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1.
Chem Biodivers ; : e202400962, 2024 May 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38720173

RESUMO

Four new psammaplysin derivatives (1-4) with fatty acyl substituents, designated irciniaplysins A-D, and three known psammaplysins (5-7) were isolated from a marine sponge Ircinia sp. Their structures were elucidated using extensive spectroscopic analyses. The positions of the double bonds and the branch points of the fatty acyl side chains were determined by GC-MS analysis of their fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) derivatives. Irciniaplysins A (1) and B (2) contained an unusual long-chain fatty acyl substituent with a 5,9-diene unit. The isolated compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity against the human colorectal carcinoma (HCT 116) cells, however, none of these compounds showed significant activity.

2.
Environ Anal Health Toxicol ; 39(1): e2024004-0, 2024 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38631396

RESUMO

Decalobanthus peltatus is a woody vine that is commonly utilized in traditional Southeast Asian medicinal preparations. Despite the documented therapeutic uses of D. peltatus, there is hardly any information regarding its toxic effects on its consumers. In this study, crude leaf extracts (aqueous, methanol, ethyl acetate, and hexane) from D. peltatus were prepared and evaluated for their embryotoxicity and teratogenic effects. Phytochemical screening of bioactive compounds from the plants showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, and tannins. In addition, investigations on the toxicity of the crude leaf extracts were determined using brine shrimp lethality assay, in which the LC50 was calculated. Results showed that the ethyl acetate leaf extract was the most toxic among the crude leaf extracts, with an LC50 of 14.54 ppm. Based on this result, ethyl acetate leaf extract was treated on duck embryos, and the alteration of vascular branching patterns in the chorioallantoic membrane was quantified. Gross morphological and histological analysis of the skin tissues from the treated duck embryos were also examined. We found significant reduction of primary and tertiary vessel diameters in the duck embryos treated with ethyl acetate leaf extracts in both concentrations compared to the control group. Treated duck embryos exhibited gross malformations, growth retardation, and hemorrhages on the external body surfaces at 1000 ppm. Histopathological analysis of the skin tissues from the 14-day-old treated duck embryos showed a reduced number of feather follicles compared to the control group. These results suggest that D. peltatus crude leaf extracts present risks when taken in significant dosages and comprehensive toxicity testing on therapeutic herbs should be performed to ensure their safety on the consumers.

3.
Fundam Clin Pharmacol ; 37(4): 769-778, 2023 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36905079

RESUMO

Streptozotocin (STZ) is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that is toxic to the insulin-producing beta cells of the pancreatic islets. STZ is currently used clinically for the treatment of metastatic islet cell carcinoma of the pancreas and the induction of diabetes mellitus (DM) in rodents. So far, there has been no previous research to show that STZ injection in rodents causes insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The purpose of this study was to determine if rats (Sprague-Dawley) developed type 2 diabetes mellitus (insulin resistance) after 72 h of intraperitoneal administration of 50 mg/kg STZ. Rats with fasting blood glucose levels above 11.0 mM, 72 h post-STZ induction, were used. The body weight and plasma glucose levels were measured every week throughout the 60-day treatment period. The plasma, liver, kidney, pancreas, and smooth muscle cells were harvested for antioxidant, biochemical analysis, histology, and gene expression studies. The results revealed that STZ was able to destroy the pancreatic insulin-producing beta cell, as evidenced by an increase in plasma glucose level, insulin resistance, and oxidative stress. Biochemical investigation indicates that STZ can generate diabetes complications through hepatocellular damage, elevated HbA1c, kidney damage, hyperlipidemia, cardiovascular damage, and impairment of the insulin-signaling pathway.


Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus Experimental , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Resistência à Insulina , Ratos , Animais , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/tratamento farmacológico , Estreptozocina , Glicemia/metabolismo , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/metabolismo , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Insulina/metabolismo
4.
Nat Prod Res ; : 1-9, 2023 Feb 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36744713

RESUMO

Two new sarasinosides designated as 5,8-epoxysarasinoside (1) and 8,9-epoxysarasinoside (2) and four known sarasinosides were isolated from marine sponge Petrosia nigricans, collected off the coast of Lipata, Surigao City, Philippines (9°49' North, 125°27' East). The structures were determined through extensive 2D NMR spectroscopy and HRMS. Both compounds exhibited low cytotoxicity against the HCT116 (colon) and A549 (lung) cancer cell lines.

5.
J Nat Prod ; 85(12): 2740-2745, 2022 12 23.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36269877

RESUMO

The weevil Pimelocerus perforatus poses a serious pest problem for olive cultivation in Japan. Two new racemic fluorescent benzoxazines, designated as pimeforazine A ((±)-1) and pimeforazine B ((±)-2), were successfully isolated from P. perforatus. Their structures, including the absolute configurations of their resolved enantiomers, were determined using spectroscopic methods, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and electronic circular dichroism calculations. The neuroprotective activity of the isolated compounds was evaluated against hydrogen peroxide-induced cellular damage in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells. Compounds (±)-1 and (±)-2 exhibited neuroprotective effects.


Assuntos
Neuroblastoma , Fármacos Neuroprotetores , Olea , Gorgulhos , Animais , Humanos , Estrutura Molecular , Benzoxazinas/farmacologia , Fármacos Neuroprotetores/farmacologia , Fármacos Neuroprotetores/química , Peróxido de Hidrogênio/farmacologia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral
6.
Chem Biodivers ; 19(11): e202200774, 2022 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36205219

RESUMO

A new triterpenoid saponin and five known ones were isolated from the fruits of Symplocos lucida (Thunb.) Siebold & Zucc. Their structures were determined based on the results of spectroscopy analysis, chemical conversions, and X-ray crystallographic analyses. The ß-glucuronidase-inhibitory effects of the isolated and semi-synthesized triterpenoid saponins were also examined.


Assuntos
Saponinas , Triterpenos , Frutas/química , Saponinas/química , Triterpenos/química , Inibidores Enzimáticos , Estrutura Molecular
7.
Data Brief ; 41: 107889, 2022 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35242902

RESUMO

The data presented here are related to the research paper entitled "Janohigenins: Long-chain anacardic acid derivatives with neuroprotective activity from Ophiopogon japonicus seeds" (Ohta et al., 2021). In this data article, we provide electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESIMS) and 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy data of four new anacardic acid derivatives, janohigenins isolated from the seeds of Ophiopogon japonicus.

8.
Molecules ; 26(18)2021 Sep 16.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34577088

RESUMO

We report the first isolation of the alkaloid aaptamine from the Philippine marine sponge Stylissa sp. Aaptamine possessed weak antiproliferative activity against HCT116 colon cancer cells and inhibited the proteasome in vitro at 50 µM. These activities may be functionally linked. Due to its known, more potent activity on certain G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), including α-adrenergic and δ-opioid receptors, the compound was profiled more broadly at sub-growth inhibitory concentrations against a panel of 168 GPCRs to potentially reveal additional targets and therapeutic opportunities. GPCRs represent the largest class of drug targets. The primary screen at 20 µM using the ß-arrestin functional assay identified the antagonist, agonist, and potentiators of agonist activity of aaptamine. Dose-response analysis validated the α-adrenoreceptor antagonist activity of aaptamine (ADRA2C, IC50 11.9 µM) and revealed the even more potent antagonism of the ß-adrenoreceptor (ADRB2, IC50 0.20 µM) and dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4, IC50 6.9 µM). Additionally, aaptamine showed agonist activity on selected chemokine receptors, by itself (CXCR7, EC50 6.2 µM; CCR1, EC50 11.8 µM) or as a potentiator of agonist activity (CXCR3, EC50 31.8 µM; CCR3, EC50 16.2 µM). These GPCRs play a critical role in the treatment of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer, and neurological disorders. The results of this study may thus provide novel preventive and therapeutic strategies for noncommunicable diseases (NCDs).


Assuntos
Alcaloides/farmacologia , Naftiridinas/farmacologia , Doenças não Transmissíveis/tratamento farmacológico , Poríferos/química , Antagonistas Adrenérgicos/farmacologia , Alcaloides/química , Alcaloides/isolamento & purificação , Regulação Alostérica/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Antagonistas de Dopamina/farmacologia , Humanos , Naftiridinas/química , Naftiridinas/isolamento & purificação , Filipinas , Receptores Adrenérgicos/efeitos dos fármacos , Receptores de Quimiocinas/agonistas , Receptores de Quimiocinas/efeitos dos fármacos , Receptores Dopaminérgicos/efeitos dos fármacos , Receptores Acoplados a Proteínas G/agonistas , Receptores Acoplados a Proteínas G/antagonistas & inibidores , Receptores Acoplados a Proteínas G/efeitos dos fármacos , Saccharomyces cerevisiae/efeitos dos fármacos
9.
Phytochemistry ; 191: 112904, 2021 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34388665

RESUMO

Eight hitherto undescribed long-chain anacardic acid derivatives, janohigenins, were isolated from the endosperm of Ophiopogon japonicus seed, and their structures were elucidated employing spectroscopic and chemical methods. The neuroprotective activity of the isolated compounds was evaluated against rotenone-induced cellular damage in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells. Janohigenins exhibited noticeable neuroprotection at 1 µM.


Assuntos
Fármacos Neuroprotetores , Ophiopogon , Ácidos Anacárdicos/farmacologia , Neuroproteção , Fármacos Neuroprotetores/farmacologia , Sementes
10.
J Nat Prod ; 83(10): 3050-3057, 2020 10 23.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32955260

RESUMO

Plants in the family Aristolochiaceae contain phenanthrene skeleton-containing chemical constituents that exhibit nephrotoxic, carcinogenic, mutagenic, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic effects. Two new phenanthrene-containing 1,2-oxazin-6-ones, designated as asaroidoxazine A (1) and asaroidoxazine B (2), and a known aristolactam, 5-methoxyaristololactam I (3), were isolated from the roots of Asarum asaroides. The structures of compounds 1 and 2 were determined using spectroscopic methods and X-ray crystallography. Treatment of SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells with 1 µM of asaroidoxazine A (1) induced nuclear condensation as well as caspase-3/7 activation, indicating that this compound is a strong apoptosis inducer in neuronal cells. This is the first report of apoptosis induction by phenanthrene-containing oxazines.


Assuntos
Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/farmacologia , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Asarum/química , Neoplasias Encefálicas/tratamento farmacológico , Neuroblastoma/tratamento farmacológico , Raízes de Plantas/química , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/química , Caspases/efeitos dos fármacos , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Núcleo Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Núcleo Celular/ultraestrutura , Ativação Enzimática/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Estrutura Molecular , Fenantrenos/química , Fenantrenos/farmacologia , Difração de Raios X
11.
Data Brief ; 28: 105032, 2020 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31909126

RESUMO

The data presented here are related to the research paper entitled "Rare sulfated purine alkaloid glycosides from Bruchidius dorsalis pupal case" [1]. In this data article, we provide 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESIMS) data of three undescribed sulfated purine alkaloids, locustoside A disulfate, saikachinoside B disulfate, and saikachinoside A trisulfate isolated from the pupal case of the wild bruchid seed beetle Bruchidius dorsalis (Chrysomelidae, Bruchinae) infesting the seed of Gleditsia japonica Miquel (Fabaceae).

12.
Data Brief ; 27: 104780, 2019 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31886337

RESUMO

The data presented here are related to the research paper entitled "Norbisabolane and bisabolane sesquiterpenoids from the seeds of Angelica keiskei" [1]. In this data article, we provide 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESIMS) data of three undescribed norbisabolane- and bisabolene-type sesquiterpenoids, ashitabaol B-D isolated from the seeds of Angelica keiskei.

13.
Phytochemistry ; 141: 98-104, 2017 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28599242

RESUMO

Six diarylbutanoids, designated as ficusnotins A-F, with a rare carbon skeleton consisting of two aromatic rings separated by an unbranched C4-chain have been isolated from the leaves of Ficus nota (Blanco) Merr. (Moraceae). The structures were determined on the basis of spectroscopic data, as well as X-ray crystallographic analysis. The isolated compounds were evaluated for their antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis.


Assuntos
Ficus/química , Compostos Fitoquímicos/química , Folhas de Planta/química , Antibacterianos/isolamento & purificação , Bacillus subtilis/efeitos dos fármacos , Estrutura Molecular , Compostos Fitoquímicos/isolamento & purificação
14.
Biosci Biotechnol Biochem ; 72(7): 1764-71, 2008 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18603800

RESUMO

(-)-10-epi-Axisonitrile-3, a spirocyclic sesquiterpene isocyanide obtained from the marine sponge Geodia exigua, immobilized sperm of sea urchin and starfish to block fertilization at the minimum effective concentration of 0.4 microg/ml. On the other hand, fertilized eggs developed normally to the gastrula stage in the presence of a 250-times higher concentration of the isocyanide. Analysis by (31)P NMR revealed an accumulation of phosphocreatine and a depletion of inorganic phosphate in the isocyanide-treated sperm, suggesting that (-)-10-epi-axisonitrile-3 inhibited the phosphocreatine shuttle participating in the high-energy phosphate metabolism, thereby immobilizing sperm to block fertilization. No analogs of (-)-10-epi-axisonitrile-3 containing different functionalities or isocyanides with different carbon skeleton exhibited such activity.


Assuntos
Cianetos/farmacologia , Fertilização/efeitos dos fármacos , Nitrilas/farmacologia , Espermatozoides/efeitos dos fármacos , Compostos de Espiro/farmacologia , Animais , Cianetos/síntese química , Equinodermos , Embrião não Mamífero/efeitos dos fármacos , Células Germinativas/efeitos dos fármacos , Masculino , Fosfocreatina/antagonistas & inibidores , Poríferos , Sesquiterpenos , Relação Estrutura-Atividade , Zigoto/efeitos dos fármacos
15.
Nat Prod Res ; 21(8): 726-32, 2007 Jul 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17616901

RESUMO

One novel and three known hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives having antioxidant activities were isolated from a Brazilian bee pollen. They were identified as kaempferol 3-O-[2-O-p-coumaroyl]-alpha-L-arabinopyranoside, N(1), N(5), N(10)-tri-p-coumaroyl spermidine, N(1), N(5), N(10), N(14)-tetra-p-coumaroyl spermine, and monocaffeoyl-tri-p-coumaroyl spermine, respectively. The structure of the kaempferol glycoside was established on the basis of spectroscopic and chemical investigations. Among the isolated compounds, monocaffeoyl-tri-p-coumaroyl spermine showed the strongest free radical-scavenging activity, which was almost identical to that of alpha-tocopherol. On the other hand, the antioxidant effect of tri-p-coumaroyl spermidine on autooxidation of linoleic acid was strongest and nearly equal to that of alpha-tocopherol.


Assuntos
Antioxidantes/isolamento & purificação , Ácidos Cumáricos/isolamento & purificação , Pólen/química , Animais , Antioxidantes/química , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Abelhas , Compostos de Bifenilo/metabolismo , Brasil , Dicroísmo Circular , Ácidos Cumáricos/química , Ácidos Cumáricos/farmacologia , Sequestradores de Radicais Livres/química , Sequestradores de Radicais Livres/isolamento & purificação , Sequestradores de Radicais Livres/farmacologia , Hidrazinas/metabolismo , Estrutura Molecular , Ressonância Magnética Nuclear Biomolecular , Rotação Ocular , Picratos , Espectrometria de Massas de Bombardeamento Rápido de Átomos , Espectrofotometria Ultravioleta , Espectroscopia de Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier
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