RESUMO
There is increasing interest in the role of social support in determining risk for child abuse and neglect. The present study assessed the relationship between maternal social support and two areas: stress in the mother-child relationship: and level of stimulation provided in the home. Maternal social support was assessed prenatally and at a two-year follow-up, while the latter variables were compiled at the two-year follow-up. The data were obtained from 38 urban, low SES (80% on public assistance) mothers and their 2-year-old children. Maternal social support correlated positively with level of stimulation and negatively with level of mother-child stress, and was the best predictor of both, relative to any SES, mother or child variables. In addition, high stress, low support mothers provided significantly less stimulation to their children. The theoretical implications for social support as a mediator variable as well as its implications for early identification and prevention efforts in abuse and neglect are discussed.
Assuntos
Relações Mãe-Filho , Meio Social , Apoio Social , Adolescente , Adulto , Maus-Tratos Infantis , Pré-Escolar , Meio Ambiente , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Mães/psicologia , Estresse Psicológico/psicologiaAssuntos
Asma/psicologia , Acampamento , Testes Psicológicos , Asma/genética , Asma/fisiopatologia , Criança , Emoções , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Ohio , Pais , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
The curiosity behaviors of 20 hyperactive boys, both on and off stimulant drugs, and in relation to 20 nonhyperactive boys, were assessed. Comparisons on object, manipulative, conceptual, perceptual, and reactive curiosity tasks indicated that stimulants reduced only the object curiosity task performance of hyperactive boys, although the level tended to remain above that of nonhyperactive boys. Also, hyperactive boys both on and off drugs tended to have lower conceptual curiosity scores than controls. Implications are discussed.
Assuntos
Transtorno do Deficit de Atenção com Hiperatividade/tratamento farmacológico , Comportamento Exploratório/efeitos dos fármacos , Metilfenidato/farmacologia , Criança , Humanos , Masculino , Metilfenidato/uso terapêutico , Atividade Motora/efeitos dos fármacos , Jogos e Brinquedos , Distribuição AleatóriaRESUMO
In a 15-minute free-play and a 5-minute test session, 13 measures of activity, distractibility, and parental ratings of activity were obtained on three groups of children, consisting of 16 boys referred to a psychological services center for evaluation of possible hyperactivity, 16 referred to that same center for problems other than hyperactivity, and 20 obtained from the local community. Subjects were boys with average intelligence between the ages of 4 and 12 years. Results indicated that the multiple measures of activity and distractibility had significant but relatively low order correlations among themselves. These relationships varied as a function of the subject group. However, there was no sonsistent relationship between the measures of activity and distractibility. The pattern of relationships obtained suggested that both activity level and distractibility are not homogeneous, unidimensional constructs. Results also indicated that boys referred for hyperactivity displayed greater wrist activity in free play, tended to display greater ankle activity in free play, had significantly correlated wrist and ankle activity, and were rated by their parents as more active than other children. This pattern suggested a global restlessness in children referred for hyperactivity that distinguishes them from other children.
