Microwave hyperthermia in conjunction with radiotherapy in superficial tumours: correlation of thermal parameters with tumour regression / Hipertermia de microonda de conjunto con radioterapia en los tumores superficiales: correlación de los parámetros térmicos con la regresión del tumor

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study is to evaluate the correlation between the thermal parameters of hyperthermia and the clinical outcome in patients with superficial tumours. METHODS: In this study, 20 patients were included with either submandibular lymph nodes from head and neck cancer, or breast cancer relapses post-mastectomy. They were treated with radiation in combination with one session of433 MHz microwave hyperthermia (1 hour, 42.5 ºC-46 ºC). The dose of irradiation ranged from 54 to 60 Gy. The thermal parameters calculated were the minimum volume temperature, the maximum volume temperature and the time interval where the volume temperature was greater than 44 ºC. RESULTS: All patients responded positively to the combined treatment and 60% of the patients showed a complete response. Of the three parameters tested, the only parameter that was found to correlate with the reduction of the tumour diameter was the time with volume temperatures greater than 44 ºC (p < 0.001, Spearman rho). No moderate toxicity was observed. CONCLUSION: Microwave heating should be over 44 ºC for favourable treatment response, when combined with radiotherapy. More patients are needed to confirm the above results.

OJETIVO: El objetivo del presente estudio es evaluar la correlación entre los parámetros térmicos de la hipertermia y el resultado clínico en pacientes con tumores superficiales. MÉTODO: En este estudio, se incluyeron 20 pacientes con ganglios linfáticos submandibulares de cáncer de cabeza y cuello, o post-mastectomía por recidivas de cáncer de mama. Los pacientes fueron tratados con radiación en combinación con una sesión de hipertermia de microondas de 433 MHz (1 hora, 42.5 ºC-46 ºC). La dosis de irradiación osciló entre 54 y 60 Gy. Los parámetros térmicos calculados fueron la temperatura de volumen mínimo, la temperatura de volumen máximo y el intervalo de tiempo donde el volumen de la temperatura fue superior a 44 ºC. RESULTADOS: Todos los pacientes respondieron positivamente al tratamiento combinado y el 60% de los pacientes demostrados una respuesta completa. De los tres parámetros probados, el único parámetro que se comprobó que se correlaciona con la reducción del diámetro del tumor fue el tiempo con temperaturas de volumen superiores a 44 ºC (p < 0.001, rho de Spearman). No se observó ninguna toxicidad moderada. CONCLUSIÓN: Calentamiento por microondas debe estar por encima de 44 ºC para que la respuesta sea favorable al tratamiento en combinación con radioterapia. Se requieren más pacientes para confirmar los resultados anteriores.

Radiotherapy in conjunction with superficial and intracavitary hyperthermia for the treatment of solid tumors: survival and thermal parameters

Hyperthermia is an effective modality for the treatment of cancer, which is mainly used in conjunction with radiotherapy as this combined treatment offers a better clinical outcome. There are many ways that hyperthermia can be applied and depends on the kind of tumor of the patients. The great advantage of this method is that it is tolerable for the majority of patients without severe toxicity. Many clinical trials have been realized in order to prove that hyperthermia in addition to radiotherapy offers an advantage in the survival and local control of patients in comparison to radiotherapy alone. Many studies have also investigated if exists any correlation between the thermal parameters of hyperthermia and the clinical outcome. This is a review of these studies and it concerns superficial hyperthermia for superficial tumors-melanoma, head and neck, breast cancer-and intracavitary hyperthermia for rectal cancer, esophageal cancer and prostate carcinoma (AU)

Radiotherapy in conjunction with superficial and intracavitary hyperthermia for the treatment of solid tumors: survival and thermal parameters.

Hyperthermia is an effective modality for the treatment of cancer, which is mainly used in conjunction with radiotherapy as this combined treatment offers a better clinical outcome. There are many ways that hyperthermia can be applied and depends on the kind of tumor of the patients. The great advantage of this method is that it is tolerable for the majority of patients without severe toxicity. Many clinical trials have been realized in order to prove that hyperthermia in addition to radiotherapy offers an advantage in the survival and local control of patients in comparison to radiotherapy alone. Many studies have also investigated if exists any correlation between the thermal parameters of hyperthermia and the clinical outcome. This is a review of these studies and it concerns superficial hyperthermia for superficial tumors-melanoma, head and neck, breast cancer-and intracavitary hyperthermia for rectal cancer, esophageal cancer and prostate carcinoma.

Microwave hyperthermia in conjunction with radiotherapy in superficial tumours: correlation of thermal parameters with tumour regression.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study is to evaluate the correlation between the thermal parameters of hyperthermia and the clinical outcome in patients with superficial tumours. METHODS: In this study, 20 patients were included with either submandibular lymph nodes from head and neck cancer, or breast cancer relapses post-mastectomy. They were treated with radiation in combination with one session of 433 MHz microwave hyperthermia (1 hour, 42.5 °C-46 °C). The dose of irradiation ranged from 54 to 60 Gy. The thermal parameters calculated were the minimum volume temperature, the maximum volume temperature and the time interval where the volume temperature was greater than 44 °C. RESULTS: All patients responded positively to the combined treatment and 60% of the patients showed a complete response. Of the three parameters tested, the only parameter that was found to correlate with the reduction of the tumour diameter was the time with volume temperatures greater than 44 °C (p < 0.001, Spearman rho). No moderate toxicity was observed. CONCLUSION: Microwave heating should be over 44 °C for favourable treatment response, when combined with radiotherapy. More patients are needed to confirm the above results.

Combination of hyperthermia and methotrexate in the treatment of transplanted Walker sarcoma.

The purpose of this experimental study was to evaluate the possible synergistic effect of hyperthermia (HPT) and methotrexate (MTX) in Wistar rats transplanted with Walker sarcoma. HPT was induced by microwaves of 432 MHZ frequency transmitted through a source of 2 x 5.5 cm2 surface. The temperature in the tumor was maintained at 43 degrees C which was controlled by an intratumor thermocouple connected with an electronic thermometer. Three experiments were performed. First, in 5 rats HPT only was applied and one rat was used as control. Second, HPT and MTX in combination were given to 6 rats. Third, MTX alone was given to 6 rats. In the first experiment all 5 rats had 50% reduction of their tumors compared to control. In the second experiment complete disappearance of the tumor was noticed and in the third experiment the tumor increased in size. Histologically, in the responding tumors extensive necrosis was seen with thrombosed vessels. We conclude that HPT and MTX are synergistic in treating Walker sarcoma in Wistar rats.