Global research trends in petrochemical wastewater treatment from 2000 to 2021.

Petrochemical wastewater (PWW) is a huge industrial contaminant that generates a wide range of resistive and poisonous organic pollutants that harm animals and plants in natural water bodies when discharged untreated or partially treated. Therefore, it is vital to develop technologies that are simple, efficient, and profitable for the treatment of oily wastewater. Although much study has been undertaken on the treatment of PWW, there has not been any recent work on bibliometric analysis of global research trends on this issue. A bibliometric analysis will help current and future researchers figure out where the gaps are and how to fill them. The present study's focus is to examine the characteristics and trends of research on oily wastewater treatment with an emphasis on the treatment of PWW. This research was performed on five important aspects, including characterization of research publications, countries' performances and collaborations, an analysis of the best papers with the most citations, keyword analysis (including frequency distribution of the keyword analysis, the transformation of the keyword combination across time, and exploration of changes in rank over time), and journal analysis, according to the 2457 papers in the Science Citation Index Expanded using the Web of Science (WoS) database from 2000 to 2021. For further analysis, the contingency matrix, bump diagram, and inter-temporal network stream were employed.

Hydrodynamic classification of submerged Thermal-Saline Inclined Single-Port discharges.

The discharge of warm effluent from thermal power plants and saline effluent from desalination sites in aquatic environments can, if the sufficient dilution is not attained, subsequently lead to severe environmental damage in the water column or surrounding waterbed. This paper attempted to experimentally assess an inclined single-port discharge system for thermal-saline effluent in a still, homogeneous water environment. The experiments were conducted for different combinations of salinity and warmth of the effluent and at three discharge angles of 30°, 45° and 60°. The results of this study developed a classification chart for Thermal-Saline Inclined Single-Port jets. In fact, the charts are applicable to thermal-saline jets with a new layer added to the charts proposed in previous studies for positive and negative jets. This research has also provided the criteria for thermal-saline buoyant jets to design, including the discharge angle and the proper combinations of effluent salinity and warmth.