A correlative analysis of dental age, chronological age, and body mass index and its impact on dental development in 6-13 year old children of Navi Mumbai, India.

PURPOSE: Nutrition has a great impact on children's health. Of great concern are the underweight children because of the risk of illness and mortality in them. Being overweight can also have long-lasting adverse effect on development of the child. The purpose of this study was to determine body mass index (BMI) and dental development in normal and underweight children and to carry out a correlative analysis of calculated dental age, chronological age, and BMI in normal and underweight children of age group of 6-13 years of Navi Mumbai, India. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The sample for the study consisted of 301 participants, that is, 171 boys and 130 girls who were divided into two groups, namely, normal and underweight. RESULTS: When BMI was less than normal, calculated dental age was less and thus the dental development was retarded and vice versa. CONCLUSION: The following conclusions were drawn from the study: (1) a significant positive correlation was found between chronological age and dental age and (2) along with the chronological age and dental age, the calculated dental age difference must also be taken into consideration.

Perception of Aesthetics by Different Professionals of Different Communities.

AIM: To evaluate the perception of aesthetics by different professionals of different communities in India by a photographic study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a photographic study conducted among different professionals of different communities to establish an aesthetic norm for Indian population. The communities to which the professionals belonged were North Indian, South Indian, Maharashtrian, Gujarati and Parsi. The subjects photographed were aesthetic profiles with good occlusion. Five different facial photographic views each for male and female were obtained. These photographs were then subjected to changes in increments of 2 mm and 4 mm in retrusive and protrusive profile in Adobe Photoshop CS5 after which they were evaluated by different professionals of different communities according to their preference from most liked to least liked. RESULTS: The aesthetic preferences differed widely among different professionals of different community. CONCLUSION: The established aesthetic norms can be utilized by the dental fraternity in general and Orthodontist's in particular in diagnosis and treatment planning of Samples belonging to different communities to have the treatment outcome in unison with the established soft tissue norm for that particular community.

Evaluation of nickel ion release from various orthodontic arch wires: An in vitro study.

AIM: The high incidence of nickel (Ni) allergy and the increasing use of Ni-containing dental biomaterials have been of growing concern. The purpose of this investigation was to analyze and evaluate the rate of Ni ion release from different types arch wires used in orthodontics. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four groups of arch wires (nickel titanium [NiTi], SS, Cu NiTi and ion implanted NiTi) with twelve samples were stored in artificial saliva with a pH 5.6-7.0 thermostated at (36.5°C) and tested at different intervals i.e., 7(th) day, 14(th) day, and 21(st) day. The amount of Ni and Ti ions released from the sample were evaluated using an atomic adsorption spectrophotometer. The solution was replaced with a fresh bottle to avoid sediments. RESULTS: Statistical analysis was performed by nonparametric tests (Student's paired t-test, one-way analysis of variance and multiple comparison test by Tukey "Honestly significant difference"). The statistical package SPSS PC plus (version 4.0.1) was used for data processing and statistical analysis. Results showed significantly statistical influence on the release amount of Ni and Ti ions. Large variation in concentration of Ni released from brackets and bands combined. However, the amount of Ni ions released in all test solutions diminished with time and was below the critical value necessary to induce allergy and below daily dietary intake level. CONCLUSIONS: The daily release of NiTi, SS, Cu NiTi and ion implanted NiTi by an orthodontic appliance in acid pH, particularly favorable to corrosion, was well below that ingested with a normal daily diet. It is therefore concluded that the quantities of metal ions released in our experimental conditions should not be cause for concern in utilizing the appliance.

Orthodontic and surgical perspectives in management of a severe skeletal open bite.

In orthognathic correction of skeletal discrepancy, different treatment options should be considered to give optimum results to the patient with minimal postoperative problems caused by extensive bi-jaw surgery. In a case of severe vertical dysplasia with a large open bite, the orthodontist with the help of advanced diagnostic tools such as imaging software had planned bi-jaw surgery. However, there was a difference in opinion with the oral surgeon who considered only single jaw surgery to get adequate results. The possibility of only maxillary Le Fort I surgery creating autorotation of the mandible was considered, as 0.5° of autorotation results with 1° of maxillary posterior segment clockwise rotation thus avoiding bi-jaw surgery. After performing the Le Fort I superior repositioning of maxilla, the mandibular autorotation was not adequate, so a mandibular bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO) for mandibular advancement had to be performed to achieve favourable results.

Aesthetic acceptance equals to nature's compensation plus surgical correction.

Orthognathic surgery has become an acceptable treatment plan for patients with various maxillofacial deformities. The rehabilitation of severe class III adult patients requires a complex interdisciplinary orthodontic and orthognathic approach. This presentation aims to show a case of combination of camouflage and bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO).Camouflage in maxillary arch was accepted after analysing visual treatment objective (VTO) and pleasing soft tissue compensation which gave us the clue to go ahead for surgical correction of excess mandibular length to achieve best aesthetic outcome while maintaining nature's compensation in upper arch.