Targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis of mutations in nonsyndromic tooth agenesis candidate genes : Analysis of a Turkish cohort.

PURPOSE: The goal of this study was to assess genes known to be associated with tooth agenesis with next-generation sequencing (NGS) and analyze the relationship between these mutations and tooth agenesis phenotypes. METHODS: The study included 49 individuals aged between 6 and 13 years. A total of 14 genes related to nonsyndromic tooth agenesis were selected for targeted NGS. Mutations in Msh homeobox 1 (MSX1), Wnt family member 10A (WNT10A), axis inhibition protein 2 (AXIN2), keratin 17 (KRT17), lipoprotein receptor 6 (LRP6), and secreted protein, acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC)-related modular calcium-binding protein 2 (SMOC2) genes were investigated. RESULTS: Mutations in six genes were detected in 12 of 49 subjects. Fifteen variants were identified, including the unknown variants c.657G > C in MSX1, c.2029C > T in AXIN2, and c.1603A > T in LRP6. Second premolar tooth agenesis was observed in 43.3% of all tooth agenesis cases with mutations, and it was the predominant phenotype observed for each mutated gene, followed by tooth agenesis of the lateral incisors (20%). CONCLUSIONS: Variations in MSX1, WNT10A, AXIN2, KRT17, LRP6, and SMOC2 may be a risk factor for hypodontia or oligodontia in the Turkish population.

Fracture Resistance of Teeth Restored with Bulk-Fill and Fiber-Reinforced Composites in Class II Cavities / Resistencia a la fractura de dientes restaurados con resinas de relleno y resinas reforzadas con fibra en cavidades clase II

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to evaluate the fracture resistance of teeth restored with conventional, bulk-fill, and fiber-reinforced composite materials regarding intact teeth. Standard cavities were prepared on 70 sound third molar teeth. The teeth were randomly divided into six groups: intact teeth, conventional Bis-GMA based composite, fiber-reinforced composite, Bis-GMA based bulk-fill composite, ormocer based bulk-fill composite, glass containing resin-based bulk-fill composite. The data was obtained by a Universal Testing Machine and analyzed statistically. Fracture resistance of the teeth restored with conventional composite was significantly lower than the other groups (p0.05). The obtained data showed that restoring teeth with bulk-fill and fiber-reinforced composites could be recommended in Class II cavities.

RESUMEN: El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar la resistencia a la fractura de los dientes restaurados con materiales compuestos convencionales, de relleno y reforzados con fibras, en relación con los dientes intactos. Se prepararon cavidades estándar en 70 dientes de terceros molares sanos. Los dientes se dividieron al azar en seis grupos: dientes intactos, compuesto convencional basado en Bis-GMA, compuesto reforzado con fibra, compuesto de relleno a base de Bis-GMA, compuesto de relleno a base de ormocer, compuesto de relleno a base de vidrio que contiene resina. Los resultados fueron obtenidos utilizando una máquina universal de pruebas y analizados estadísticamente. La resistencia a la fractura de los dientes restaurados con el composite convencional fue significativamente menor que la de los otros grupos (p0,05). Los datos obtenidos mostraron que la restauración de dientes con composites de relleno y reforzados con fibra podría ser recomendada en cavidades de Clase II.

Bonding of an ion-releasing restorative material to caries-affected dentin disinfected with photodynamic therapy, Er,Cr:YSGG laser, and chemical disinfectants.

AIM: The study aimed to evaluate the microtensile bond strength (µTBS) of giomer, an ion-releasing restorative material, to caries-affected dentin (CAD) when different cavity disinfectant protocols were applied before the restoration. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty extracted non-carious human third molars were embedded in acrylic resin. The occlusal portions of the samples were excised using an IsoMet saw. After creating artificial caries, samples were divided into six groups (n = 12): sound dentin with no disinfection (Group SD), CAD with no disinfection (Group CAD), CAD disinfected with 2% chlorhexidine gluconate (Group CHX), CAD disinfected with 6% NaOCl (Group NaOCl), CAD disinfected with photodynamic therapy with methylene blue photosensitizer (Group PDT), and CAD disinfected with Er,Cr:YSGG (Group ECYL). Following disinfection protocols, the universal adhesive was applied, and all samples were restored using giomer. Subsequently, µTBS analyses were performed, and data were analyzed statistically. RESULTS: The highest µTBS values were obtained from the SD and CAD groups, which exhibited no statistical differences (p > 0.05). The PDT and ECYL groups had higher µTBS values compared with the CHX and NaOCl groups (p < 0.05), and all disinfection protocols decreased the bond strength to CAD (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The microtensile bond strength of disinfected CAD was greater with Er,Cr:YSGG laser and photodynamic therapy treatment than with chemical disinfectants. Giomer may enhance the bond strength to CAD, which has a weaker bonding potential than sound dentin due to structural differences. However, disinfection protocols adversely affect adhesion between the restorative material and CAD.