European e-Delphi process to define expert consensus on electrochemotherapy treatment indications, procedural aspects, and quality indicators in melanoma.

BACKGROUND: Skin metastases are an important co-morbidity in melanoma. Despite broad adoption, electrochemotherapy implementation is hindered by a lack of treatment indications, uncertainty regarding procedural aspects, and the absence of quality indicators. An expert consensus may harmonize the approach among centres and facilitate comparison with other therapies. METHODS: An interdisciplinary panel was recruited for a three-round e-Delphi survey. A literature-based 113-item questionnaire was proposed to 160 professionals from 53 European centres. Participants rated each item for relevance and degree of agreement on a five-point Likert scale, and received anonymous controlled feedback to allow revision. The items that reached concordant agreement in two successive iterations were included in the final consensus list. In the third round, quality indicator benchmarks were defined using a real-time Delphi method. RESULTS: The initial working group included 122 respondents, of whom 100 (82 per cent) completed the first round, thus qualifying for inclusion in the expert panel (49 surgeons, 29 dermatologists, 15 medical oncologists, three radiotherapists, two nurse specialists, two clinician scientists). The completion rate was 97 per cent (97 of 100) and 93 per cent (90 of 97) in the second and third rounds respectively. The final consensus list included 54 statements with benchmarks (treatment indications, (37); procedural aspects, (1); quality indicators, (16)). CONCLUSION: An expert panel achieved consensus on the use of electrochemotherapy in melanoma, with a core set of statements providing general direction to electrochemotherapy users to refine indications, align clinical practices, and promote quality assurance programmes and local audits. The residual controversial topics set future research priorities to improve patient care.

Electrochemotherapy is an effective locoregional therapy for skin metastases from melanoma, a problem faced by almost half of patients with metastatic disease. The lack of comparative studies and the heterogeneity of its clinical application among centres make it challenging to support consistent, evidence-based recommendations. To address this unmet need, a three-round online survey was conducted to establish a consensus on treatment indications, standard operating procedures, and quality indicators. In the survey, a panel of 100 European melanoma experts agreed on 56 statements that can be used to improve patient selection, homogenize treatment application, and monitor outcomes.

[Surgical treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa]. / Prise en charge chirurgicale de l'hidradénite suppurée.

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic relapsing inflammatory disease that primarily affects the apocrine skin glands. Management options include risk factor modification, pharmacologic agents, and surgery. Many surgical management techniques exist, including incision and drainage, laser hair removal, deroofing, limited or wide local excision. Deroofing is an interesting alternative for simple superficial fistulas and potentially even for more complex lesions. Surgical treatment can be combined with drug treatment. The indication depends on a comprehensive and multidisciplinary assessment considering the severity and number of target lesions.

L'hidradénite suppurée (HS) est une maladie inflammatoire chronique récurrente qui affecte principalement les glandes cutanées apocrines. Les options de prise en charge comprennent la modification des facteurs de risque, les agents pharmacologiques et la chirurgie. De nombreuses techniques de prise en charge chirurgicale existent, notamment l'incision et le drainage, la thérapie au laser épilatoire, le deroofing et l'excision limitée ou large. Le deroofing est une alternative intéressante pour les fistules simples superficielles et, potentiellement, pour les lésions plus complexes. Le traitement chirurgical peut être combiné au traitement médicamenteux. L'indication dépend d'une évaluation globale et pluridisciplinaire prenant en compte la sévérité et le nombre de lésions.

[Dermatology - Latest developments in targeted therapies for atopic dermatitis, alopecia areata and chronic spontaneous urticaria]. / Dermatologie - Dernières avancées des thérapies ciblées dans la dermatite atopique, la pelade et l'urticaire chronique spontanée.

In recent years, a lot of targeted therapies have appeared on the market. The huge choice and rapid development make it sometimes difficult to stay up to date. This article reviews the latest therapies in the field of atopic dermatitis, alopecia areata and chronic spontaneous urticaria. Anti-IL-4 and anti-IL-13 antibodies and, more recently, JAK inhibitors have been proven to be effective for moderate to severe atopic dermatitis. JAK inhibitors seem promising for the treatment of severe alopecia areata. Ligelizumab and nemoli zumab will provide therapeutical options for chronic spontaneous urticaria and prurigo respectively. These breakthroughs will improve the quality of life of people suffering from invalidating dermatitis, at a certain price.

Depuis quelques années apparaissent sur le marché de multiples thérapies ciblées. Il est parfois difficile de s'y retrouver tant le choix est grand et l'avancée rapide. Cet article résume les nouveautés dans le domaine de la dermatite atopique, de la pelade et de l'urticaire chronique spontanée. Il a été démontré récemment que les anticorps anti-IL (interleukines)-4 et anti-IL-13 ainsi que les inhibiteurs des Janus kinases (JAK) étaient efficaces dans la dermatite atopique modérée à sévère. Dans la pelade sévère, les inhibiteurs des JAK semblent prometteurs. Le ligélizumab et le némolizumab vont compléter les options thérapeutiques de l'urticaire chronique et du prurigo respectivement. Ces avancées permettent d'améliorer la qualité de vie de personnes présentant des pathologies dermatologiques invalidantes, à un certain coût.

[Micrographic surgery and its variants]. / La chirurgie micrographique et ses variantes.

Cutaneous tumours can be ill-delineated and subclinical tumour can be missed when using the usual methods of pathology processing because only less than 1 % of the margin is examined. Micrographic surgery was developed to allow for examination of 100 % of the margin. It reduces the recurrence rate and spares healthy tissue thus reducing lesion size and facilitating reconstruction. This method is particularly suitable for peri-orificial cutaneous tumours of the face with high rates of local recurrence. Mohs micrographic surgery is the main technique for frozen tissue and there are other often under-recognized variations using permanent paraffin sections known as the «â€…collerette ¼ ( spaghetti), «â€…muffin ¼ or the «â€…Tübinger Torte ¼ method.

Certaines tumeurs cutanées ont des ramifications infracliniques ponctuelles qui peuvent être non visualisées en histologie classique, puisque moins de 1 % des marges sont observées. La chirurgie micrographique s'est développée dans le but d'obtenir un contrôle histologique de 100 % des marges d'excision, aboutissant à un faible taux de récidive, tout en permettant une épargne des tissus sains. Les pertes de substance étant moins grandes, les reconstructions sont moins lourdes. Cette méthode s'applique tout particulièrement aux tumeurs péri-orificielles du visage à haut risque de récidive. Parmi les techniques sur tissu congelé, la plus connue est celle selon Mohs. Il existe d'autres variantes avec technique de fixation au formol, souvent méconnues et sous-utilisées, telles que la méthode de la collerette ( spaghetti), le muffin ou en gâteau.

[Phenolisation: treatment of choice for ingrown nails]. / Phénolisation†: traitement chirurgical de choix pour les ongles incarnés.

Ingrown nails are a common and painful pathology not always responding to local treatment. Destroying the matrix by application of phenol (phenolisation) has proven its superiority over the so called classic surgical methods. This is partially due to the exceptional properties of phenol: demyelinisation of the terminal nerve fibres provides long-term pain relief, the coagulation of proteins stops bleeding and the molecule has antiseptic properties. Phenolisation requires only few resources and can be widely used. Recurrence rates are particularly low at 2 %. We present this technique as the treatment of choice for ingrown nails.

L'ongle incarné est une pathologie fréquente et douloureuse ne répondant pas toujours à des soins locaux. La technique par destruction chimique par phénol (phénolisation) a montré sa supériorité par rapport aux méthodes chirurgicales dites classiques. Ceci s'explique par les propriétés particulièrement intéressantes du phénol : effet antalgique à long terme par démyélinisation des fibres nerveuses terminales, une cautérisation par coagulation des protéines ainsi que des propriétés antiseptiques. La phénolisation nécessite peu de matériel et peut s'appliquer à une large frange de la population. De plus, elle présente un taux de récidives particulièrement bas à 2 %. Pour toutes ces raisons, c'est un traitement de choix dans l'arsenal thérapeutique des ongles incarnés.

Preclinical noninvasive markers of atherosclerosis in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes are influenced by physical activity.

OBJECTIVES: To measure preclinical noninvasive markers of atherosclerosis in youth with type 1 diabetes (T1DM), and to determine their associations between physical activity level and cardiorespiratory fitness (maximal oxygen consumption [VO2max]). STUDY DESIGN: This was a cross-sectional study including 32 patients with T1DM and 42 healthy subjects aged 6 to 17 years. Main outcome measures included arterial flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and intima-media thickness with high-resolution ultrasonography; physical activity by accelerometer (valid 26 patients with T1DM, 35 healthy subjects) and VO2max. RESULTS: Compared with healthy control subjects, patients with T1DM had higher intima-media thickness (mean 0.50 mm [0.48-0.52, 95% CI] vs 0.48 [0.47-0.49], P=.02) and reduced FMD (4.9% [4.1%-5.7%] vs 7.3 [6.4-8.1], P=.001), VO2max (45.5 mL/kg/min [43.0-48.0] vs 48.7 [46.7-50.6], P