RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Cancer is among the leading causes of death globally, posing a significant economic burden on the healthcare sector. Among other types of cancer in Indonesia, non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) ranks fifth in terms of prevalence. Chemotherapy for NHL patients is funded by a national health insurance scheme through the National Healthcare Insurance and Social Security/Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN). OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to analyze cost burden of chemotherapy for JKN patients with NHL. DATA SOURCE: A retrospective cross-sectional observational study was conducted among NHL patients receiving chemotherapy at a hospital in East Java, Indonesia in 2021. Data were collected from medical record documents and a total of 44 patient visits were recorded in this study. DATA SUMMARY: The result showed that patient visits were dominated by females (55%), a significant proportion were aged 31 to 40 years (32%), and the majority were JKN participants in the Contribution Assistance Recipients/Penerima Bantuan Iuran (PBI) category (64%). The most chemotherapy regimen given was R-CHOP (68%) and the mean total cost for NHL patients was Indonesian Rupiah (IDR) 5,178,146. The highest mean cost burden was on chemotherapy drugs with a value of IDR 6,333,315. Based on the regimen, the highest cost burden was R-CHOP-Bleo with a mean cost of IDR 8,764,091. CONCLUSION: Based on the results, the highest cost burden for chemotherapy among JKN patients with NHL in Indonesia was attributed to R-CHOP-Bleo regimen with a mean of IDR 8,764,091.
RESUMO
Background: Geriatric syndrome is a condition of decreased organ function that causes DRPs, especially drugs with special dosage forms, such as an inhaler, insulin pens, and modified release drugs. Objective: To identify DRPs of drugs with special dosage forms in geriatric patients at the Outpatient Pharmacy Unit of RSUA Surabaya. Methods: It was an observational and prospective study with the interview method. Each problem identified was given a score to be analyzed descriptively and statistically. Data collection was carried out from April to June 2022. Results: The sample is 82 special dosage forms, there are drug delivery devices including inhaler (26%) and insulin pen (29%), and drug delivery systems including OROS (33%), retard (6%), and sustained-release (6%). DRPs were found in 40% of them. In inhaler form, the DRPs of DPI are failure to load the dose, shaking after the dose was loaded, and not checking the remaining dose after using the device. While in MDI, no DRPs were found. The DRPs of insulin pens are errors in device storage (25%), injection position (8%), and repeated use of blunt/broken needles (38%). While in modified release drugs is an error in drug storage (5%). The percentages of nonadherence are Turbuhaler 33%, Breezhaler 60%, Diskus 25%, MDI 0%, insulin pen 29%, and modified release drugs 24%. The solution is given by using verbal education such as leaflets. Statistical analysis showed a significant difference in the insulin pen and the modified release drug, while there was no significant difference in the inhaler. Conclusion: Each type of drug with a special dosage form has its problems and problem-solving in the form of interventions has not given maximum results. (AU)
