Assuntos
Transtornos de Ansiedade/tratamento farmacológico , Clonidina/uso terapêutico , Transtorno Depressivo/tratamento farmacológico , Medo/efeitos dos fármacos , Hidrocortisona/sangue , Pânico/efeitos dos fármacos , Nível de Alerta/efeitos dos fármacos , Ritmo Circadiano/efeitos dos fármacos , Transtorno Depressivo/sangue , HumanosAssuntos
Doença Hepática Induzida por Substâncias e Drogas/metabolismo , Debrisoquina/metabolismo , Halotano/efeitos adversos , Isoquinolinas/metabolismo , Adulto , Citocromo P-450 CYP2D6 , Sistema Enzimático do Citocromo P-450/metabolismo , Feminino , Humanos , Hidroxilação , Oxigenases de Função Mista/metabolismo , Oxirredução , FenótipoRESUMO
1. Many neuroendocrine events are mediated by intracellularly second messengers, among which are the breakdown of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-biphosphate (PIP2). 2. Lithium (Li) was shown in therapeutic doses to be a specific inhibitor of the enzyme inositol monophosphate esterase Li reduces the turnover of PIP2 and diminishes the cell responses. 3. In order to investigate this new mode of action of Li the authors studied the influence of acute dose of Li on the response of prolactin (PRL) and thyrotropin (TSH) to thyrotropin stimulating hormone (TRH), a stimulation mainly mediated through the activation of the turnover of PIP2. 4. In seven normal subjects a single dose of 19.80 meq of Li reduced the response of PRL in 4, and augmented it in 3 subjects: Li decreased the TSH response in 4 subjects, it was increased in 1 and remained unchanged in 2. 5. These results are discussed in the light of the different interactions between hormone secretion, and the fact that adenopituitary is located out of the brain blood barrier.
Assuntos
Lítio/farmacologia , Monoéster Fosfórico Hidrolases/antagonistas & inibidores , Prolactina/metabolismo , Hormônio Liberador de Tireotropina/farmacologia , Tireotropina/metabolismo , Adulto , Gluconatos/farmacologia , Humanos , Sistema Hipotálamo-Hipofisário/efeitos dos fármacos , Cinética , Lítio/sangue , Masculino , Prolactina/sangue , Valores de Referência , Tireotropina/sangueRESUMO
1. Recent preclinical researches gave evidence that the actions of many neurotransmitters and drugs are mediated through the activation of the turnover of phosphatidylinositol 4,5 biphosphate (PIP2). Lithium (Li) a specific inhibitor of the enzyme inositol monophosphate esterase reduces the turn over of PIP2 and decreases the cell responses mediated via the cleavage of PIP2. 2. The authors studied the influence of a therapeutic single dose of Li on the response of human growth hormone (HGH) prolactin (PRL) and thyrotropin (TSH) to clonidine (C), an alpha adrenergic agonist which stimulates the turn over of PIP2. 3. Li reduces the HGH response to C in 3, increases in 1 and provokes no change in 2 subjects. The basal secretion of PRL and TSH were not modified. 4. These findings could support the hypothesis that some of the action of Li in humans is mediated through the inhibition of the enzyme inositol monophosphate esterase. Further studies are needed in order to determine the importance of this action.
Assuntos
Clonidina/farmacologia , Hormônio do Crescimento/metabolismo , Lítio/farmacologia , Monoéster Fosfórico Hidrolases/antagonistas & inibidores , Prolactina/metabolismo , Tireotropina/metabolismo , Adulto , Gluconatos/farmacologia , Hormônio do Crescimento/sangue , Humanos , Cinética , Lítio/sangue , Masculino , Prolactina/sangue , Tireotropina/sangueRESUMO
A patient with chronic tranquilizers abuse which decided according to the media to consume "natural and soft products" is described. The implication of such a decision is discussed and a pharmacological approach in such situation is suggested.
Assuntos
Ansiolíticos/efeitos adversos , Transtornos de Ansiedade/induzido quimicamente , Uso de Medicamentos , Síndrome de Abstinência a Substâncias , Benzodiazepinas , Feminino , Humanos , Meios de Comunicação de Massa , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeAssuntos
Queijo , Isoniazida/efeitos adversos , Vinho , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Oxirredução , Fenótipo , Tiramina/metabolismoRESUMO
The proposed in vivo methodology for the investigation of hydroxylation rates consists of of the i.v. administration of tritiated substrates and the collection of tritiated water (HTO) from exhaled air as a measure of HTO accumulation in body water. Specifically, HTO was assessed in exhaled water after i.v. administration of 3H-acetanilide. Over a wide range the half lives of accumulation of HTO in exhaled water (T50) were almost identical with the half lives of elimination of 3H-acetanilide in blood, evaluated by an inverse isotope dilution method (r = 0.96, N = 18). Average T50 amounted to 29 min in controls, was reduced to 20 min after enzyme induction by phenobarbital or 3-methylcholanthrene, and prolonged to 45, 46 and 66 min after bile duct ligation, portacaval shunt and a single dose of ethanol, respectively. It is concluded that the chosen pharmacokinetic approach corrects for the NIH-shift and the results adequately reflect changes in acetanilide hydroxylation related to enzyme induction or inhibition and to liver pathology.
Assuntos
Acetanilidas/metabolismo , Acetanilidas/sangue , Animais , Água Corporal/metabolismo , Testes Respiratórios/métodos , Estudos de Avaliação como Assunto , Hidroxilação , Cinética , Masculino , Técnica de Diluição de Radioisótopos , Ratos , Ratos Endogâmicos , Espirometria/métodos , TrítioRESUMO
Candida infection of mild gastric ulcers was detected by gastric biopsy in 6 patients aged from 67 to 82 years. Filaments and spores were located in the connective tissue or submucosa in 3 cases and in the false membrane in the other 3. No predisposing cause was found in 5 patients. Chemical study of the gastric secretion was performed in all patients under maximal pentagastrin stimulation and showed normal acidity. The addition of amphotericin B to the anti-ulcerous treatment seems to have helped the ulcer to heal.
