Primary anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using the contralateral autogenous patellar tendon.

We studied patients who underwent primary anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using either the contralateral (N = 434) or ipsilateral (N = 228) autogenous patellar tendon graft to determine the difference between groups for the return of range of motion, quadriceps muscle strength, and return to sports. The contralateral group had statistically significantly more flexion than the ipsilateral group at 1 week and 2 weeks postoperatively. The contralateral group had statistically significantly greater quadriceps muscle strength in the reconstructed knee at 1, 2, and 4 months postoperatively and in the donor knee at 1 and 2 months postoperatively. Mean KT-1000 arthrometer results were 1.9 +/- 1.3 mm for the contralateral group and 2.2 +/- 1.1 mm for the ipsilateral group. The mean time to return to sports at full capability in a competitive subgroup was 4.1 months for contralateral patients and 5.5 months for ipsilateral patients. Overall, 49% of patients in the contralateral group and 12% of patients in the ipsilateral group returned to their preinjury levels of activity by 4 months postoperatively. Our results indicate that the contralateral patellar tendon can be used to restore range of motion and strength sooner than an ipsilateral patellar tendon graft. Patients can also have a faster return to full capability in sports without compromising ultimate stability.

Simultaneous ipsilateral revision total hip arthroplasty and revision total knee arthroplasty with entire femoral allograft.

Treatment of periprosthetic fractures of both total hip arthroplasty and total knee arthroplasty has been well described in the literature. Treatments used have included closed treatment, revision arthroplasty with or without bone graft, open reduction internal fixation with plating, or intramedullary fixation [1-4]. However, treatment of periprosthetic fractures that involve a femur that has both a proximal total hip prosthesis and a distal total knee prosthesis has not been thoroughly described in the literature. We present a persistent distal femoral nonunion of a periprosthetic fracture, which was treated by using an entire femoral allograft with simultaneous ipsilateral revision total hip arthroplasty and total knee arthroplasty.

Evaluation of the injured wrist on the field and in the office.

The wrist is a common site of injury in sports, both acute and chronic. Evaluation of wrist injuries requires knowledge of anatomy kinematics, attention to the mechanism of injury, the intensity of training, and a focus on the physical examination for specific injuries.

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha production by alveolar macrophages in heart-lung transplant recipients.

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha) is a cytokine produced by mononuclear cells that amplifies inflammation and modulates expression of Class I and Class II histocompatibility antigens. Because of these properties, this cytokine may exert a central role in both the defense and the rejection of the transplanted lung. Utilizing an ELISA technique, we measured TNF alpha in vivo and in vitro in several compartments of lung transplant recipients and in normal subjects that included serum, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL), and media conditioned by alveolar macrophages (AM) and by autologous peripheral blood monocytes (PBM). Overall, stimulated production of TNF alpha by AM from lung recipients in vitro was less than that of cells from normal subjects in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge, and stimulated production of TNF alpha by AM harvested during conditions of infection or acute and chronic rejection was less than that by cells from healthy lung recipients. AM from normal subjects and allograft recipients produced substantially more TNF alpha than autologous PBM, but release in vitro by PBM from recipients was the same as that from cells of normal subjects who were not immunosuppressed. Thus, systemic immunosuppression does not seem to affect the production of TNF alpha by PBM in vitro, but it may reduce production by AM, indicating different effects of immunosuppression on different compartments of mononuclear cells. This mediator was not detected at elevated levels in serum, and it was undetectable in BAL fluid. We conclude that AM from lung recipients are capable of producing TNF alpha, which would influence the defense and immunogenicity of the allograft.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)