Clinical features and treatment outcomes of intraocular and ocular adnexal metastasis.

The aim of this study was to investigate the primary sites, clinical characteristics, and treatment outcomes of patients with metastatic tumors in the eye and ocular adnexa. This retrospective case series consisted of 42 patients diagnosed with intraocular metastasis (IM) or ocular adnexal metastasis (OAM) at a tertiary center between January 2001 and June 2023. The patients comprised 18 men and 24 women; 24 (57%) and 18 (43%) patients were diagnosed with IM and OAM, respectively. In the IM group, the primary tumors originated from the lungs (79%), followed by the breasts (17%). In the OAM group, the primary tumors originated from the breasts (33%). Previously, 57% of the patients had been diagnosed with cancer. In the IM group, 38% exhibited bilateral involvement. Only 6% of the patients with OAM had bilateral diseases. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival (OS) was 42%, 18%, and 7%, respectively. The median OS since metastasis diagnosis in the lungs and breast was 11.8 and 10.5 months, respectively. Lung cancer remains the predominant primary cancer in IM, whereas breast cancer is the major cancer in OAM. Despite poor OS, early detection will facilitate the prompt treatment of primary cancer and metastatic sites.

Clinical characteristics, radiologic features, and histopathology of biopsied lacrimal gland tumors.

Herein, we described the clinicopathologic and radiologic features of biopsied lacrimal gland tumors. A retrospective case series of 79 patients treated between 2004 and 2021 was reviewed. The median age was 48.9 years (range 18.3-88.3 years), with 51.9% females. The histopathologic diagnoses were as follows: immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) = 23, reactive lymphoid hyperplasia = 14, lymphoma = 14, nonspecific inflammation = 10, adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) = 9, and pleomorphic adenoma = 9. The proportion of histopathologic diagnoses did not differ significantly over the range of symptom durations (≤ 1 month, > 1-3 months, > 3 months). Patients with ACC had significantly shorter symptom duration and more frequent proptosis than those with pleomorphic adenoma (p = 0.040 and p = 0.009, respectively). Patients with IgG4-RD were older (median 54.3 years) than those with nonspecific inflammation (36.2 years; p = 0.046). Patients with ACC were more likely to present with diplopia than those with lymphoma (p < 0.001). The superior wedge sign increased the likelihood of ACC compared with that of non-epithelial non-malignant lacrimal gland tumors (relative risk ratio = 13.44, p = 0.002). The overall survival of patients with ACC and lymphoma did not differ significantly. Although these patients present with a short symptom duration, urgent orbital imaging, tissue biopsy, and prompt treatment should be performed in patients with lacrimal gland tumors.