[Antipyrine test in evaluation of patient's hepatic failure in early postoperative period]. / Antipirinovaia proba v otsenke pechenochnoi nedostatochnosti u bol'nykh v rannem posleoperatsionnom periode.

In victims of severe combined trauma in early postoperative period there are disorders in the system of monooxygenase detoxication of hepatocytes--the duration of antipyrine semiexcretion period in the blood was 2.5 times longer than in healthy people. In 40% of injured parallelism in changes of values of the antipyrine test and general blood bilirubin are detected; in 18% of cases hyperbilirubinemia is revealed in antipyrine clearence being normal, and in 42% a sharp decrease of antipyrine clearence at the background of normal bilirubin content is detected. Hypoproteinemia, hypoalbuminuria, and activation of ALT and AST was revealed, which evidenced of the reaction of urgent adaptation. Under conditions of development of the postoperative stress-reaction the examination of monooxygenaze system of hepatocytes' detoxication is the most specific test of revealing early hepatic insufficiency. A sharp decrease or increase of antipyrine clearence is a sign of irreversibility of hepatic insufficiency.

[Quantitative evaluation of the nitroblue tetrazolium reduction test]. / Kolichestvennaia otsenka testa vosstanovleniia nitrosinego tetrazoliia.

The results of NBT test were assessed by the visual cytochemical method and by the quantitative spectrophotometry technique developed by the authors for the NBT test. The results demonstrate a higher sensitivity and informative value of the new method, in case the neutrophilic tetrazolium activity is rather high; this recommends the NBT test spectrophotometric variant for wide clinical application in studies of the blood leukocyte functional and metabolic activity.

[Acute gastroduodenal ulcers in the early postoperative period]. / Ostrye gastroduodenal'nye iazvy v rannem posleoperatsionnom periode.

Clinical observations of 146 surgical patients have confirmed high informative value of fibrogastroduodenoscopy which could reveal ulcerations in 69% of the patients examined and thus choose the adequate treatment. A thorough study of acid-forming function of the stomach as well as determination of activity of lysosomal enzymes of the gastric juice has shown that hyperacidic state of the mucosa and high activity of alcaline phosphatase of the gastric juice may be considered as risk factors of the formation of acute ulcers.

[Lipid peroxidation in the etiology of endotoxemia in acute diffuse peritonitis and the possibility of its correction by hemosorption]. / Perekisnoe okislenie lipidov v geneze éndotoksikoza pri ostrom razlitom peritonite i vozmozhnost' ego korrektsii gemosorbtsiei.

The state of lipid peroxidation (LP) was studied in 65 patients with acute diffuse peritonitis at different phases of its development as well as the effect of hemosorption on the concentration of LP products in blood serum and its antioxidant activity. It was established that patients with diffuse peritonitis have considerably activated LP. The LP products when getting into the general blood flow play a substantial role in the formation of endogenous intoxication syndrome. The inclusion of hemosorption in the detoxication therapy complex leads to markedly decreased amount of peroxidation products in blood serum.

[Role of middle mass molecules in the pathogenesis of endotoxicosis in peritonitis]. / Rol' molekul srednei massy v patogeneze éndotoksikoza pri peritonite.

Under examination there were 107 patients with diffuse peritonitis in its different phases. The relationship of clinical manifestations of endotoxicosis and middle mass molecules in the blood was established. One of the causes of the development of endotoxic shock in peritonitis is found to be an instant release of highly toxic substances (middle mass molecules included) from the microcirculation bed. The most effective means of detoxication of the organism include: intraoperative sanitation of the abdominal cavity with the elimination of the infection source, drainage of the small intestine with enterosorption, forced diuresis, hemo- and lymphosorption.

[Clinico-enzymological aspects of peritonitis as a special form of inflammation]. / Kliniko-énzimologicheskie aspekty peritonita kak chastnoi formy vospaleniia.

The article presents data on the investigation of 15 indices characterizing the interrelation of general changes in the organism with the functional state of neutrophilic polymorphonuclear leukocytes in 866 patients with acute inflammatory diseases of organs of the abdominal cavity and peritonitis and in 203 practically healthy people. A conclusion is made of the expediency of stabilization of the cellular and subcellular membranes, inhibition of activity of proteolytic lysosomal enzymes.

[Enzymologic and immunologic indices of the activity of inflammatory process in acute purulent-destructive lung and pleural diseases]. / Enzimologicheskie i immunologicheskie pokazateli aktivnosti vospalitel'nogo protsessa pri ostrykh gnoino-destruktivnykh zabolevaniiakh legkikh i plevry.

The dependence of the activity of lysosomal enzymes upon the degree of the pyo-destructive process and the character of the course of the postoperative period has been established on the basis of studying the activity of lysosomal enzymes of leukocytes of blood and pleural exudate, titre of natural and heterophyllic antibodies, components of the kallikrein-kinin system in pyo-destructive diseases of the lungs and pleura. Pathogenetically substantiated ways of prevention of postoperative infectious complications are proposed.

[Activity of lysosomal enzymes as an indicator of the functional state of polymorphonuclear leukocytes during inflammatory process in the peritoneal cavity]. / Aktivnost' fermentov lizosom kak pokazatel' funktsional'nogo sostoianiia polimorfoiadernykh leikotsitov pri vospalitel'nom protsesse v polosti briushiny.

The examination of 107 patients with acute surgical diseases of the abdominal organs has shown the program of the development of the inflammatory process in the abdominal cavity to be greatly determined by the functional capacity and sequence of activation of lysosome enzymes of polymorphonuclear leukocytes--acid and alkaline phosphatase.

[Methods and results of studying serum alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes (intestinal and liver fractions) in acute surgical diseases of the abdominal cavity organs]. / Metody i rezul'taty issledovaniia izofermentov (kishechnoi i pechenochnoi fraktsii) syvorotochnoi shchelochnoi fosfatazy pri ostrykh khirurgicheskikh zabolevaniiakh organov briushoi polosti.

Separate estimation of intestinal and liver fractions of blood serum alkaline phosphatase in patients with acute forms of impairments corroborated the tissue specificity of these isoenzymes and showed the stable character of alterations in their activity at the initial steps of inflammatory-destructive processes in liver tissue, bile and intestinal tracts. The express methods for estimation of blood serum alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes enabled to carry out the examination within 1.5-2 hrs; the diagnostic methods may be widely used in urgent abdominal surgery.

[Blood alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes in the diagnosis of acute diseases of the abdominal cavity]. / Issledovanie izofermentov shchelochnoi fosfatazy syvorotki krovi v diagnostike ostrykh zabolevanii organov briushnoi polosti.

The activity of the intestinal and hepatic fractions of the serum alkaline phosphatase was studied in 78 patients with acute diseases of organs of the abdominal cavity and in 20 practically healthy people. The character of changes in the activity of the isoenzymes can serve as a reliable evidence of the predominant localization, the degree of the disease and of the inflammatory destructive process, contributes to earlier recognition of acute disease of organs of the abdominal cavity.

[Changes in leukocyte lysosomal acid and alkaline phosphatase activity in acute surgical diseases of the abdominal cavity organs]. / Izmeneniia aktivnosti kisloi i shchelochnoi fosfataz lizosom leikotsitov pri nekotorykh ostrykh khirurgicheskikh zabolevaniiakh organovbriushnoi polosti.

To discriminate initial stages of an inflammation from its destructive forms, the authors studied the leucocyte lysosome activity at different stages of inflammatory processes in abdominal organs. 90 patients and 30 practically healthy individuals were examined. The indices of acid and base phosphotase activity were found to rise together with the progress of an inflammatory process. A nomogram, permitting to determine with a rather high precision the stage and direction of the process, was made up on the grounds of the established reguliarity after the mathematical procession of the obtained figure data.