RESUMO
A method based on matrix solid phase dispersion (MSPD) using C18 as dispersant and dichloromethane-methanol as eluent and liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization-mass spectrometry (LC-APCI-MS) has been developed for the simultaneous determination of imidacloprid, 6-chloronicotinic acid, carbaryl, aldicarb, aldicarb sulfoxide, and aldicarb sulfone in honeybees. The proposed method was compared with liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) combined with LC-APCI-MS analysis. Spiked blank samples were used as standards to counteract the matrix effect observed in the chromatographic determination. Recovery studies were performed at different fortification levels. Average recoveries by MSPD varied from 61% of 6-chloronicotinic acid to 99% of aldicarb sulfoxide and relative standard deviations were equal or lower than 14%. Limit of detections ranged from 0.004mgkg(-1) for imidacloprid to 0.09mgkg(-1) for 6-chloronicotinic acid. Results obtained by both methods were compared, MSPD showed higher recoveries and sensitivity than LLE for most pesticides, except for carbaryl. As MSPD is easier to perform, faster, consumes less sample and organic solvents than LLE, its application for pesticide analysis in honeybees is suggested.
RESUMO
El honzo Fusarium oxysporum var. lini fue cultivado en vinaza y sometido a varias condiciones de cultivo. El alto contenido de proteina cruda de la biomasa fue obtenido cuando la vinaza fue reforzada con sales. La aeracion no tuvo efecto significante tanto en la produccion como en el contenido de proteina cruda en la biomasa Un inccremento de la productividad fue obtenido con un pH inicial mayor del medio de crecimiento. La proteina de Fusarium oxysporum var. lini presenta un perfil de aminoacidos satisfactorio excepto para cisteina, metionina e isoleucina
