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1.
Springerplus ; 5(1): 1614, 2016.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27652187

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Diaphragmatic injuries include wounds and diaphragm ruptures, due to a thoracoabdominal blunt or penetrating traumas. Their incidence ranges between 0.8 and 15 %. The diagnosis is often delayed, despite several medical imaging techniques. The surgical management remains controversal, particularly for the choice of the surgical approach and technique. The mortality is mainly related to associated injuries. The aim of our study was to evaluate the incidence of diaphragmatic injuries occuring in thoraco-abdominal traumas, and to discuss their epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective study over a period of 21 years, between January 1994 and June 2015 at the Department of General Surgery of the Aristide Le Dantec hospital in Dakar, Senegal. All patients diagnosed with diaphragmatic injuries were included in the study. RESULTS: Over the study period, 1535 patients had a thoraco-abdominal trauma. There were 859 cases of blunt trauma, and 676 penetrating chest or abdominal trauma. Our study involved 20 cases of diaphragmatic injuries (1.3 %). The sex-ratio was 4. The mean age was 33 years. Brawls represented 83.3 % (17 cases). Stab attacks represented 60 % (12 cases). The incidence of diaphragmatic injury was 2.6 %. The wound was in the thorax in 60 % (seven cases). Chest radiography was contributory in 45 % (nine cases). The diagnosis of wounds or ruptures of the diaphragm was done preoperatively in 45 % (nine cases). The diaphragmatic wound was on the left side in 90 % (18 cases) and its mean size was 4.3 cm. The surgical procedure involved a reduction of herniated viscera and a suture of the diaphragm by "X" non absorbable points in 85 % (17 cases). A thoracic aspiration was performed in all patients. Morbidity rate was 10 % and mortality rate 5 %. CONCLUSION: The diagnosis of diaphragmatic rupture and wounds remains difficult and often delayed. They should be kept in mind in any blunt or penetrating thoraco-abdominal trauma. Diaphragmatic lesions are usually located on the left side. Surgery is an efficient treatment.


INTRODUCTION: Les traumatismes du diaphragme comprennent les ruptures et les plaies du diaphragme. Leur incidence varie entre 0,8 % et 15 %. Elles sont très souvent méconnues malgré les techniques performantes d'imagerie médicale. Leur prise en charge chirurgicale reste controversée. La mortalité de cette pathologie est liée aux lésions associées. Le but de notre étude était d'apprécier l'incidence des lésions diaphragmatique dans les traumatismes thoraco-abdominaux, et de discuter les aspects épidémiologiques, diagnostiques et thérapeutiques. PATIENTS ET MÉTHODE: Il s'agissait d'une étude rétrospective sur 21 ans allant du 1er janvier 1994 au 30 juin 2015. Cette étude a été réalisée au Service de Chirurgie Générale de l'Hôpital Aristide Le Dantec de Dakar. Etaient inclus dans cette étude tous les patients qui présentaient une lésion diaphragmatique consécutive à un traumatisme abdominal et/ou thoracique ouvert ou fermé. RÉSULTATS: Durant cette période d'étude, nous avons reçu 1535 patients victimes de traumatisme thoracique et/ou abdominal. Il s'agissait de 859 cas de contusions et 676 cas de plaies thoraciques et/ou abdominaux. Notre étude portait sur 20 cas de lésions diaphragmatiques (1,3 %). Le sex-ratio était de 4. L'âge moyen était de 33 ans. Les agressions par arme blanche représentaient 60 % (12 cas). L'incidence des lésions diaphragmatiques était de 2,6 %. La plaie cutanée était de siège thoracique dans 60 % (7 cas). La radiographie du thorax était contributive dans 45 % (9 cas). Le diagnostic de lésion diaphragmatique était préopératoire dans 45 % (9 cas). La brèche diaphragmatique siégeait à gauche dans 90 % (18 cas) et la taille moyenne était de 4,3 cm. Le geste chirurgical avait consisté en une réduction des viscères herniés et une suture du diaphragme par des points en « X ¼ dans 85 % (17 cas). Le drainage thoracique était systématique. Le taux de morbidité était de 10 % et la mortalité de 5 %. CONCLUSION: Leur diagnostic est difficile. Elles siègent le plus souvent à gauche. Leur traitement est chirurgical et la voie d'abord préférentielle est la laparotomie.

8.
Mali Med ; 25(1): 18-21, 2010.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21435993

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the outcomes of the surgical treatment of ulcerous pyloro duodenal stenosis at Dakar. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We carried out a retrospective study including 160 medical records of patients presenting an ulcerous pyloroduodenal stenosis from January 2000 to December 2006. After a mean follow up of 16 months, surgical outcomes were evaluated including mortality and morbidity. The functional results were evaluated using Visick Classification. RESULTS: The mean age of our patients was 42 years and 6 months (range: 17-20 years). Our population included 126 men (78,7%) and 34 women (21,3%). Oeso-gastro-duodenal fibroscopy was performed in 136 patients (85%) whereas barium meal was carried out in 82 patients (51,25%). Surgical approach was laparoscopy in 132 cases (82%) and laparotomy in 28 cases (18%). All patients underwent a troncular vagotomy. In addition a gastroentero anastomosis was performed in 89,2% of cases, a pyloroplasty in 10% of cases and an antrectomy in 0,6% of cases. Mortality rate was 0%. The morbidity rate was 10% including parietal suppuration, diarrhoea and hiccups. Functional outcomes were as follows: Visick I in 91% of cases, Visick II in 6,3% of cases and Visick III in 2,7%. CONCLUSION: Ulcerous pyloro duodenal stenosis is a frequent complication of ulcer disease. Its treatment is surgical based on a vagotomy with gastric discharge. The outcomes are satisfactory in our context.


Assuntos
Úlcera Péptica/cirurgia , Estenose Pilórica/cirurgia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Anastomose Cirúrgica/estatística & dados numéricos , Obstrução Duodenal/etiologia , Obstrução Duodenal/cirurgia , Feminino , Humanos , Atresia Intestinal , Laparoscopia/estatística & dados numéricos , Laparotomia/estatística & dados numéricos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Úlcera Péptica/complicações , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , Antro Pilórico/cirurgia , Estenose Pilórica/etiologia , Piloro/cirurgia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do Tratamento , Vagotomia Troncular/estatística & dados numéricos , Adulto Jovem
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