Hidradenitis Suppurativa Incidence and Prevalence Rates Are Increasing: A Population-based Study.

BACKGROUND: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic relapsing inflammatory skin disease associated with a heavy burden of morbidity and cost. OBJECTIVES: To provide standardized estimates of trends in HS incidence and prevalence among patients in Israel between 2016 and 2019. METHODS: We conducted a population-based analysis of routinely collected electronic health records data from Clalit Health Services, the largest nationwide public health service provider in Israel. Age- and sex-adjusted rates were reported by using the standard European population as a reference. RESULTS: The study included 3488 HS incident cases. The mean ± SD age of onset was 30.3 years and was similar in males and females. HS was more common among Jews with low and medium socioeconomic status. The annual HS incidence rate increased throughout the study period. HS prevalence increased from 0.12% in 2016 to 0.17% in 2019. CONCLUSIONS: HS prevalence and incidence rates steadily rose among the Israeli population between 2016 and 2019. Awareness of these findings can help provide an optimal allocation of healthcare resources by policymakers and health service providers and prevent delays in diagnosis.

Case Report: Extensive Facial Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in a Neonate.

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a skin infection caused by various species of the Leishmania parasite and is spread by the bite of an infected female sandfly. In southern Israel, CL caused by Leishmania major is endemic. Cutaneous leishmaniasis is considered a self-limiting disease, characterized by progressive, long-lasting nodulo-ulcerative skin lesions, which usually resolve in several months to years, and leads to scarring, cosmetic disfigurement, and future stigmatization. Although CL is a common disease among children, reports of CL in children younger than 1 year are rare. We present a case of extensive facial CL in an infant whose initial lesions appeared only 25 days after birth. The patient was treated with intravenous liposomal amphotericin B. Two months later, marked improvement was seen, with complete resolution of the inflammation and atrophic scar formation. To our knowledge, this is the earliest age of CL published to date.

Infantile Sweet syndrome following MMRV vaccine.

Sweet syndrome (SS), also called acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis, is rare in the pediatric population, especially in infants and neonates. We present a case of infantile SS that developed 1 day after the MMRV vaccine; we suggest a possible causal relationship between the MMRV vaccine and SS.

Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria in Patients With Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome: Insights From Big Data Analyses.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) and interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS). METHODS: A population-based retrospective cross-sectional study was performed using the Clalit Health Services medical database. The prevalence of CSU was compared between patients diagnosed with IC/BPS and age- and gender-matched controls. Univariate analysis was performed using Chi-square and Student t test and a multivariable analysis was performed using a logistic regression model. RESULTS: The study included 681 patients with IC/BPS and 3376 demographically matched controls. The mean age of IC/BPS patients was 60 years old. The prevalence of CSU among patients with IC/BPS was higher as compared to the control group (20% vs 13.7%; P <.001). The adjusted OR for CSU in patients with IC/BPS was 1.58 (95% CI 1.28-1.97). Female gender and Jewish ethnicity were associated with the coexistence of these disorders (OR 1.7 95% CI 1.36-2.13, and 1.6 95% CI 1.28-2, respectively). CONCLUSION: A significant association was found between IC/BPS and CSU. This finding may support the presence of allergic/immune components in the pathogenesis of IC/BPS.

First Presentation of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in a 24-Year-Old Male following mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine.

The SARS-CoV-2 viral pandemic has had an immeasurable global impact, resulting in over 5 million deaths worldwide. Numerous vaccines were developed in an attempt to quell viral dissemination and reduce symptom severity among those infected. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by the production of antinuclear autoantibodies (ANAs) with heterogenic clinical manifestations, secondary to immune complex deposition in a multitude of organ systems. There are scarcely reported cases of SLE development following COVID-19 mRNA vaccination. We present a case of a 24-year-old male without preexisting conditions or family history of autoimmune disorders, presenting with SLE following the first dose of the SARS-CoV-2 Pfizer-BioNTech mRNA vaccine.

Acne keloidalis nuchae and thyroid diseases: a population-based cohort study.

BACKGROUND: The association between acne keloidalis nuchae (AKN) and thyroid diseases is yet to be investigated. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the risk of developing hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism among patients with AKN and to characterize the patients who have AKN and thyroid comorbidities. METHODS: A population-based cohort study was conducted comparing AKN patients (n = 2,677) with age-, gender-, and ethnicity-matched control subjects (n = 13,190) with regard to incident cases of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated by Cox regression analysis. RESULTS: The incidence rates of hypothyroidism among patients with AKN and controls were estimated at 2.15 (95% CI, 1.49-2.99) and 0.82 (95% CI, 0.66-1.00) cases/1000 person-years, respectively. The crude risk of developing incident hypothyroidism was 1.85-fold greater in patients with AKN (HR, 1.85; 95% CI, 1.24-2.78; P = 0.003). The elevated risk persisted following the adjustment for putative confounders (adjusted HR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.03-2.89; P = 0.040). The risk of hyperthyroidism was comparable in patients with AKN and controls both in the crude (HR, 1.55; 95% CI, 0.57-4.22) and adjusted (adjusted HR, 1.92; 95% CI, 0.59-6.21) analyses. Patients with coexistent AKN and thyroid diseases were significantly older at the onset of AKN, had more prominent female preponderance, and had a higher burden of comorbidity. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with AKN are at an increased risk of hypothyroidism. Screening for hypothyroidism should be considered in AKN patients with a compatible clinical picture.