[The arrest of bleeding from the sigmoid sinus and the upper segments of internal jugular vein].

The objective of the present work was to develop an efficacious non-injurious technique for the arrest of hemorrhage from the sigmoid sinus and the upper segments of the internal jugular vein. The authors proposed a relatively simple and highly effective method to be used to the blockade of the sigmoid sinus. It was employed to treat 8 patients none of whom suffered complications in the late postoperative period (the follow-up study lasting from 6 months to 2 years after the intervention).

[Myocardial infarction: peculiarities of lipid metabolism, oxidative and antioxidative potential].

Characteristics of lipid metabolism, lipid peroxidation products (LPP), and antioxidative potential were determined in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Minor variations of serum total cholesterol, LDL, and triglycerids were detected in patients with small-focal MI. After completion of therapy cholesterol dropped only in patients with transmural infarction. LDL cholesterol was low prior to therapy in all patients and continued to decrease in transmural MI. All patients had high dienic congugate levels in plasma and erythrocytes that did not change under effect of baseline therapy. The level of secondary LPP (MDA) in erythrocytes was high and remained unaltered during treatment. Antioxidative potential measured as SOD activity was elevated in all patients. Glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase activities decreased throughout the treatment period. Patients with acute IM developed oxidative stress during heart attack, it persisted for a long time and was responsible for suppression of pentosophosphate cycle in erythrocytes associated with low activity of glutathione reductase and catalase that needed reduced NADPH2 codehydrogenase to manifest itself. Patients with small-focal and transmural AMI experienced elevation of oxidative potential in erythrocytes and membranopathy. Baseline therapy failed to normalize production of primary and secondary LPP in patients with MI and eliminate oxidative stress that developed during heart attacks and persisted after the termination of therapy. It is concluded that correction of metabolic disturbances requires antioxidative therapy to neutralize LPP.

[Oxidative stress in myocardial infarction and the efficiency of its correction with the drug Trimetazidine].

The purpose of the study was to assess efficiency of the use of trimetazidine (Preductal MR) in therapy of acute myocardial infarction (MI) on the grounds of examination of oxidative potential of erythrocytes and blood serum, antioxidative enzyme activity. Group of patients with acute small-focal, large-focal and transmural myocardial infarction, who received traditional therapy and in addition cytoprotective drug trimetazidine, was examined. Primary and secondary products of lipid peroxidation (LP), antioxidative enzymes were analyzed on 1st and 21st day after the beginning of anginous attack. Integral indices for estimation of LP and antioxidative potential were calculated. Primary and secondary products of LP in erythrocytes and blood serum in patients with acute MI were high in 1st day and did not recover to normal after combined therapy. Combined therapy of acute MI with the use of trimetazidine (Preductal MR) made possible to reduce LP, especially at small-focal MI because of increase in enzyme activity of glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase with catalase activity retention. Transmural MI was characterized by decrease in blood glutathione reductase and catalase activity, retention of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activity, and increase in thiols content.