[Development of analytical methods for the determination of Indosol and eyedrops]. / Az indosol hatóanyag és szemcsepp analitikai módszereinek kifejlesztése.

Indosol is the water soluble Trometamol salt of Indomethacin. It shows promise in the combating of inflammations e.g. in ocular surgery. This paper reports on the results obtained using analytical methods of the Hungarian Pharmacopeia and the development of new analytical methods for Indosol. Solvent residues in Indosol were determined gas chromatographically after extraction with carbon tetrachloride, and an HPLC method was developed for the determination of Indosol as a pure substance or in eye-drops, using a Hypersil-ODS column and methanol-water-acetonitrile-acetic acid (55:35:10:5).

[Development of methods for the chromatographic analysis of Hevizos]. / A hevizos kromatográfiás analitikai módszereinek kifejlesztése.

Normal phase HPLC and OPTLC methods are described for the analysis of Hevizos (5-isopropyl-2'-beta-deoxyuridine) and it's impurities. The eluent is 50% water saturated ethyl-acetate to which 0.5-1.5% methanol is added depending on the silica used. The water content is important as it practically eliminates tailing. The methods can also be used for the determination of 5-isopropyl-2'-beta-deoxyuridine and it's impurities in Hevizos ointment after a simple extraction procedure. The OPTLC method uses a CHROMPRES 10 apparatus, aluminum backed HPTLC plates and the same eluent-system as the HPLC method. The reproducibility of the HPLC method (rel. st. dev.) is 0.8%, the correlation coefficient is > 0.999 for the main component, while the impurities can be determined at the 0.1% level with a reproducibility of 20%, and a correlation coefficient of > 0.997. The reproducibility of the OPTLC method (rel. st. dev.) is 4% for the main component, while for the impurities at the 0.5% level the reproducibility is 20%.

[Ectopic ureter in infancy and childhood]. / Ureter ectopia csecsemökben és gyermekekben.

Two infants, 7 children and 1 young woman have been surgically treated for ureteral ectopy in the Departments of Paediatrics and of Urology of the Medical University of Pécs over the last 15 years (1974-1989). The girl/boy ratio was 8/2. In girls, who were otherwise toilet-trained with a normal voiding pattern, constant wetting and urinary infection were the leading clinical findings. The site of ureteral drainage was the vestibule in 4 patients, the urethra in 3, the vagina in 1, the prostatic utricle in 1, and it could not be determined in 1 girl. Diagnosis was based on intravenous urography, voiding cystourethrography, ultrasonography, isotope scan, endoscopy and filling up of the bladder with a methylene blue solution. The diagnosis was more obscure when the ectopic ureter drained a poorly functioning kidney. Considering that in ectopy with duplicated system the upper pole renal segment is almost always destroyed, upper pole nephrectomy and proximal ureterectomy are advocated. In 1 neonate with esophageal atresia and tracheo-esophageal fistula ultrasonography detected the ureteral malformation. In 1 girl bilateral single ureteral ectopy was found.

Studies on the pharmacokinetics and metabolism of N(4)-carbamoyl-1,3,4,5-dihydro-diazepam (Uxepam(R)) in rats, dogs and man.

The pharmacokinetics and metabolism of Uxepam(R), a new minor tranquillizer, have been investigated in rats [2], dogs and man. For the experiments in rats [2] separation of metabolites of 2-(14)C-uxepam was achieved by thin-layer chromatography. In the experiments on dogs and man, Extrelut microcolumns were used for preseparation. Recovery was 95% +/- 12.77 (S.D.) determined by radioactive tracer experiments. The compounds were separated and determined by reversed-phase HPLC with UV detection at 240 nm. The limit of detection for uxepam was 10 ng ml(-1). The metabolises were identified by mass spectrometry. The main metabolites in the rat were desmethyl-uxepam, 5-hydroxy-phenyl-desmethyl-uxepam and diazepam. Desmethyl-carbamoyl-dihydro-diazepam, diazepam and desmethyl-diazepam were found in human plasma. In dogs only one metabolite, desmethyl-uxepam, was detected in plasma. Enterohepatic recycling was observed in dogs and in humans.

Separation of 5-alkyluracils and purine bases in hydrolysates of enzymatically synthesized nucleic acids by high-performance ion-pair liquid chromatography.

Reversed-phase and reversed-phase ion-pair chromatographic methods were used to determine 5-alkyluracils in the presence of purine bases (mainly adenine) in the hydrolysates of enzymatically synthesized DNA. The effect of ionic strength, pH, concentration of the ion-pairing agent and methanol on the selectivity between alkyluracils and purine bases was examined in order to simplify the routine work and to reduce the time necessary for analysis. Optimal conditions could be developed for the isocratic separation of the various mixtures obtained by hydrolysis of the products of enzymatic synthesis.

Serum IgM immunoglobulin in neonatal enteritis.

The serum IgM immunoglobulin level has been studied in 106 newborns admitted with enteritis of various aetiology. The clinical characteristics of E. coli K86 and K59 enteritis as well as those of aspecific enteritis are discussed. The epidemic caused by E. coli K86 was the first of its kind observed in Hungary. Mature, dysmature and preterm newborns were all capable of increased IgM production under the effect of an antigenic stimulus. Serial examinations showed a rapid and considerable rise of IgM concentration in the initial, active phase of the disease. The rise was significant statistically and the level remained constant in the course of the disease and during convalescence. The importance of prevention is emphasized, especially as fatal septicaemia may develop on the basis of the existing or of a new infection, in spite of careful nursing and drug therapy.