[Gunshot bladder trauma: case report and literature review]. / Traumatismo vesical por arma de fuego: presentación de un caso y revisión de la literatura.

OBJECTIVE: To report one case of gunshot bladder trauma and to review its diagnosis and treatment in the related literature. METHODS: We report the case of a 43-year-old-male with an abdominal firearm wound and gross haematuria. Imaging diagnosis by abdominal and pelvic CT and CT-cystography. Surgical treatment. RESULTS: CT-cystography showed extraperitoneal bladder rupture. Exploratory laparotomy to evaluate for other associated injuries. Bladder wall surgical closure and ureteroneocystostomy with transvesical technique because of complete distal ureter tear. Broad spectrum antibiotherapy. Favourable progress. The patient was discharged at 14th day. CONCLUSIONS: Firearm bladder traumas are a rare entity. Surgical exploration and closure is mandatory. In haemodynamicaly stable patients, abdomen and pelvis CT and CT-cystography allow us to rule out associated injuries and to classify the bladder trauma type. Ureteral damage associated in 5-8,9%, diagnosed during surgical exploration. Broad-spectrum antibiotherapy in all patients.

Traumatismo vesical por arma de fuego: presentación de un caso y revisión de la literatura / Gunshot bladder trauma: case report and literature review

Objetivo: Presentar un caso de traumatismo vesical por arma de fuego y revisar aspectos diagnósticos y terapéuticos en la literatura relacionada. Material y métodos: Presentamos el caso de un varón de 43 años con herida abdominal por arma de fuego y hematuria macroscópica. Diagnóstico de imagen mediante TC abdómino-pélvico y TC-cistografía. Tratamiento quirúrgico. Resultados: Rotura vesical extraperitoneal en TC-cistografía. Laparotomía exploradora para descartar lesiones asociadas. Cierre quirúrgico de la pared vesical y ureteroneocistostomía con técnica transvesical por desinserción ureteral distal. Antibioterapia de amplio espectro. Evolución favorable. Alta al 14º día. Conclusiones: Los traumatismos vesicales por arma de fuego son una entidad poco frecuente. Debe realizarse exploración y cierre quirúrgico de la perforación vesical en todos los casos. En pacientes estables hemodinámicamente, TC abdómino-pélvico y TC-cistografía permiten descartar lesiones asociadas y clasificar el tipo de traumatismo vesical. Daño ureteral asociado en 5-8,9%, diagnosticado intraoperatoriamente. Antibioterapia intravenosa de amplio espectro en todos los pacientes

Objetive: To report one case of gunshot bladder trauma and to review its diagnosis and treatment in the related literature. Methods: We report the case of a 43-year-old-male with an abdominal firearm wound and gross haematuria. Imaging diagnosis by abdominal and pelvic CT and CT-cystography. Surgical treatment. Results: CT-cystography showed extraperitoneal bladder rupture. Exploratory laparotomy to evaluate for other associated injuries. Bladder wall surgical closure and ureteroneocystostomy with transvesical technique because of complete distal ureter tear. Broad spectrum antibiotherapy. Favourable progress. The patient was discharged at 14th day. Conclusions: Firearm bladder traumas are a rare entity. Surgical exploration and closure is mandatory. In haemodynamicaly stable patients, abdomen and pelvis CT and CT-cystography allow us to rule out associated injuries and to classify the bladder trauma type. Ureteral damage associated in 5- 8,9%, diagnosed during surgical exploration. Broad-spectrum antibiotherapy in all patients

[Atypical sites of metastatic renal carcinoma. Literature review]. / Carcinoma renal metastásico de localización atípica. Revisión de la literatura.

OBJECTIVE: To review in the literature atypical sites of metastatic renal cell carcinoma, its onset, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. METHODS: To review, using Medline database, atypical sites of metastatic renal cell carcinoma in the last five years Spanish literature. RESULTS: There have been published 15 spanish articles about atypical metastatic renal cell carcinoma in the last five years. Most patients were male with a mean age of 62,3 years and methacronous metastases. Imaging and pathological diagnosis. Main sites: ocular, renal graft, larynx, suprarenal, brain, penis, gastric and pancreatic. Surgical treatment if the surgeon is able to remove the lesion. Inmunotherapy and radiotherapy in the rest of cases. CONCLUSIONS: Renal cell carcinoma represents about 3% of all adult malignancy neoplasms. Its metastatic sites, in order of frequency, are lung, bone and liver, whether synchronic or methacronic. Its location, clinical features, onset, evolution and prognosis is very variable. Individualized diagnostic and therapeutic approach, according to prognostic factors. The knowledge of this atypical sites in patients with renal cell carcinoma in the past can lead us to an earlier diagnosis and treatment which could change the evolution of the illness.

[Surgical complications after kidney transplantation. Research based on 185 cases]. / Complicaciones quirúrgicas post-trasplante renal. Estudio en 185 casos.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the incidence of surgical complications its diagnosis and treatment after renal transplantation. METHODS: A retrospective study measuring the incidence of surgical complications and reviewing its diagnosis and treatment in 185 renal single transplants. RESULTS: 185 transplants, 27% had surgical complications. Only one patient lost the graft due to surgical complications and there was no associated mortality. Cold ischemia time 20 hours. Double J stenting in 19%, under surgeon's opinion. Vascular complications 3.2% (all of them renal artery stenosis). Urological complications 6.4%. Perinephric haematoma 7%. Lymphocele 4.9%. Peritoneum related complications 4%. Other 4%. The diagnosis was clinical and radiological in most of cases. 14% needed any kind of intervention. CONCLUSIONS: Our results are similar to those reported in other recent series. Only one surgical team involved and the same technique for vascular and vesico-ureteric anastomosis probably makes lower our complications rate. Early postoperative abdominal ultrasonography contributes to the diagnosis of surgical complications. The initial treatment approach is the endoscopic-conservative one, with exceptions.

Carcinoma renal metastásico de localización atípica. Revisión de la literatura / Atypical sites of metastatic renal carcinoma. Literature review

Objetivo: Revisar en la literatura localizaciones metastásicas atípicas de carcinoma de células renales, su momento de presentación, características clínicas, diagnóstico, tratamiento y pronóstico. Material y Métodos: Revisión, en la literatura en lengua castellana de los últimos cinco años, de localizaciones atípicas de metástasis de carcinoma de células renales. Búsqueda realizada en la base bibliográfica Medline. Resultados: En los últimos cinco años se han publicado 15 artículos en lengua castellana sobre metástasis atípicas de carcinoma de células renales. Pacientes de predominio masculino con edad media de 62,3 años. Metástasis en su mayoría metacrónicas diagnosticadas mediante pruebas de imagen con confirmación histológica. Localizaciones principales: intraocular, injerto renal, laríngea, suprarrenal, etmoidal, escrotal, cerebral, peneana, gástrica y pancreática. Tratamiento quirúrgico en lesiones resecables. Paliativo con inmuno-radioterapia en el resto. Conclusiones: El carcinoma de células renales representa el 3% de todas las neoplasias malignas del adulto. Metastatiza, por orden de frecuencia, a pulmones, hueso e hígado, pudiendo ser sincrónicas o metacrónicas. El carcinoma de células renales metastásico tiene una amplia variabilidad en cuanto a localización, clínica, momento de presentación, evolución y pronóstico. El abordaje diagnóstico-terapéutico debe ser individualizado, en función de factores pronósticos. El conocimiento de estas localizaciones atípicas en pacientes con antecedentes de carcinoma de células renales influirá en un diagnóstico y tratamiento precoces pudiendo modificar el curso evolutivo de la enfermedad (AU)

Objective: To review in the literature atypical sites of metastatic renal cell carcinoma, its onset, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. Methods: To review, using Medline database, atypical sites of metastatic renal cell carcinoma in the last five years Spanish literature. Results: There have been published 15 spanish articles about atypical metastatic renal cell carcinoma in the last five years. Most patients were male with a mean age of 62,3 years and methacronous metastases. Imaging and pathological diagnosis. Main sites: ocular, renal graft, larynx, suprarenal, brain, penis, gastric and pancreatic. Surgical treatment if the surgeon is able to remove the lesion. Inmunotherapy and radiotherapy in the rest of cases. Conclusions: Renal cell carcinoma represents about 3% of all adult malignancy neoplasms. Its metastatic sites, in order of frequency, are lung, bone and liver, whether synchronic or methacronic. Its location, clinical features, onset, evolution and prognosis is very variable. Individualized diagnostic and therapeutic approach, according to prognostic factors. The knowledge of this atypical sites in patients with renal cell carcinoma in the past can lead us to an earlier diagnosis and treatment which could change the evolution of the illness (AU)

Complicaciones quirúrgicas post-trasplante renal. Estudio en 185 casos / Surgical complications after kidney transplantation. Research based on 185 cases

Objetivo: Análisis de incidencia, diagnóstico y tratamiento de complicaciones quirúrgicas en el trasplante renal. Método: Estudio retrospectivo de la incidencia de complicaciones quirúrgicas en 185 trasplantes renales únicos, revisando su diagnóstico y tratamiento. Resultados: En 185 trasplantes se producen un 27% de complicaciones quirúrgicas. Sólo un paciente perdió el injerto secundario a éstas y su mortalidad asociada fue nula. Tiempo medio de isquemia fría 20horas. Utilización de catéter doble J (19%), a criterio del cirujano. Complicaciones vasculares 3,2% (todas estenosis de arteria renal). Complicaciones urológicas 6,4% (en similar porcentaje estenosis y fístulas). Hematomas perirrenales 7%. Linfoceles 4,9%. Complicaciones peritoneales 4%. Otras 4%. Diagnóstico clínico-radiológico en la mayoría de los casos. Requirieron intervención (endo-radiológica o quirúrgica) el 14%, individualizada según el caso. Conclusiones: Nuestros resultados no difieren de los de otras grandes series publicadas. La implicación de un único equipo de cirujanos manteniendo la misma técnica vascular y de ureteroneocistostomía parece influir en nuestra baja incidencia de complicaciones. La ecografía-doppler abdominal sistemática como control en los primeros días post-trasplante contribuye al diagnóstico de las complicaciones quirúrgicas. El tratamiento inicial de elección, salvo excepciones, es endoscópico-conservador (AU)

Objective: To analyze the incidence of surgical complications its diagnosis and treatment after renal transplantation. Methods: A retrospective study measuring the incidence of surgical complications and reviewing its diagnosis and treatment in 185 renal single transplants. Results: 185 transplants, 27% had surgical complications. Only one patient lost the graft due to surgical complications and there was no associated mortality. Cold ischemia time 20 hours. Double J stenting in 19%, under surgeon’s opinion. Vascular complications 3,2% (all of them renal artery stenosis). Urological complications 6,4%. Perinephric haematoma 7%. Lymphocele 4,9%. Peritoneum related complications 4%. Other 4%. The diagnosis was clinical and radiological in most of cases. 14% needed any kind of intervention. Conclusions: Our results are similar to those reported in other recent series. Only one surgical team involved and the same technique for vascular and vesico-ureteric anastomosis probably makes lower our complications rate. Early postoperative abdominal ultrasonography contributes to the diagnosis of surgical complications. The initial treatment approach is the endoscopic-conservative one, with exceptions (AU)