syndrome are discussed.
Assuntos
Síndrome do Nevo Basocelular/diagnóstico , Carcinoma Basocelular/diagnóstico , Cistos Odontogênicos/diagnóstico , Síndrome do Nevo Basocelular/patologia , Síndrome do Nevo Basocelular/terapia , Osso e Ossos/patologia , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Cistos Maxilomandibulares/patologia , Cistos Odontogênicos/patologiaRESUMO
In the period 1970-75 inclusive 5152 patients were admitted to an accident hospital after an uncomplicated injury to their head. This group was compared with the 116 patients who needed craniotomy in the same period. It is suggested that precautionary admission of patients with minor head injuries is excessive.
Assuntos
Lesões Encefálicas , Traumatismos Craniocerebrais , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Edema Encefálico/diagnóstico , Edema Encefálico/cirurgia , Hemorragia Cerebral/diagnóstico , Hemorragia Cerebral/cirurgia , Traumatismos Craniocerebrais/diagnóstico , Traumatismos Craniocerebrais/cirurgia , Craniotomia , Erros de Diagnóstico , Inglaterra , Humanos , Tempo de Internação , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Admissão do Paciente , Alta do Paciente , Fraturas Cranianas/diagnóstico , Centros de TraumatologiaRESUMO
A laboratory experiment was conducted to test Jones and Nisbett's information-processing explanation of the often-observed tendency for individuals (actors) to provide relatively more situational and less dispositional causal attributions for their behavior than those provided by observers of the same behavior. According to this explanation, aspects of the situation are phenomenologically more salient for actors, whereas characteristics of the actor and his behavior are more salient for observers. To test this explanation, the phenomenological perspective of observers are altered without making available any additional information. Subjects watched a videotape of a get-acquainted conversation after instructions either to observe a target conversant or to empathize with her. As predicted, taking the perspective of the target through empathy resulted in attributions that were relatively more situational and less dispositional than attributions provided by standard observers. The results support Jones and Nisbett's information-processing explanation of actor-observer attributional differences, and shed additional light on the process of empathy.
