[MODERN VIEW ON INTENSIVE THERAPY OF GASTRO-INTESTINAL HEMORRHAGE].

Basing on analysis of the treatment results in 47 patients for gastro-intestinal hemorrhage, the experience of application of a tranexamic acid in a content of infusion therapy and hemaxam per os was adduced. The data obtained witness the expediency of hemaxam application in a content of therapy on the stage of a hemorrhage letup and for the recurrence prevention.

[On the problem of medicamentous therapy of chronic polypous rhinosinusitis].

Chronic polypous rhinosinusitis (CPS) is currently regarded as a condition requiring medicamentous therapy rather than surgical treatment at the early stages. The choice of therapeutic modalities depends on pathogenetic mechanisms underlying formation of polyps. The International Consensus Conference on Nasal Polyposis (2006) and European documents EAACI - EP3OS (2007) recommend topical (endonasal) glucocorticoids, systemic antibiotics (long-term treatment with low doses of macrolides), antimycotic preparations, and other pharmaceuticals as the main medicinal products for the management of polypous rhinosinusitis (PR). Based on the concept of CPS as an immune-dependent condition, the authors developed the rationale for the use of immunomodulators in combination with etiotropic drugs (antiviral, antibacterial, and antimycotic) for the management of this disease. Advantages of Imunofan application (both local and systemic) during surgical intervention for the treatment of nasal polyps are discussed. It is concluded that combined medicamentous treatment restricts the growth and recurrence of nasal polyps.

[Pathogenesis and clinical features of polypous rhinosinusitis].

The paper presents recommendations of the current European and Russian documents concerning pathogenesis of polypous rhinosinusitis (International Consensus Conference on Nasal Polyposis (2006), European documents EAACI - EP3OS (2007), and Summit of the Russian Society of Rhinologists "Nasal polyposis and inflammation" (2009)). The bilateral polypous process in the nasal cavity is considered to be a "special form of rhinosinusitis" in which bacterial superantigens or fungal infection induce chronic eosinophilic inflammation. Researchers of the ENT Department, Rostov State Medical University, undertook analysis of the results of long-term comprehensive examination of patients with polypous rhinosinusitis that included clinical, bacteriological, histomorphological, and allergological studies as well as evaluation of local and systemic immunity. The data obtained allowed to describe one of the forms of polypous rhinosinusitis as chronic infection-dependent allergic rhinosinusitis with the manifestation of all four types of allergic reactions, formation of the autoimmune component, and development of persistent immune inflammation leading to remodeling of endonasal mucosa. In all these cases, the process progressed parallel to the development of combined secondary immune deficiency (SID). A hypothetical scheme of pathogenesis of chronic polypous allergic rhinosinusitis is proposed.

Tunable-frequency high-field electron paramagnetic resonance.

A tunable-frequency methodology based on backward wave oscillator sources in high-frequency and -field EPR (HFEPR) is described. This methodology is illustrated by an application to three non-Kramers transition metal ion complexes and one Kramers ion complex. The complexes are of: Ni(II) (S=1) as found in dichlorobistriphenylphosphanenickel(II), Mn(III) (S=2) as found in mesotetrasulfonatoporphyrinatomanganese(III) chloride, Fe(II) (S=2) as found in ferrous sulfate tetrahydrate, and Co(II) (S=3/2) as found in azido(tris(3-tert-butylpyrazol-1-yl)hydroborate)cobalt(II). The above Ni(II) and Mn(III) complexes have been studied before by HFEPR using the multifrequency methodology based on Gunn oscillator sources, but not by the present method, while the Fe(II) and Co(II) complexes presented here have not been studied by any form of HFEPR. Highly accurate spin Hamiltonian parameters can be obtained by the experimental methodology described here, in combination with automated fitting procedures. This method is particularly successful in determining g-matrix parameters, which are very difficult to extract for high-spin systems from single frequency (or a very limited set of multi-frequency) HFEPR spectra, but is also able to deliver equally accurate values of the zero-field splitting tensor. The experimental methods involve either conventional magnetic field modulation or an optical modulation of the sub-THz wave beam. The relative merits of these and other experimental methods are discussed.

[The treatment of purulent-destructive complications of acute surgical diseases and damages of the peritoneal cavity organs].

There were presented the data concerning the results of application of the puncture miniinvasive methods of treatment under ultrasonographic investigation control in 43 patients, suffering purulent-destructive complications of acute diseases and damages of the peritoneal cavity organs. Methods of the puncture sanation and drainage were applied. There was established high efficacy of the methods as the compound of detoxicational therapy and ultimate treatment of false pancreatic cyst and the abdominal cavity abscess.

A family of highly active copper(I)-homoscorpionate catalysts for the alkyne cyclopropenation reaction.

Equimolar mixtures of ethyl diazoacetate and alkynes can be converted into cyclopropenes in very high yields, at room temperature, through the intermediacy of readily available Cu(I) catalysts containing trispyrazolylborate ligands.

[Pathogenesis, surgical treatment and prophylaxis of goiter recurrence]. / Patohenez, khirurhichne likuvannia ta profilaktyka retsydyvu zoba.

The causes of the nontoxic goiter recurrency occurrence, the prophylactic methods and the results were analysed according to the data obtained while examination and treatment of 115 patients. The autoimmune damage of a leaved thyroidal gland remnant constitutes one of the causes of the genuine recurrency of goiter.

[Remission of paroxysmal progredient schizophrenia in forensic psychiatric practice]. / Remissii pristupoobrazno-progredientnoi shizofrenii v sudebno-psikhiatricheskoi praktike.

The medico-legal investigation of remissions was performed in 107 patients with paroxysmal progredient schizophrenia admitted to the V.P. Serbsky All-Union Institute of Forensic Psychiatry. The study yielded some particular clinical variants of the remissions: asthenic, hyperthymic-hypersthenic, explosive and paranoid. The relation was shown between social danger imposed by the patients, their remission form and various social factors.

[Percutaneous-supracutaneous ligation of the veins in the complex surgical treatment of varicose veins]. / Chreskozhno-nadkozhnoe ligirovanie ven v komplekse khirurgicheskogo lecheniia varikoznoi bolezni.

The proposed method of percutaneous-supracutaneous ligation in combination with the method of Troyanov--Trendelenburg--Bebkock was used in operation on 233 patients. Long-term results were studied in 125 patients. Excellent results were obtained in 98 patients, good results-in 27 patients.

[Experimento-clinical basis for using papain in purulent surgery]. / Eksperimental'no-klinicheskoe obosnovanie primeneniia papaina v gnoinoi khirurgii.

Experimental injections of a home-made proteolytic enzyme of vegetative origin--papain--in doses 5 to 36 mg/kg have not provoked any toxic effect upon the body and the serous membranes. The clinical use of 0.2-0.5% papain solution for the local treatment of purulent processes has proved its high proteolytic activity and its ability to shorten the first phase of the wound process. The preparation does not cause any local or general complications and can be successfully used in purulent surgery in hospital and in out-patient practice.

[Effect of the proteolytic enzyme papain on the body organs and systems of experimental animals]. / Vliianie proteoliticheskogo fermenta papaina na nekotorye organy i sistemy organizma éksperimental'nykh zhivotnykh.

When administered intravenously and intraarterially papaine (2.5 and 10 mg/kg) produces no toxic effects on respiration, arterial pressure, brain and intracranial circulation. Intrapleural, intraperitoneal and interstitial administration of papaine solutions in doses under 4.5 mg/kg produces no local or general changes on the part of experimental animals' organism.

[Effect adrenaline and ephedrine against a background of aminazine on systemic, cerebral and extracerebral hemodynamics]. / Vliianie adrenaline i éfedrina na fone aminazina na obshchuiu, tserebral'nuiu i ékstratserebral'nuiu gemodinamiku.

Experiments with anesthetized cats demonstrated chlorpromazine (2 mg/kg) to pervert the vasopressor action of adrenaline (5 mkg/kg) and ephedrine (2 mg/kg) on the systemic arterial pressure, cerebral and extracerebral tonicity of the vessels. The authors believe that with chlorpromazine pretreatment the adrenomimetics produce a selective stimulation of the beta-adrenergic receptors, this accounting for the observed depressor effect.

[Effect of aminazine on cerebral circulation]. / Vliianie aminazina na mozgovoe krovoobrashchenie

In acute experiments on anesthetized cats intravenous injection of chloromazine (2--3 mg/kg) caused a reduction in the tone of the cerebral vessels and decreased the general arterial pressure. The cerebral blood circulation increased with the stable arterial pressure or its moderate decrease. With a significant fall of arterial pressure the cerebral blood flow proved to decrease.