Submasseteric tuberculous lesion of mandible: report of a case and review of the literature.

Tuberculosis is still a major health hazard in the developing world, while its incidence has recently started to escalate after decreasing for many years. It is a chronic granulomatous disease that can affect any part of the body, including the oral cavity. Oral lesions of tuberculosis, though uncommon, are seen in both the primary and secondary stages of the disease. This paper presents a case of tuberculosis of the submasseteric space, manifesting as a persistent swelling at ramus and angle of mandible. The diagnosis was confirmed based on histopathology after an open incisional biopsy. Patient underwent antituberculosis therapy and his extraoral swelling completely resolved after 4 months of the therapy. The purpose of this paper is to emphasize the importance of early and definitive diagnosis of orofacial tuberculosis, to recognize it based on signs and symptoms, and to refer the patients suspected of active tuberculous infection for appropriate medical treatment.

Tooth fragment embedded in the lower lip for 10 months following dentoalveolar trauma: A case report with literature review.

Traumatic injuries to maxillary anterior teeth are a common finding in children because of falls while playing. Sequelae of trauma to dental hard tissue include broken, lost, aspirated and swallowed teeth. One additional hazard is the embedding of fractured tooth fragments in the soft tissues, particularly in the lip. A 10-year-old male patient complained of pain in the lower lip. There was a history of trauma to the upper anterior tooth 10 months previously. Clinical examination showed scarring and discoloration over the lower lip, and the presence of a hard mass was felt on palpation. Intraoral examination revealed an Ellis and Davey class II fracture of number 11. A radiograph of the lip was taken, which showed a radiopaque structure similar to the shape of the missing tooth fragment. Under local anesthesia, the tooth fragment was removed successfully, and the class II fracture was restored with composite. Therefore, proper clinical and complete radiographic examination of both hard and soft tissues following dental trauma is essential to rule out such occurrences.

Osteochondroma of the mandible: a rare case report.

Osteochondroma, also known as osteocartilaginous exostosis is a benign cartilage forming tumor that usually develops in long bones and relatively uncommon in the craniofacial region. Both the condyle and coronoid tip being the most common sites of occurrence in the mandible, it rarely appears at the symphysis region. Here, we describe a case of osteochondroma arising from the left parasymphysis of mandible.

Radix entomolaris and paramolaris in children: a review of the literature.

Pediatric dentistry in the current scenario is not just about teeth and gums that are easily visible in children's mouth anymore. It is all about those structures that are hidden, difficult to identify, and often remain undiagnosed. Dentist can come across various anomalies pertaining to the crown structure during the clinical practice. Although supernumerary tooth is the most commonly seen anomaly, the presence of extra roots in molars is an interesting example of anatomic root variation. It is well known that both primary and permanent mandibular first molars usually have roots, one mesial, and the other distal root. Very rarely an additional third root (supernumerary root) is seen and when it is located distolingually to the main distal root is called "radix entomolaris (RE)" and when it is placed mesiobuccaly to the mesial root is called "radix paramolaris (RP)." The purpose of this article is to discuss the prevalence, morphology, classification, clinical diagnosis, and significance of supernumerary roots in contemporary clinical pediatric dentistry.

Eruption cyst: a literature review and four case reports.

Eruption cyst is a benign cyst associated with a primary or permanent tooth in its soft tissue phase after erupting through the bone. It is most prevalent in the Caucasian race. Intraoral examination of four patients revealed eruption cyst. Among these, in three patients it occurred in the maxillary arch and one had it in the mandibular arch. All were associated with permanent tooth. Surgical treatment was done in three cases and in one case the cyst disappeared gradually and tooth erupted in normal pattern. Four cases of eruption cyst from India are presented and literature on this condition is reviewed. It is clinically significant in that knowledge among general dentists is very essential regarding this developmental disturbance to reach the correct diagnosis and to provide proper treatment.

Multiple impactions in non-syndromic patient: a case report

Man is blessed with twenty primary teeth that are replaced by thirty two numbers of permanent teeth for his whole life. Teeth which exceed the normal number are termed as supernumerary teeth. Multiple supernumerary teeth are rarely seen. Retention of teeth or impaction is one of the most common developmental dental defects seen among the eruption disorders. However, impaction of multiple teeth is an uncommon finding unless associated with some syndromes or systemic disorders. The present article reports a case of non-syndromic patient having 15 erupted permanent teeth, 10 retained primary teeth, 13 impacted permanent and 11 impacted supernumerary teeth.

Inflammatory dentigerous cyst associated with an endodontically treated primary second molar: a case report

Primary teeth with periapical inflammation induced by dental caries are treated through pulp therapy. Thus in pediatric dentistry, pulpectomy is considered the most common and successful treatment procedure for primary teeth with periapical inflammation. Dentigerous cyst is an epithelial lined cavity that develops from the reduced enamel epithelium related to the crown of an unerupted tooth. This report describes a case of an inflammatory dentigerous cyst associated with an endodontically treated primary second molar in a 12-year-old female patient with mixed dentition. The relation between endodontic treatment and development of dentigerous cyst is discussed.

Survey of mesiodens and its characteristics in 2500 children of Davangere city, India.

AIM: The aim of the present study is to report the prevalence of mesiodens and its characteristics and also to present 25 cases with 27 mesiodentes in 2500 children in Davangere city, India. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A survey of 2500 children examined in the Department of Paediatric Dentistry was conducted. Their ages ranged from 3 to 12 years. A total of 27 mesiodentes were diagnosed in 25 patients (1%). The patients' records and radiographs were evaluated and the following variables were studied: age and sex distribution, number, shape, position, eruption status, associated dentition and arch, associated complications and anomalies. RESULTS: In this study were enrolled 16 males and 9 females: 96.2% of the mesiodentes were seen in the maxillary arch while only one in the mandibular arch; 92.5% were observed in the permanent dentition. Most mesiodentes (92.5%) were conical in shape, and about 96.2% were placed vertical in position with only one mesiodens impacted and inverted. Of the 27 mesiodentes, 23 were u%% caused a midline diastema, 14.8% occlusal interference, 7.4% root resorption, and 3.7% had caused delayed eruption of permanent incisors. Rare anomalies like facial talon cusp were found in two mesiodentes (7.4%), and only one (3.7%) had a root anomaly. CONCLUSION: Mesiodens may occur as an isolated finding or can be associated with other odontogenic anomalies.