RESUMO
Although the Hymenoptera represent a remarkably diverse and socioeconomically important group that is of considerable interest in genome biology, they remain understudied in terms of genome size. This study reports new genome size estimates for 89 species of ants, bees and wasps, representing 17 families and four superfamilies. These are used in a test of the hypothesis that genome sizes are constrained by traits associated with parasitism or eusociality. Not all parasitoid wasps exhibit small genomes, though a relationship based on specific types of parasitism may still occur; by contrast, there was no convincing evidence of a constraint relating to eusociality. The data provided here can be used to guide future research aimed at understanding the evolution of large-scale genomic properties in this order.
Assuntos
Bases de Dados Genéticas , Genoma/genética , Himenópteros/genética , Parasitos/genética , Comportamento Social , Animais , Filogenia , Especificidade da EspécieRESUMO
We assessed Canada's national health surveys as surveillance instruments, with emphasis on comparing the temporal structure of data sets with those generated by the US Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). Only the Canadian Tobacco Use Monitoring Survey (CTUMS) has the BRFSS capability to generate continuous, uniform time series with monthly intervals. These time series can offer substantial extra value for retrospective analysis such as program evaluation in addition to surveillance. Expanding CTUMS is a simple option for providing an ongoing, uniform monthly survey instrument for non-tobacco variables. The Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) will generate monthly data, and could potentially generate useful continuous time series even though surveys at the health region and provincial levels will alternate annually. Reconfiguring the CCHS, or even implementing a provincial surveillance survey based on the BRFSS model are other viable options, but each option has associated tradeoffs or obstacles.