Evidence provided for the use of oscillating instruments in restorative dentistry: A systematic review.

Oscillating diamond instruments are considered gentle sources for the removal of demineralized tooth hard tissues and the preparation of cavity angles and margins needed in minimally invasive dentistry. However, there is a question if literature provides enough evidence for their efficacy in restorative dentistry procedures. A literature search until May 2016 was conducted, using PubMed, Scopus, and The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases. The quality of the studies was assessed using the recommendation of the Oxford Centre for Evidence-based Medicine. Fifty-five studies were finally included in the study. Of which, 78.2% of them were laboratory studies and only 21.8% were clinical studies. The strength of recommendation was 5 for most of them and D their grade of evidence. Bond strength of adhesives on surfaces prepared with these instruments, effective caries removal and cutting characteristics of the oscillating instruments were the main targets of the studies. Conventional diamond, steel, and chemical vapor deposition diamond tips and systems based on abrasive slurry were the oscillating tips, used in different studies. The strength of recommendation and grade of evidence of the studies were low. Although these devices seem to be useful for many clinical situations, there is a need for more well-structured evidence-based studies with more widely accepted procedures and common devices, to have more meaningful results and conclusions of higher strength.

Oral health care provided by Greek dentists to persons with physical and/or intellectual impairment.

PURPOSE: The study aimed to register information about the oral health care provided to persons with physical and intellectual impairment (PPII) in Greece and to report the dentists' attitudes towards the provision of oral health care. METHODS: A well-designed questionnaire was used to select information on dentists' socioeconomic data, their office characteristics, the performed oral health care and their views about oral health care delivery for PPII. The final sample consisted of 534 dentists. Descriptive statistics and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) has been used for the statistical analysis of the data. RESULTS: Most respondents were general practitioners (79.3%) providing oral health care to PPII, but seven out of ten dentists have not been trained to treat them. According to their opinion, oral health care for PPII demands a lot of time and is hard to accomplish. CONCLUSIONS: Continuing education and training of dentists to treat PPII is essential in Greece.

Oral health care provided by Greek dentists to persons with physical and/or intellectual impairment.

This study evaluated Greek dentists' attitudes toward the provision of oral health care for persons with physical and intellectual impairment (PPII). A questionnaire was used to select information on dentists' socioeconomic data, their office characteristics, oral health care they performed, and their views about oral healthcare delivery for PPII. The final sample consisted of 534 dentists. Descriptive statistics and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) were used for the statistical analysis of the data. Most respondents were general practitioners (79.3%) providing oral health care to PPII, but 70% of the dentists had not been trained to treat them. In their opinion, oral health care for PPII demanded a lot of time and was hard to accomplish. Based on an evaluation of the results, this study suggests that continuing education and training of dentists to treat PPII are essential for this population in Greece.

In vitro marginal adaptation of high-viscosity resin composite restorations bonded to dentin cavities.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the marginal adaptation of high-viscosity resin composite restoratives bonded to dentin in a cylindrical cavity model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The buccal enamel of 64 human premolars was removed and cylindrical cavities 3 mm in diameter and 1.3 mm in depth were prepared on each dentin surface. The cavities were divided into 8 groups of 8 cavities each and restored according to the manufacturers' instructions with the following adhesive/composite systems: Bond 1/Alert, Stae/Glacier, OptiBond Solo/Prodigy Condensable, One-Step/Pyramid, Solidbond/Solitaire, Prime&Bond NT/Surefil, One Coat Bond/Synergy, and Scotchbond 1/Z250. The composite surfaces were pressed against mylar strips, covered with cover slips, and photopolymerized in a single increment for 40 s. The restorations were polished with wet SiC papers of 320 to 1000 grit size to expose dentin margins. The marginal adaptation was evaluated immediately after photopolymerization and again after 1 week of storage in water at 37 +/- 1 degrees C. Evaluation was performed under a metallographic microscope at 200X magnification by recording the frequency of gap-free restorations (GF), the percentage length of the debonded margins relative to the cavity periphery (DM), the width of the maximum marginal gap (MG), and the marginal index (MI = MG x DM / 100). The results were statistically analyzed with one-way ANOVA and the Mann-Whitney U-test at alpha = 0.05. RESULTS: No incidence of gaps was found in 62.5% of One Coat Bond/Synergy and 37.5% of OptiBond Solo/Prodigy Condensable restorations. All the other restorative systems exhibited restorations with gaps. One Coat Bond/Synergy, Scotchbond 1/Z250, and OptiBond Solo/Prodigy Condensable were the groups with the lowest DM values, while Stae/Glacier showed the highest DM values. One Coat Bond/Synergy and OptiBond Solo/Prodigy Condensable revealed the lowest MI values and Stae/Glacier the highest. No statistically significant differences were recorded between immediate evaluation and evaluation after 1 week of water storage. CONCLUSION: The results showed that all the adhesive/composite systems examined failed to achieve gap-free margins with dentin. The restorative systems One Coat Bond/Synergy, Optibond Solo/Prodigy Condensable, and Scotchbond 1/Z250 presented the best marginal adaptation of all the systems tested. No improvement was recorded on the quality of marginal adaptation following 1 week of water storage.