Synthesis, characterization of 1,2,4-triazole Schiff base derived 3d-metal complexes: Induces cytotoxicity in HepG2, MCF-7 cell line, BSA binding fluorescence and DFT study.

Two novel Schiff base ligands H2L1 and H2L2 have been synthesized by condensation reaction of amine derivative of 1,2,4-triazole moiety with 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde. Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) of the synthesized Schiff bases were prepared by using a molar ratio of ligand:metal as 1:1. The structure of the Schiff bases and synthesized metal complexes were established by 1H NMR, UV-Vis, IR, Mass spectrometry and molar conductivity. The thermal stability of the complexes was study by TGA. Fluorescence quenching mechanism of metal complexes 1-4 show that Zn(II) and Cu(II) complex binds more strongly to BSA. In DFT studies the geometries of Schiff bases and metal complexes were fully optimized with respect to the energy using the 6-31+g(d,p) basis set. The spectral data shows that the ligands behaves as binegative tridentate. On the basis of the spectral studies, TGA and DFT data an octahedral geometry has been assigned for Co(II), Ni(II), square planar for Cu(II) and tetrahedral for Zn(II) complexes. The anticancer activity were screened against human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) and human hepatocellular liver carcinoma cell line (Hep-G2). Result indicates that metal complexes shows increase cytotoxicity in proliferation to cell lines as compared to free ligand.

Potential therapeutic applications of plant toxin-ricin in cancer: challenges and advances.

Cancer is one of the most common devastating disease affecting millions of people per year worldwide. To fight against cancer, a number of natural plant compounds have been exploited by researchers to discover novel anti-cancer therapeutics with minimum or no side effects and plants have proved their usefulness in anti-cancer therapy in past few years. Ricin, a cytotoxic plant protein isolated from castor bean seeds, is a ribosome-inactivating protein which destroys the cells by inhibiting proteins synthesis. Ricin presents great potential as anti-cancer agent and exerts its anti-cancer activity by inducing apoptosis in cancer cells. In this review, we summarize the current information on anti-cancer properties of plant toxin ricin, its potential applications in cancer therapy, challenges associated with its use as therapeutic agent and the recent advances made to overcome these challenges. Nanotechnology could open the doors for quick development of ricin-based anti-cancer therapeutics. Conceivably, ricin may serve as a chemotherapeutic agent against cancer by utilizing nanocarriers for its targeted delivery to cancer cells.

Modern spectroscopic technique in the characterization of biosensitive macrocyclic Schiff base ligand and its complexes: inhibitory activity against plantpathogenic fungi.

Complexes of the type [M(L)Cl2], where M = Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) have been synthesized with a macrocyclic Schiff base ligand (1,4,5,7,10,11,12,15-octaaza,5,11,16,18-tetraphenyl, 3,4,12,13-tetramethyl cyclo-octadecane) derived from Schiff base (obtained by the condensation of 4-aminoantipyrine and dibenzoyl methane) and ethylenediamine. The ligand was characterized on the basis of elemental analysis, IR, (1)H NMR, EI Mass and molecular modeling studies while the complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductance measurements, magnetic susceptibility measurements, IR, electronic and EPR spectral studies. All the complexes are non-electrolyte in nature. The covalency factor (ß) and coefficient factor (α) suggest the covalent nature of the complexes. The ligand and its metal complexes have shown antifungal activity with their LD50 values determined by probit analysis against two economically important fungal plant pathogens i.e. Macrophomina phaseolina and Fusarium solani.

Mn(II) and Cu(II) complexes of a bidentate Schiff's base ligand: spectral, thermal, molecular modelling and mycological studies.

Complexes of manganese(II) and copper(II) of general composition M(L)2X2 have been synthesized [L=2-acetyl thiophene thiosemicarbazone and X=Cl(-) and NO3(-)]. The elemental analysis, molar conductance measurements, magnetic susceptibility measurements, mass, IR, UV, NMR and EPR spectral studies of the compounds led to the conclusion that the ligand acts as a bidentate manner. The Schiff's base ligand forms hexacoordinated complexes having octahedral geometry for Mn(II) and tetragonal geometry for Cu(II) complexes. The thermal studies suggested that the complexes are more stable as compared to ligand. In molecular modelling the geometries of Schiff's base and metal complexes were fully optimized with respect to the energy using the 6-31g(d,p) basis set. The mycological studies of the compounds were examined against the plant pathogenic fungi i.e. Rhizoctonia bataticola, Macrophomina phaseolina, Fusarium odum.

Lanthanide complexes derived from hexadentate macrocyclic ligand: synthesis, spectroscopic and thermal investigation.

The lanthanide complexes derived from (3,5,13,15-tetramethyl 2,6,12,16,21-22-hexaazatricyclo[15.3.I(1-17)I(7-11)]cosa-1(21),2,5,7,9,11(22),12,15,17,19-decane) were synthesized. The complexes were found to have general composition [Ln(L)X(2).H(2)O]X, where Ln=La(3+), Ce(3+), Nd(3+), Sm(3+) and Eu(3+) and X=NO(3)(-) and Cl(-). The ligand was characterized by elemental analyses, IR, Mass, and (1)H NMR spectral studies. All the complexes were characterized by elemental analyses, molar conductance measurements, magnetic susceptibility measurements, IR, Mass, electronic spectral techniques and thermal studies. The ligand acts as a hexadentate and coordinates through four nitrogen atoms of azomethine groups and two nitrogen of pyridine ring. The lanthanum complexes are diamagnetic while the other Ln(III) complexes are paramagnetic. The spectral parameters i.e. nephelauxetic ratio (beta), covalency factor (b(1/2)), Sinha parameter (delta%) and covalency angular overlap parameter (eta) have been calculated from absorption spectra of Nd(III) and Sm(III) complexes. These parameters suggest the metal-ligand covalent bonding. In the present study, the complexes were found to have coordination number nine.

Spectroscopic and biological approach of Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes of 2-pyridinecarboxaldehyde thiosemicarbazone.

Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes having the general composition [M(L)(2)X(2)] [where L=2-pyridinecarboxaldehyde thiosemicarbazone, M=Ni(II) and Cu(II), X=Cl(-), NO(3)(-) and 1/2 SO(4)(2-)] have been synthesized. All the metal complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductance, magnetic moment, mass, IR, EPR and electronic spectral studies. The magnetic moment measurements of the complexes indicate that all the complexes are of high-spin type. On the basis of spectral studies an octahedral geometry has been assigned for Ni(II) complexes whereas tetragonal geometry for Cu(II) except [Cu(L)(2)SO(4)] which posseses five coordinated geometry. The ligand and its metal complexes were screened against phytopathogenic fungi and bacteria in vitro.

Synthesis, spectroscopic, and antimicrobial studies on bivalent nickel and copper complexes of bis(thiosemicrbazone).

A series of metal complexes of Cu(II) and Ni(II) having the general composition [M(L)X(2)] with benzil bis(thiosemicarbazone) has been prepared and characterized by element chemical analysis, molar conductance, magnetic susceptibility measurements, and spectral (electronic, IR, EPR, mass) studies. The IR spectral data suggest the involvement of sulphur and azomethane nitrogen in coordination to the central metal ion. On the basis of spectral studies, an octahedral geometry has been assigned for Ni(II) complexes but a tetragonal geometry for Cu(II) complexes. The free ligand and its metal complexes have been tested in vitro against a number of microorganisms in order to assess their antimicrobial properties.