RESUMO
Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is a multifactorial disease with both environmental and genetic factors involved in its pathogenesis. PURPOSE: The study evaluates the role of a number of environmental and genetic risk factors in the risk of POAG development and builds a prognostic model. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study group included 197 patients aged 44 to 90 years (98 - patients with POAG, 99 - the control group), who were treated in the Republican Clinical Ophthalmological Hospital of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan named after Prof. E.V. Adamyuk. RESULTS: Age, family history of the disease, presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension were revealed to be associated with an increased risk of POAG development. The polymorphisms of matrix metalloproteinase MMP9 and vitamin D receptor (VDR) genes were shown to influence the development of POAG. The prognostic model considering these factors had high sensitivity and specificity (72.0% and 82.6% respectively). CONCLUSION: The prognostic model based on environmental and genetic factors is important for assessing the risk of POAG and early detection of the disease.
