RESUMO
A method, involving a HPLC prepurification followed by a GC/MS analysis, has been set up for the measurement of nucleic acid oxidation products in human urine. For this purpose, isotopically labeled internal standards have been prepared and used for isotope dilution mass spectrometric detection. Using this approach, four oxidized DNA bases, i.e., 5-hydroxyuracil, 5-(hydroxymethyl)uracil, 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroadenine, and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine, together with 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine have been simultaneously quantified in human urine samples. The levels of the oxidized nucleic acid constituents, as expressed in picomoles per milliliter, were determined to be, in decreasing order: 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (583 +/- 376) > 5-(hydroxymethyl)uracil (121 +/- 56) > 5-hydroxyuracil (58 +/- 23) > 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (30 +/- 15) > 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroadenine (7 +/- 4). Attempts to determine the amount of 5,6-dihydroxy-5,6-dihydrothymine, 5-hydroxycytosine, and 2,6-diamino-4-hydroxy-5-formamidopyrimidine using the above HPLC-GC/MS method were unsuccessful.
Assuntos
Dano ao DNA , DNA/química , Nucleosídeos/urina , 8-Hidroxi-2'-Desoxiguanosina , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Desoxiadenosinas/urina , Desoxiguanosina/análogos & derivados , Desoxiguanosina/urina , Cromatografia Gasosa-Espectrometria de Massas , Guanina/análogos & derivados , Guanina/urina , Humanos , Marcação por Isótopo , Nucleosídeos/química , Oxirredução , Pentoxil (Uracila)/análogos & derivados , Pentoxil (Uracila)/urina , Reprodutibilidade dos TestesRESUMO
Four different heterocyclic dopamine bioisosteres were synthesized. The affinity and selectivity of these compounds for the D-1 and D-2 classes of the dopamine receptor were determined in competition binding experiments using synaptosomal membranes from bovine caudate nuclei and [3H]SCH 23390 (D-1 selective) and [3H]spiperone (D-2 selective) as radioligands. None of these compounds expressed significant affinity for the D-1 receptors, while compounds 3, 4, 2 and 1 in this order of potency strongly competed with [3H]spiperone binding to D-2 receptors under conditions that prevented radioligand binding to serotonin 5HT2 receptors (50 nM ketanserin). Compounds 3 and 4 behave as agonists as judged by the data obtained in competition binding experiments in the presence of Gpp(NH)p, the former (3) expressing a very high affinity for D-2 receptors.
