The removal of heavy metal pollution from wastewaters using thermophilic B. cereus SO-16 bacteria.

In this study, bioaccumulation, remediation, tolerance, and effects of manganese ions (Mn(II)) and copper ions (Cu(II)) on antioxidant enzymes of thermophilic Bacillus cereus (B. cereus) SO-16 were investigated in detail. The findings of the study showed that Mn(II) was less toxic than Cu(II) to B. cereus SO-16. Moreover, B. cereus SO-16 was exhibited less tolerance to Mn(II) and Cu(II) ions in the liquid medium compared to the solid medium. The growth of bacteria was expressively effective for Mn(II) and Cu(II) concentrations of 2.5 mg/L at 24th h. The highest Mn(II) and Cu(II) bioaccumulation values after 48 h incubation of thermophilic B. cereus SO-16 were measured as 102.04 (24th h) and 87.96 (36th h) metal/dry bacteria weight. The change in morphology and functionality of B. cereus SO-16 after interaction with Mn(II) and Cu(II) was tested using various methods. The results indicated that B. cereus SO-16, a thermophilic bacterium, can be utilized in industrial wastewaters to recover and remediation of toxic metals.

Anoxybacillus flavithermus loaded ɣ-Fe2O3 magnetic nanoparticles as an efficient magnetic sorbent for the preconcentrations of Cu(II) and Mn(II).

It was hypothesized that -iron( oxide nanoparticles (É£-Fe2O3 NPs) functionalized with Anoxybacillus flavithermus (A. flavithermus) as an effective magnetic sorbent for the preconcentrations of toxic metal ions. It is clear to conclude that the main novelty of this study is that É£-Fe2O3 NPs loaded with A. flavithermus is selective-specific for Cu(II), Mn(II). Structural functional groups of the samples were elucidated by FTIR, and SEM. Significant experimental parameters were investigated in detail. 0.2 mL min-1 of flow rate, 5 mL of 1 M of hydrochloric acid as eluent, 150 mg biogenic mass sample, and 150 mg É£-Fe2O3 NPs for supporting material were found as the best conditions. This developed method has been tested and verified using certified and standard reference materials. As a result of the studies, the pre-concentration factor of the Cu(II), Mn(II) metals was calculated as 40. All measurements showed that the developed solid-phase extraction (SPE) columns are available for 32 cycles. The use of É£-Fe2O3 NPs equipped with A. flavithermus as an effective magnetic sorbent for the first measurements of ions was thoroughly studied. In order of the biosorption capacities were calculated as 26.0, and 30.3 mg/g for Cu(II), Mn(II), respectively. The developed method for specifying the samples showed excellent to excellent results.

Preconcentrations of Cu (II) and Mn (II) by magnetic solid-phase extraction on Bacillus cereus loaded γ-Fe2O3 nanomaterials.

For the simultaneous preconcentrations of Cu(II) and Mn(II), a novel preconcentration technique was developed and described. Bacillus cereus loaded magnetic É£-Fe2O3 nanoparticles were prepared and used as support materials on solid-phase extraction procedure. Important experimental parameters were investigated in details and pH 6.0, 3 mL min-1 of flow rate, 5 mL of 1 mol L-1 of HCl as eluent, 200 mg of biomass, and 200 mg of magnetic É£-Fe2O3 nanoparticles as support material was found as the best conditions. The preconcentrations factor were found to be 80 for Cu (II) and Mn(II). It was confirmed by the results that SPE columns could be used in 32 cycles. The LOD values calculated for Cu (II) and Mn (II) were 0.09 and 0.08 ng mL-1, respectively. The RSD values found were less than 3.4%. The extraction recoveries were achieved as higher than 98%. The biosorption capacities of Cu (II), and Mn (II) were 26.0 mg g-1, 30.3 mg g-1 respectively. The approach devised for analyzing analyte concentrations in food samples proved to be successful.

The effect of bronchiectasis on the exacerbation and mortality of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

BACKGROUND: Coexistence of bronchiectasis with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may lead to the worsening of the functional parameters in exacerbations and may negatively affect the outcomes. METHODS: This study is a retrospective cross-sectional study that aims to investigate the relationships between bronchiectasis with COPD exacerbation and all-cause of mortality. We retrospectively enrolled 122 cases hospitalized for COPD exacerbation from 2010 to 2016. Patients who underwent thoracic tomography in the previous year of the index exacerbation were included in the study. Patients who admitted to the intensive care unit and patients with infected bronchiectasis and with conditions that mimic COPD exacerbation were excluded from the study. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory findings, comorbidities and the number of exacerbations in the previous year and the presence of bronchiectasis were recorded using hospital electronic registry. The radiological evaluation of bronchiectasis was made by the modified Reiff score (MRS). RESULTS: Bronchiectasis was found in 66 (54%) of 122 patients included in the study. The mean age was 67.5 ± 10.3 in the whole group, 108 (88.5%) of the patients were male, and 14 (11.5%) were female. When patients were stratified according to the presence of bronchiectasis, no statistically significant difference was found in terms of comorbidity scores, respiratory functions, exacerbation parameters, laboratory values and all cause of mortality between the groups (p > 0.05). There was no statistical relation between the presence of bronchiectasis and long-term survival (log-rank test p = 0.83). CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that patients with bronchiectasis did not cause a poor outcome in patients with COPD exacerbation.