RESUMO
We present seven cases of orofacial granulomatosis occurring in paediatric patients aged 6-16 years. All patients were investigated for Crohn's disease and a strong association was found. All patients were treated with intralesional corticosteroid injections with excellent clinical responses. We review the literature and discuss the epidemiological association between childhood orofacial granulomatosis and Crohn's disease, as well as various treatment options, and propose a treatment protocol that was efficacious and well tolerated in all our patients.
Assuntos
Corticosteroides/administração & dosagem , Doença de Crohn/complicações , Granulomatose Orofacial/complicações , Granulomatose Orofacial/tratamento farmacológico , Administração Tópica , Adolescente , Anestésicos Locais/administração & dosagem , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Injeções Intralesionais/efeitos adversos , Masculino , Dor/etiologia , Manejo da Dor , Resultado do Tratamento , Vibração/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
We have defined roles for the hemopoietic-specific Rho guanosine triphosphatase, Rac2, in B lymphocyte development and function through examination of rac2(-/-) mice. Rac2-deficient mice displayed peripheral blood B lymphocytosis and marked reductions in peritoneal cavity B-1a lymphocytes, marginal zone B lymphocytes, and IgM-secreting plasma cells as well as reduced concentrations of serum IgM and IgA. The rac2(-/-) B lymphocytes exhibited reduced calcium flux following coligation of B cell AgR and CD19 and reduced chemotaxis in chemokine gradients. T cell-independent responses to DNP-dextran were of reduced magnitude, but normal kinetics, in rac2(-/-) mice, while T-dependent responses to nitrophenyl-keyhole limpet hemocyanin were subtly abnormal. Rac2 is therefore an essential element in regulating B lymphocyte functions and maintaining B lymphocyte populations in vivo.
