RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Intraoperative cytology (IC) is an alternative to frozen-section (FS) diagnosis. We present our experience with and the diagnostic value of IC during a 7-year period when FS was not available in a Peruvian Cancer Center. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This 7-year retrospective single-arm review study includes IC procedures performed by three pathologists between 2012 and 2018. These IC reports were reviewed independently by one pathologist and were correlated with the histologic diagnoses, which were used as the gold standard. All IC preparations (imprint, scrape, and crush smears) were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. IC interpretations were categorized as: malignant, benign, atypical, and "deferred to permanent sections." Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were calculated by use of standard methods. RESULTS: A total of 1814 IC cases prepared from various organs obtained from 887 patients were reviewed. Malignant, benign, atypical, and "deferred to permanent sections" IC diagnoses were 26.3%, 68.9%, 3.7%, and 1.9%, respectively. Atypical and deferred cases were excluded from the statistical analysis; thus 1712 cases were found to be eligible. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and overall diagnostic accuracy were 91.6%, 97.7%, 94.1%, 96.7%, and 96%, respectively. CONCLUSION: In experienced hands, IC is a rapid, cost-effective, and accurate alternative diagnostic modality for intraoperative diagnosis when FS is not available.
Assuntos
Citodiagnóstico , Neoplasias , Humanos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Peru , Citodiagnóstico/métodos , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Secções Congeladas/métodos , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Período IntraoperatórioRESUMO
El efecto protector de oncósferas homólogas fue evaluado en Mus musculus infectados por Hymenolepis nana var. nana. El estudio se realizó en 20 ejemplares hembras de Mus musculus de dos meses de edad y libres de infección por helmintos, los cuáles fueron seleccionados al azar en dos grupos (experimental y control) de 10 ratones cada uno. Cada animal del grupo experimental recibió una dosis única del inmunógeno vía subcutánea, constituido por la mezcla de 0,05 mL de PBS con 1524 oncósferas y 0,05 mL de Adyuvante Completo de Freunds para inducir la respuesta inmune. El grupo control recibió por igual vía la misma dosis, pero sin oncósferas. La evaluación del efecto protector de las oncósferas se realizó después de 25 días de la inmunización, para lo cuál 200 huevos viables de H. nana var. nana fueron administrados por vía oral a cada uno de los 20 ratones, los que fueron mantenidos durante 15 días más antes de ser sacrificados para obtener los parásitos intestinales y comprobar la eficiencia de la inmunización. Las formas adultas de Hymenolepis nana var. nana fueron encontrados en dos ratones del grupo experimental y en 5 ratones del grupo control; siendo la eficiencia de la inmunización del 60 por ciento, observandose diferencia significativa entre el grupo control y el grupo experimental.
The protector effect of homologous oncospheres was evaluated in Mus musculus infected with Hymenolepis nana var. nana. Twenty female of Mus musculus of two months old, free infection by helminths, were random-selected into two groups, experimental and control, of 10 mouses each one. Each animal from the experimental group received a single subcutaneous dose of immunogen constituted by 0,05 mL of PBS with 1524 oncospheres and 0,05 mL of complete Freunds Adjuvant to induce the immune response. The control group received a similar dose, but without oncospheres. The protector effect of the oncospheres was evaluated after 25 days of the immunization, 200 viable eggs of H. nana var. nana were inoculated by oral route to each one of the 20 mouses, and they were kept alive for 15 days before to be sacrificed to get intestinal parasites and prove the immunization efficiency. Adult forms of H. nana var. nana were found in two mice of experimental group and 5 mouses from control group; being immunization efficiency of 60 per cent, showing significative differences between control group and experimental group.
