[Tobacco consumption in the population insured by Mexican Institute of Social Security]. / Consumo de tabaco en la población derechohabiente del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of tobacco consumption among the active insured population of the Mexican Social Security Institute. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study in which the active insured population from the 36 political delegations was interviewed by means of a structured and self-applicable questionnaire on tobacco consumption, age of initiation, amount of cigarettes consumed and suspension. RESULTS: The sample consisted of 45 117 subjects, of which approximately half were men and half women. Smoking prevalence in men was 40% and in women, 17.6%. Prevalence was highest in the north of the country. There is an effect of age on tobacco consumption and more than half started smoking during adolescence. CONCLUSIONS: Smoking prevalence was found to be high, however, the average number of cigarettes is low. Suspension index is low. Public health measures are necessary to diminish this addiction.

[Mortality among the workers of the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social from 1983 to 1987]. / La mortalidad de los trabajadores del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social de 1983 a 1987.

A study on mortality of 2,268 workers of the Mexican Social Security Institute was done during 1983-1987 in order to obtain accurate information to specifically determine to those, activities which promote the health and improve the life conditions of the workers of the aforementioned institution. This information relates to the first step of the study, so it doesn't lead us to value judgements, because it would fall into speculations. However, it creates an important data to subsequently explore, by means of further studies, in the casualty of the existing results.

[Left ventricular mural thrombus in acute anterior myocardial infarct]. / Trombo mural del ventrículo izquierdo en el infarto agudo del miocardio de localización anterior.

Fifty-six consecutive patients with acute anterior infarction were studied by two-dimensional echocardiography to determine the incidence and complications of left-ventricular thrombosis. Mean follow-up period was 4.4 months. Left-ventricular thrombus was demonstrated in 14 patients (25%) between 25 and 54 days after infarction (group A), in 42 patients (group B) it was not demonstrated. Apical and septal dyskinesis, and Forrester's hemodynamic subset-III were significantly (P less than 0.02) associated with thrombus development. Ten patients of group A received heparin (6.6 days mean); the remaining four patients received aspirin and dipyridamole. Thrombi formation were not significantly prevented with both treatments (chi 2 = 0.635). During follow-up period, thrombus persisted in 6 patients of group A, all of them with apical and septal dyskinesis. Three patients had a cerebrovascular accident (5.3%), one of them of group A; no heparin anticoagulation was administered in two. We conclude that apical and septal dyskinesis during acute anterior infarction is generally associated with mural thrombi development. Due to the embolic risk therapeutic anticoagulation must be considered in these patients.