RESUMO
RESUMEN Objetivo: Determinar las condiciones laborales y extralaborales relacionadas con los síntomas depresivos de trabajadoras informales del centro de Medellín en 2015-2019. Métodos: Estudio transversal con intención analítica y fuentes primarias de información. Toma de datos con encuesta asistida en una de sus sedes gremiales en 2016, después de prueba piloto y estandarización de encuestadores. Se tomó por censo a 291 trabajadoras y se exploraron sus características laborales y extralaborales. Resultados: Las mujeres tenían una media de edad de 45 arios, escolaridad < 5 años, viviendas en estrato bajo y medio e ingresos inferiores al salario mínimo de 2016. Alrededor del 60,0% tenía inseguridad alimentaria moderada-grave, sin subsidio del Estado; eran fundamentalmente cabezas de familia, con 2 o menos personas a su cargo, y responsables de sus labores en el hogar. Laboraban al menos 8h al día 6 o 7 días a la semana, con padres o parientes venteros, y al menos 20 años en su labor. Alrededor del 60,0% tenía pareja, el 21,6% con disfuncionalidad familiar, y el 15,4% sufría síntomas depresivos moderados-graves (MG). Se asociaron y aportaron a la explicación de síntomas depresivos MG, vivir en cuarto o inquilinato, en estrato socioeconómico bajo y tener disfuncionalidad familiar MG. Conclusiones: Las condiciones extralaborales que se asocian y explican los síntomas depresivos MG de las trabajadoras pueden modificarse con acciones que impacten en los determinantes sociales de la salud.
ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the working and non-working conditions related to depressive symptoms in informal workers in the centre of Medellín in 2015-2019. Methods: Cross-sectional study with analytical intention and primary sources of information. Data collection with assisted survey in one of its union headquarters in 2016, after a pilot test and standardisation of pollsters. A total of 291 women workers were taken as a census, and their working and non-working conditions were explored. Results: The women had an average age of 45 years, <5 years of schooling, low and middle-income housing, and income below the 2016 minimum wage. About 60% suffered moderate-severe food insecurity, and received no state benefits. They were mainly the head of the family, with 1 or 2 dependents, and were responsible for the work at home. They worked at least 8 hours a day, 6 or 7 days a week, with parents or relatives selling in the street, and at least 20 years in their work. About 60% had a partner, 21.6% with family dysfunction, and 15.4% moderate-severe depressive symptoms. Living in one room or a slum, with a low socioeconomic status and moderate-severe family dysfunction were associated with, and contributed to the explanation of, moderate-severe depressive symptoms. Conclusions: The non-working conditions that are associated with and explain the moderate-severe depressive symptoms of female workers can be modified with actions that impact on the social determinants of health.
RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To determine the working and non-working conditions related to depressive symptoms in informal workers in the centre of Medellín in 2015-2019. METHODS: Cross-sectional study with analytical intention and primary sources of information. Data collection with assisted survey in one of its union headquarters in 2016, after a pilot test and standardisation of pollsters. A total of 291 women workers were taken as a census, and their working and non-working conditions were explored. RESULTS: The women had an average age of 45 years, ≤5 years of schooling, low and middle-income housing, and income below the 2016 minimum wage. About 60% suffered moderate-severe food insecurity, and received no state benefits. They were mainly the head of the family, with 1 or 2 dependents, and were responsible for the work at home. They worked at least 8â¯h a day, 6 or 7 days a week, with parents or relatives selling in the street, and at least 20 years in their work. About 60% had a partner, 21.6% with family dysfunction, and 15.4% moderate-severe depressive symptoms. Living in one room or a slum, with a low socioeconomic status and moderate-severe family dysfunction were associated with, and contributed to the explanation of, moderate-severe depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: The non-working conditions that are associated with and explain the moderate-severe depressive symptoms of female workers can be modified with actions that impact on the social determinants of health.
Assuntos
Depressão , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Transversais , Depressão/epidemiologia , Escolaridade , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
Objetivo: Determinar las condiciones laborales, hábitos y estilos de vida relacionadas con la multimorbilidad de adultos mayores con empleos con subsistencia en el centro de Medellín-Colombia, 2016. Material y Métodos: Estudio transversal con fuentes primarias de información a un censo de 686 trabajadores, encuestados previa toma de consentimiento informado, el año 2016. Para este estudio se tomaron 153 trabajadores con ≥ 60 años. Análisis univariado, bivariado y multivariado, para estudiar su multimorbilidad y factores asociados a su labor. Resultados: 77,0% tenía entre 60-69 años; fundamentalmente hombres, 56,0% ganaba <500.000 pesos colombianos. Tenian >20 años en su oficio. El 62,0% presentó multimorbilidad, fundamentalmente por diabetes; hipertensión; obesidad y sintomatología depresiva. Explicaron mayor prevalencia de multimorbilidad (p<0,05) trabajar cerca de aguas residuales (RPA=3,38. IC=1,27;8,96), no tener horario para el consumo de alimentos (RPA=3,01. IC=1,25;7,27) y consumir alimentos en soledad (RPA=3,28. IC=1,31;8,18). Conclusión: Las condiciones que explican multimorbilidad en estos trabajadores, pueden ser revertidas con acciones de promoción de la salud y prevención de la enfermedad, lideradas por el Estado y con su participación activa (AU)
Objective: To determine the working conditions, habits and lifestyles related to the multimorbidity of older adults with subsistence jobs in the center of Medellín-Colombia, 2016. Material and Methods: Cross-sectional study with primary sources of information to a census of 686 workers, surveyed After obtaining informed consent, in 2016. For this study, 153 workers aged ≥60 years were taken. Univariate, bivariate and multivariate analysis, to study their multimorbidity and factors associated with their work. Results: 77,0% were between 60-69 years old; mainly men, 56,0% earned <500,000 Colombian pesos. They were > 20 years old in their trade. 62,0% presented multimorbidity, mainly due to diabetes; hypertension; obesity and depressive symptoms. They explained a higher prevalence of multimorbidity (p<0,05) working near wastewater (RPA=3,38.CI=1,27; 8,96), not having a schedule for food consumption (RPA=3,01.CI=1,25;7,27) and consuming food alone (RPA=3,28.CI=1,31; 8,18). Conclusion: The conditions that explain multimorbidity in these workers can be reversed with health promotion and disease prevention actions, led by the State and with its active participation (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Multimorbidade , Setor Informal , Estudos Transversais , ColômbiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To determine the working and non-working conditions related to depressive symptoms in informal workers in the centre of Medellín in 2015-2019. METHODS: Cross-sectional study with analytical intention and primary sources of information. Data collection with assisted survey in one of its union headquarters in 2016, after a pilot test and standardisation of pollsters. A total of 291 women workers were taken as a census, and their working and non-working conditions were explored. RESULTS: The women had an average age of 45 years, ≤5 years of schooling, low and middle-income housing, and income below the 2016 minimum wage. About 60% suffered moderate-severe food insecurity, and received no state benefits. They were mainly the head of the family, with 1 or 2 dependents, and were responsible for the work at home. They worked at least 8hours a day, 6 or 7 days a week, with parents or relatives selling in the street, and at least 20 years in their work. About 60% had a partner, 21.6% with family dysfunction, and 15.4% moderate-severe depressive symptoms. Living in one room or a slum, with a low socioeconomic status and moderate-severe family dysfunction were associated with, and contributed to the explanation of, moderate-severe depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: The non-working conditions that are associated with and explain the moderate-severe depressive symptoms of female workers can be modified with actions that impact on the social determinants of health.
