[The role of prevention activities in population health promotion in Russia].

The article presents the methodology to be applied to any class of disease, the socially dangerous illnesses included. The need in the organization of intersectoral coordination body to manage disease prevention activities and certification of disease prevention technologies is discussed. The necessity to implement the medical science achievements in the common public health practice is emphasized. The possibility to organize the intermediate structures contributing to surmount the gap between theory and practice is discussed. To actualize the principles of prevention and population dispanserization corresponding normative legal base, financing, political support of ruling political parties, sweeping implementation of historical experience and consideration of international experience in the field of prevention practice are needed.

[Prevention in XXI century: analysis of conceptual approaches].

The notion of prevention was theoretically based upon the doctrines of the development of nature and society, the organism and environment relationship and on the biological and social patterns determining the public and individual health. The concept of dispanserization of population proved to be the most fruitful of all ideas of prevention. In the conditions of XXI century, the disease prevention became the reflection of the social essence of medicine. This prevention approach is really effective when its purposes, forms and methods are coordinated with the public health characteristics. The progress of disease prevention is inseparable from public responsibility for protection and promotion of public health and maintenance of healthy environment and conditions of work. In present situation, the dispanserization has to be supported with the new organizational technologies to carry out medical, preventive and periodical check-ups and to arrange the dispanserization quotas according the disease nosologies and to rank them for the subsequent dynamic monitoring of profile specialists. The most effective is the dispanserization related to the diseases which can be subjected to the modern techniques of early diagnostics implementing screening and other high-tech technologies in the framework of evidence-based medicine.

[Current issues in municipal health services]. / Aktual'nye voprosy razvitiia munitsipal'nogo zdravookhraneniia.

A study, held in the Krasnodar Territory in 1994-2002, showed an increasing morbidity in residents of all age-categories. Essential differences in the prevalence of registered pathologies and in the nature of their dynamics were registered in some districts. An optimized structure of hospital beds resulted, in the above Territory, in a reduced quantity of beds, primarily in rural areas, and in their more effective utilization. More rural citizens applied for medical care to urban and territorial patient-care facilities, by 1.5 and 1.4 times respectively. Such reduction of hospital beds is possible only after advancing appropriately the regular medical check-ups and clinical care and after diminishing the need in the treatment of patients at hospitals. The data of sociological questioning of residents and of doctors held in three municipal entities by using the method of monitoring are presented. It was demonstrated that promotion of inter-district diagnostic centers, priority development of regular medical check-ups and purpose-oriented measures of reprofiling the specialized bed funds are topical issues in promoting the municipal medical care.

[Integration activities of a central municipal hospital]. / Integratsionnaia deiatel'nost' Tsentral'noi gorodskoi bol'nitsy.

Scientifically-based integration of therapeutic and prophylactic institutions is needed for better meeting the population requirement of medical care, and it is desirable to unite the financial resources and personnel; such is the objective reality for municipal therapeutic and prophylactic institutions of local public health systems. In order to make medical care available for the population and to ensure its high quality, structural changes in the public health of a region are needed. These changes include integration of medical services of these territories; creation of a network of therapeutic and prophylactic institutions corresponding to medical demographic structure of population, so that the scope of medical care be increased and specialized care made easier available for the population; and creation of the optimal managing system. Comparative studies of population health and its time course, public health organization at neighboring territories, where therapeutic and prophylactic institutions, such as Central Municipal Hospital and Central Regional Hospital have autonomous managing and financing, confirmed the need in integration of public health units functioning at a certain territory into a universal system, and in development of approaches to overcome the present-day miscellaneous network by integrating the activities of treatment-and-prophylaxis institutions. Identical economic, geographic, and macroeconomic living conditions of the population, similarity of medical demographic structure and similar changes in it, as well as similar morbidity structure, are sufficient grounds for integration of public health services.

[Attitude of population and physicians to the organization of medical care in a city]. / Otnoshenie naseleniia i vrachei k organizatsii meditsinskoi pomoshchi v usloviiakh goroda.

The authors analyze the population self-estimations of the health status and opinions on the quality of services rendered at local health centers, attitude to medical care, and suggestions on improvement of medical service organization. Analysis of interviews with physicians showed their attitude to transfer from state public health to medical services with different types of property and their opinions on modern situation in public health management. The priority problems of public health and potentialities of improving the activities of treatment and prophylactic institutions of the city and the quality of services rendered to the population have been identified.

[Regional characteristics of health care rendered to the population of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia)]. / Regional'nye osobennosti meditsinskoi pomoshchi naseleniiu Respubliki Sakha (Iakutiia).

Local characteristics of the health status of the population in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) are analyzed. The priorities in improvement of the health status of the population of Northern regions are as follows: deceasing the risk of the most prevalent diseases (respiratory, nervous, urinary, mental diseases, injuries and poisonings), planned prophylactic check-ups for timely detection and treatment of diseases, creation of favorable conditions for women in the Extreme North, and active hygienic education of the population.