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1.
Epidemiol Infect ; 143(16): 3394-404, 2015 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25912029

RESUMO

Indonesia has reported the most human infections with highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5N1) virus worldwide. We implemented enhanced surveillance in four outpatient clinics and six hospitals for HPAI H5N1 and seasonal influenza viruses in East Jakarta district to assess the public health impact of influenza in Indonesia. Epidemiological and clinical data were collected from outpatients with influenza-like illness (ILI) and hospitalized patients with severe acute respiratory infection (SARI); respiratory specimens were obtained for influenza testing by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. During October 2011-September 2012, 1131/3278 specimens from ILI cases (34·5%) and 276/1787 specimens from SARI cases (15·4%) tested positive for seasonal influenza viruses. The prevalence of influenza virus infections was highest during December-May and the proportion testing positive was 76% for ILI and 36% for SARI during their respective weeks of peak activity. No HPAI H5N1 virus infections were identified, including hundreds of ILI and SARI patients with recent poultry exposures, whereas seasonal influenza was an important contributor to acute respiratory disease in East Jakarta. Overall, 668 (47%) of influenza viruses were influenza B, 384 (27%) were A(H1N1)pdm09, and 359 (25%) were H3. While additional data over multiple years are needed, our findings suggest that seasonal influenza prevention efforts, including influenza vaccination, should target the months preceding the rainy season.


Assuntos
Monitoramento Epidemiológico , Influenza Humana/epidemiologia , Influenza Humana/virologia , Orthomyxoviridae/classificação , Orthomyxoviridae/isolamento & purificação , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Indonésia/epidemiologia , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Estações do Ano , Adulto Jovem
2.
Clin Infect Dis ; 52 Suppl 1: S36-43, 2011 Jan 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21342897

RESUMO

Diagnostic tests for detecting emerging influenza virus strains with pandemic potential are critical for directing global influenza prevention and control activities. In 2008, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention received US Food and Drug Administration approval for a highly sensitive influenza polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. Devices were deployed to public health laboratories in the United States and globally. Within 2 weeks of the first recognition of 2009 pandemic influenza H1N1, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention developed and began distributing a new approved pandemic influenza H1N1 PCR assay, which used the previously deployed device platform to meet a >8-fold increase in specimen submissions. Rapid antigen tests were widely used by clinicians at the point of care; however, test sensitivity was low (40%-69%). Many clinical laboratories developed their own pandemic influenza H1N1 PCR assays to meet clinician demand. Future planning efforts should identify ways to improve availability of reliable testing to manage patient care and approaches for optimal use of molecular testing for detecting and controlling emerging influenza virus strains.


Assuntos
Controle de Doenças Transmissíveis/métodos , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1/isolamento & purificação , Influenza Humana/diagnóstico , Influenza Humana/epidemiologia , Pandemias/prevenção & controle , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Virologia/métodos , Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. , Técnicas de Laboratório Clínico/métodos , Humanos , Influenza Humana/prevenção & controle , Influenza Humana/virologia , Estados Unidos/epidemiologia
3.
Lancet ; 374(9703): 1786-91, 2009 Nov 21.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19914707

RESUMO

Mass gatherings of people challenge public health capacities at host locations and the visitors' places of origin. Hajj--the yearly pilgrimage by Muslims to Saudi Arabia--is one of the largest, most culturally and geographically diverse mass gatherings in the world. With the 2009 pandemic influenza A H1N1 and upcoming Hajj, the Saudi Arabian Ministry of Health (MoH) convened a preparedness consultation in June, 2009. Consultants from global public health agencies met in their official capacities with their Saudi Arabian counterparts. The MoH aimed to pool and share public health knowledge about mass gatherings, and review the country's preparedness plans, focusing on the prevention and control of pandemic influenza. This process resulted in several practical recommendations, many to be put into practice before the start of Hajj and the rest during Hajj. These preparedness plans should ensure the optimum provision of health services for pilgrims to Saudi Arabia, and minimum disease transmission on their return home. Review of the implementation of these recommendations and their effect will not only inform future mass gatherings in Saudi Arabia, but will also strengthen preparedness efforts in other settings.


Assuntos
Controle de Doenças Transmissíveis/organização & administração , Surtos de Doenças/prevenção & controle , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1 , Influenza Humana/prevenção & controle , Islamismo , Viagem , Implementação de Plano de Saúde/organização & administração , Humanos , Influenza Humana/epidemiologia , Influenza Humana/transmissão , Guias de Prática Clínica como Assunto , Arábia Saudita
5.
Pediatr Nephrol ; 7(5): 554-6, 1993 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8251321

RESUMO

We report a 9-month-old male Latino infant with congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) who presented with hypernatremic dehydration aggravated by severe gastroenteritis. Initially, the infant was managed with intravenous fluids followed by standard 20 cal/ounce formula and pharmacological therapy, resulting in normalization of his serum sodium level. While hydrochlorothiazide therapy alone or in combination with prostaglandin inhibitors or amiloride has been successful in children and adolescents, this is the first report of the successful use of hydrochlorothiazide and amiloride in an infant with congenital NDI.


Assuntos
Amilorida/uso terapêutico , Diabetes Insípido/congênito , Diabetes Insípido/tratamento farmacológico , Hidroclorotiazida/uso terapêutico , Diabetes Insípido/genética , Humanos , Hipernatremia/congênito , Hipernatremia/tratamento farmacológico , Lactente , Masculino , Sódio/sangue
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