A sibling-controlled study of intelligence and academic performance following Reye syndrome.

The authors compared the intellectual, cognitive and academic abilities of 22 survivors of Reye syndrome attending normal schools with the sibling nearest in age as control. The British Ability Scales, visual and verbal IQ, short-term memory scales and attainment tests were administered to all children. Reye syndrome children as a group differed significantly from the controls only on the basic number skills test. However, children with severe encephalopathy and those whose illness occurred in infancy had significant deficits on many of the tests. 18 children recovered without requiring 'additional educational provision'; the mean IQ of the 22 Reye syndrome children was 101. Nonetheless, these children's poor performance on the basic number skills test has important implications for teachers, and careful monitoring of future educational performance is essential.

The effectiveness of mosquito coils containing esbiothrin under laboratory and field conditions.

Tests were made to correlate the chemical content of mosquito coils with the knockdown and bite-inhibitory action of the smoke in the laboratory and with the protective effect in field use. Smoke from a blank coil, containing no pyrethroid, gave no knockdown, 10% inhibition of biting in the laboratory using Aedes aegypti, and 39% protection in field tests in village huts on the Kenyan coast with a mixed population of mosquitoes including 71% Anopheles gambiae. Coils containing low experimental contents of 0.044% and 0.099% Esbiothrin, an isomer blend rich in the D-allethrolone ester of D-trans-chrysanthemic acid, gave rapid knockdown in both small chamber and 25 m3 room tests, and 71% and 94% inhibition of biting respectively in the laboratory. In the field they gave 74% and 84% protection from mosquitoes alighting. Chemical content was therefore a good guide to knockdown and bite inhibition in the laboratory and also to the considerable protection found in the field.

Similarities and differences in behaviour between mentally handicapped and normal preschool children during play.

When 12 normal preschool children and 12 mentally handicapped children of similar mental age were individually observed during peer group play, more similarities than differences were found in the incidence of 28 behaviours. However, the behaviours for which significant differences were found included those likely to be most relevant to social acceptance. Mutual social involvement of normal and handicapped children during integrated play may require not only attention to the constitution of the group but also manipulation of the conditions and environment.

Diagnostic value of a psychological test in cases of suspected child abuse.

The use of the Bene-Anthony Family Relations Test is described and illustrated by three examples of child abuse. This test should be considered in the investigation of definite or suspected cases of abuse and as part of the preparation of court evidence.