[The study of the frequency and features of bacteria isolated in patients with non-tuberculosis respiratory disorders admitted in "M. Nasta" Institute in the first trimester 2001]. / Studiul frecventei si caracterelor florei bacteriene în pneumopatiile netuberculoase la bolnavii internati în Institutul "Marius Nasta" în primul trimestru al anului 2001.

The aim of this study was to determine the spectrum of bacteria isolated in patients with non-TB respiratory disorders, in order to find the frequency of germs isolated globally and in each of the 6 clinical syndromes: suppurations, chronic obstructive diseases exacerbations (COPD, bronchial asthma), pneumopathies, post-TB syndromes, tumors and interstitial lung diseases. We found the greatest global frequency in anaerobes (35%). This is in concordance with the high frequency of broncho-pulmonary suppurations (51% of the cases studied). In second place comes Ps. aeruginosa (18%), followed by Str. Pneumoniae (16%), H. influenzae (11%) and Klebsiella pn. (10%). Considering the germs identified in the various clinical syndromes, we found a high frequency of anaerobes associated to suppurations (51%), interstitial lung diseases (43%) and tumors (37%), while Ps. aeruginosa is first in post-TB syndromes (50%) and COPD exacerbations (21%), equal to H. influenzae. In pneumonias, Str. Pneumoniae was most frequently isolated (38%) followed by H. influenzae (25%). The susceptibility testing of strains of Klebsiella and Ps. aeruginosa revealed the increasing tendency to resistance to broad spectrum antibiotics, especially for Ps. aeruginosa, with consecutive difficulties in finding the appropriate treatment.

[The bacterial spectrum in bronchopulmonary infections]. / Spectrul bacterian al infectiilor bronhopulmonare.

UNLABELLED: This study aimed to establish the bacterial profile of bronchopulmonary infections confirmed by the cytobacteriological examination of sputum, in order to find therapeutical guidelines for empirical treatment. We included in the study 408 patients with clinical signs of bronchopulmonary infection (cough and mucopurulent sputum, fever) among which 294 hospitalised patients (5.5% of the 5280 admitted in 1997) and 114 outpatients. The sputum samples collected respecting the decontamination methods were examined cytobacteriologically (smear, culture and antibiogram). The spectrum of isolated bacteria was the following: H. influenzae--198 cases, anaerobes--54, Kl. pneumoniae--53, Ps. aeruginosa--50, S. pneumoniae--17. Analyzing the diseases for which the bacterial examination was performed, we found the following distribution: COPD--66, bacterial infections in TB patients--61, chronic suppurations--33, bronchiectasis--37, pulmonary abscess--24. We noticed the high frequency of H. influenzae and important numbers of anaerobes, Kl. pneumoniae and Ps. aeruginosa especially in COPD patients and patients with chronic suppurations. We performed antibiograms for establishing the sensitivity of bacterial samples (S. aureus, Kl. pneumoniae, Ps. aeruginosa, beta-lactamase-positive H. influenzae). Most of them were multidrug-resistant. CONCLUSIONS: 1. The cytobacteriological study of sputum may be useful for choosing the right treatment, especially for the patients with multiple antibiotic treatments and infected with multidrug resistant bacteria; 2. Knowing the bacterial spectrum in certain respiratory diseases allows the choice of empirical treatment for bronchopulmonary infections in uncomplicated cases.