Is decision-making based on the internet during pregnancy a predictive factor for vaccine hesitancy in pregnant women during the pandemic?

Pregnant women frequently use the Internet to get information, and the information they receive is effective in their decision-making. It is known that pregnant women get information about COVID-19 vaccines from the Internet. This study aims to determine whether decision-making based on Internet sources during pregnancy is a predictive factor for vaccine hesitancy in pregnant women during the pandemic. A descriptive, cross-sectional research design was used. The data were collected by using an online survey instrument. There was a positive, moderate, and significant relationship between the self-efficacy perception sub-dimension of the internet decision-making during pregnancy scale and the risk sub-dimension of the vaccine hesitancy in pandemics scale (r: .584, p < .05) and between the self-control sub-dimension of the internet decision-making during pregnancy scale and the risk sub-dimension of the vaccine hesitancy in pandemics scale (r: .546, p < .05). The perception of self-control (ß: .291) affected the lack of confidence, and the perception of self-efficacy (ß: .481) affected the risk perception more than other variables. There was a relationship between internet decision-making and COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in pregnant women. Health professionals, information specialists, and librarians should orient people to reliable sources about vaccines.

The Turkish version of the students' perceptions of respectful maternity care scale: An assessment of psychometric properties.

AIM: The aim of the research was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Turkish validity and reliability of the Students' Perceptions of Respectful Maternity Care (SP-RMC) scale. BACKGROUND: Respectful maternity care is an important contributor to intrapartum care quality and maternal birth satisfaction. Determining students' perceptions of respectful maternity care can identify knowledge gaps and inform their future practice. DESIGN: A descriptive, methodological and cross-sectional design was used. METHODS: This study was conducted with 226 undergraduate nursing and midwifery students in the western region of Turkey. Data were collected between May and December 2022 from students who completed their birth courses (theory and clinical practicum). Data included sociodemographic details and the Students' Perceptions of Respectful Maternity Care scale (Turkish version). Factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha and item-total score analyses were conducted. RESULTS: The mean age of the students was 21.88 (SD 1.39). The average number of births observed was 2.57 (SD 3.16). The scale comprised 18 items including three subdimensions. In both exploratory and confirmatory factor tests, the overall factor loading was greater than 0.30, and the total explained variance was 64.89%. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the scale was 0.91, with Cronbach's alpha values ranging between 0.80 and 0.91 for the subscales. Pearson correlation coefficients of all the items ranged between 0.42 and 0.78. CONCLUSIONS: The SP-RMC (Turkish version) is a valid and reliable measure, with 18 items and three dimensions. In this regard, measuring and reporting respectful maternity care perceptions and intrapartum care experiences of students, who are future members of the profession, could contribute to the improvement of the quality of care and the development of educational interventions for behavioral changes.

The relationship between breastfeeding self-efficacy and gender roles in postpartum women.

Breastfeeding self-efficacy is important for the achievement and maintenance of breastfeeding. For this reason, it is important to investigate the physical, psychological, social, and cultural factors that may affect breastfeeding self-efficacy. This study sought to investigate how gender roles affect breastfeeding self-efficacy. The study had a descriptive, cross-sectional, and co-relational design and was conducted on 213 postpartum women. The data collection tools of the study were the "Demographic Data Collection Form," "BEM Gender Roles Inventory" and "Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale Short Form." Percentages, means, and standard deviation served as the visual representation of descriptive statistics. The difference between the mean scores on the breastfeeding self-efficacy scale according to gender roles was investigated using one-way analysis of variance. In order to identify which measurement was the result of the difference, dependent groups underwent a t-test with Bonferroni correction. Among the women participating in the study, 39.9 percent had feminine, 35.2 percent androgynous, 14.1 percent masculine, and 10.8 percent ambiguous gender roles. It was concluded that women with androgynous gender roles have the highest level of breastfeeding self-efficacy in comparison other gender roles. Considering the inadequacy of education on breastfeeding or lack of counseling service providers for women's gender roles, there emerged a need for supportive care initiatives for the improvement of breastfeeding self-efficacy.

Effects of online antenatal education on worries about labour, fear of childbirth, preparedness for labour and fear of covid-19 during the covid-19 pandemic: A single-blind randomised controlled study.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of online antenatal education on worries about labour, fear of childbirth, preparedness for labour and fear of COVID-19 during the COVID-19 pandemic. DESIGN: A single-blind randomised controlled trial comparing two groups: an antenatal education group and a control group. PARTICIPANTS: The sample consisted of 44 pregnant women. MEASUREMENTS: A demographic data form, The Oxford Worries on Labour Scale, The Fear of Birth Scale, The Prenatal Self Evaluation Questionnaire and The Fear of COVID-19 Scale were used for data collection. FINDINGS: Online antenatal education decreased worries about labour, fear of childbirth and fear of COVID-19 and improved preparedness for labour. KEY CONCLUSIONS: Online antenatal education offered during the COVID-19 pandemic is effective in preparedness for labour. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: As an alternative, online antenatal education should be offered to pregnant women unable to attend face to face education programs due to fear of transmission of infection.

Psychometric evaluation of the women's perception of respectful maternity care scale Turkish version.

This study aimed to assess the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Women's Perception of Respectful Maternity Care Scale. This methodological, cross-sectional study was conducted between December 2020 and July 2021. The sample of the study consisted of 259 women who had vaginal birth and gave birth to a healthy baby with normal birth weight. Data analysis and evaluation were performed using factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha, split-half, item-total score correlation, Hotelling T2, Tukey's test and ceiling and floor effect of the scale. The scale consists of 19 items and three sub-dimensions. The scales explained 76.04 percent of the total variance. In both exploratory and confirmatory factor tests, the overall factor loading was greater than 0.30. In the confirmatory factor analysis, all the goodness-of-fit indexes were greater than 0.90, and the root mean square error of approximation was less than 0.08. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the scale was 0.96, with Cronbach's alpha values ranging between 0.88 and 0.95 for the subscales. In conclusion, this scale can be used by nurses, midwives and other health professionals as a valid and reliable measurement tool to evaluate women's perception of respectful maternity care.

A qualitative study of pregnant women's opinions on COVID-19 vaccines in Turkey.

OBJECTIVES: to examine pregnant Turkish women's opinions on COVID-19 vaccines. DESIGN: a qualitative approach was used to gather data through semi-structured interviews. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING: 16 women about to receive a vaccine during their pregnancy and who did or did not experience vaccine hesitancy participated. ANALYSIS: qualitative content analysis. FINDINGS: three main themes emerged regarding the pregnant women's opinions on COVID-19 vaccines: fear, security/insecurity and social support. KEY CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: pregnant women mostly recalled their babies and fears about COVID-19 vaccines. Although the fear of vaccines created vaccine hesitancy during pregnancy, the fear of contracting COVID-19 led to a positive attitude to the vaccines. It is critical to provide pregnant women with information about COVID-19 and vaccines for the disease in order to enhance vaccination rates among pregnant women.

Examination of the psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the preparation for labor and birth (P-LAB) instrument.

OBJECTIVE: It is known that a positive birth experience depends on the mother's belief and confidence in her ability to successfully achieve the birth. Therefore, it is important to determine women's self-confidence and readiness for childbirth. The purpose of this study is to determine the Turkish validity and reliability and adaptation to the Turkish culture of the Preparation for Labor and Birth instrument that was developed to measure the belief and confidence of pregnant women in their ability to achieve physiological birth. DESIGN: This is a descriptive, cross-sectional, and methodological study. It was conducted from January 30 to June 30, 2021, with 235 healthy pregnant women who are in their third trimester. Data are collected with a sociodemographic form and the Preparation for Labor and Birth instrument (P-LAB). FINDINGS: The Preparation for Labor and Birth instrument consists of 22 items and four subdimensions. The scale explains 69.10% of the total variance. In explanatory and confirmatory factor analysis, factor coefficients are found above 0.30, and most of the fit indices are above 0.90. Cronbach's alpha value is above 0.70 for all scales and subscales. KEY CONCLUSIONS: It is determined that the Preparation for Labor and Birth instrument is valid and reliable for the Turkish sample.

Ramadan Fasting as a Religious Obligation: A Qualitative Study on Opinions and Experiences of Muslim Pregnant Women about Fasting in Turkey.

The aim of this study was to examine opinions and experiences of Muslim pregnant women about Ramadan fasting in Turkey. The study had a descriptive, phenomenological design and included 17 Muslim pregnant women living in Turkey. Content analysis and word cloud analysis were performed. The content analysis revealed two themes. The most frequent words in the word cloud analysis were fasting, pregnancy, Ramadan, fast, religious duty, health, observing a missed fast, relief, concern, baby, thirsty and hungry. The findings of the study showed that religious beliefs, experiences, family and society pressured the pregnant women to keep Ramadan fasts. However, due to feeling worried about their own physical and psychological health and their infants, some of the women did not go on a fast. It can be recommended that pregnant women wanting to keep their fasts should be offered information about possible risks of fasting.

Gender roles and personality traits as predictive factors for fear of childbirth.

Fear of childbirth affects their labor, delivery, and the postpartum period. For this reason, it is important to examine all aspects of fear of childbirth, which has a multifactorial etiology. The purpose of this study is to determine whether gender roles and personality traits predict fear of childbirth among pregnant Turkish women. A cross-sectional study was conducted. It was completed with 200 women in the labor process receiving care in the birthing room of a state hospital. Descriptive statistics were represented by percentages, means, and standard deviation values. Simple regression analysis was employed to examine whether gender roles and Cervantes personality traits predicted fear of childbirth. It was determined that there was a negative relationship between masculine gender role and having an extroverted personality and fear of childbirth. In conclusion, the data suggest that gender roles and personality traits may be useful variables to predict women's fear of childbirth. Future studies that will examine the relationship of gender roles and personality traits with the birth process can bring a new perspective to health professionals and a new dimension to care.

The effects of motherhood and body perception on sexual dysfunctions among pregnant women.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to determine the effects of motherhood and body perception of pregnant women on sexual dysfunction. METHODS: Data were collected using a demographic data form, the Self-Perception of Pregnants Scale (SPPS) and the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI). The study which is cross-sectional was conducted with 280 pregnant women. Percentages, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression analyzes were used for data analysis. FINDINGS: Pregnant women with a positive pregnancy-related motherhood and body perception had low sexual dysfunction. There was a moderately significant positive relationship between sexual functions and pregnancy-related motherhood perception (r: 0.430, p < 0.001) and a moderately significant negative relationship between pregnancy-related body perception (r: -0.376, p < 0.001). CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Healthcare professionals should know what is the motherhood and body perception of pregnants while evaluating sexual health.

Experiences and coping strategies of women receiving treatment for breast and gynecological cancers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to examine experiences and coping strategies of women receiving treatment for breast and gynecological cancers during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: A descriptive, phenomenological approach was adopted. The study included 15 women receiving treatment for breast and gynecological cancers in the chemotherapy center of a university hospital. Data was collected with a descriptive characteristic form and semi-structured in-depth interviews. RESULTS: Data analysis revealed three main themes: Problems, protection and coping. The main theme of 'problems' was grouped into four categories: living with anxiety and fear, social isolation, physical difficulties, and financial difficulties. 'Protection' was grouped into four categories: decreased stigmatization, increased preventive measures, increased communication between family members, and keeping distance. Coping was grouped into four categories: religious practices, social support, positive thinking, and hobbies. CONCLUSIONS: The participants were found to experience psychosocial, financial and physical difficulties. However, they also mentioned positive aspects of the pandemic: elimination of stigmatization due to the obligation for everyone to wear a mask, lack of visits due to the lockdown and enhanced communication with family members due to increased time spent at home. Religious practices, social support, positive thinking and spending time on hobbies were helpful to cope with the problems experienced during the pandemic. The results of this study can guide nurses in offering high-quality nursing care and counseling to women treated for breast and gynecological cancers during the pandemic.

Effects of Sexual Behaviour, Intercourse, Satisfaction-Related Myths and Perceived Spirituality on Sexual Dysfunctions in Muslim Pregnant Women.

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of sexual behaviour, intercourse, satisfaction-related myths and spirituality on sexual dysfunctions in Muslim pregnant women. The study had a descriptive, cross-sectional and correlational design and was performed with 215 Muslim pregnant women. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression analyses were utilized for data analysis. As a result of the multiple regression analyses, sexual dysfunctions were most affected by sexual behaviour myths and least affected by perceived spirituality. It can be suggested that sexuality should be incorporated into prenatal care and counselling.

The effect of nursing care provided based on the philosophy of hypnobirthing on fear, pain, duration, satisfaction and cost of labor: a single-blind randomized controlled study.

Our aim was, to examine the effect of supportive care provided based on the philosophy of HypnoBirthing during labor fear, pain, duration, satisfaction, and cost. Study was single-blind, randomized controlled trial using a pre-post and control group design. It was conducted with 60 nulliparous women during childbirth. This study showed that the levels of labor fear, pain duration and cost were lower and the levels of satisfaction the labor experience were higher in the intervention group. This care also plays an effective role in reducing the cost of labor. It is recommended that this program should be used during labor.

Development and Testing of Women's Perception for the Scale of Supportive Care Given During Labor.

The aim of this study was to develop and validate women's perceptions of the supportive care received during labor. This study had a methodological design. A total of 360 women giving birth at two state hospitals in 2012 participated. Written permission was obtained from the Ethics Committee, the hospitals, and the participants. Data were collected via participant characteristics forms and the Scale of Women's Perception for Supportive Care Given During Labor. Content validity of the scale (0.94) was achieved with expert views. Three factors-comfortable behaviors, education, and disturbing behaviors-were exposed to exploratory factor analysis, and factor loading varied between 0.38 and 0.76. The factor structures were confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis. Cronbach's coefficient was 0.94 for the scale, 0.92 for comforting behaviors, 0.85 for education, and 0.87 for disturbing behaviors. The correlation coefficient between the first and second part of the scale was 0.80. Item-total point correlations of the scale varied between 0.42 and 0.77. The scale was valid and reliable for measuring women's perception of supportive care given during labor. It can be used to determine the care aspects that midwives/nurses should develop, to improve the quality of care, and to help women have more positive labor experiences and higher labor satisfaction.